• 제목/요약/키워드: Common activity

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In Vivo Screening for Biocontrol Agents (BCAs) against Streptomyces scabiei Causing Potato Common Scab

  • Lee, Hyang-Burm;Cho, Jong-Wun;Park, Dong-Jin;Li, Chang-Tian;Ko, Young-Hwan;Song, Jeong-Heub;Koh, Jeong-Sam;Kim, Bum-Joon;Kim, Chang-Jin
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제20권2호
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    • pp.110-114
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    • 2004
  • Through in vitro screening for biocontrol agents (BCAs) against Streptomyces scabiei causing potato (Solanum tuberosum) common scab, 19 streptomycete and 17 fungal isolates with antagonistic activity were selected as BCA candidates. For the selection of BCA candidates which are highly resistant to 10 kinds of antibiotics or pesticides, chemical susceptibility testing was initially performed in vitro. A remarkable degree of variation in susceptibility to antibiotics or pesticides was observed among the isolates tested. Streptomycete A020645 isolate was highly resistant to all the tested chemicals except neomycin up to 5,000 ppm. On the other hand, out of 36 antagonistic microbes subjected to in vivo pot tests using cultivar Daejima, four streptomycete isolates namely, A020645, A010321, A010564, and A020973, showed high antagonistic activity with >60% and 55% control value, respectively, and high chemical resistance to 10 kinds of chemicals. Therefore, these isolates were selected as potential BCAs for the control of potato common scab.

탄소중립 거버넌스 참여 과학기술전문가의 활동 기준 제시를 위한 공통성공요인 분석 (서울시 기후환경분야 거버넌스 사례를 통한 검증) (Analysis of Governance Common Success Factors for Activity Standards of Science and Technology Experts (Verification by a case of Climate and Environment Governance of Seoul City))

  • 천지광;김혜애;지민규;전병훈
    • 청정기술
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    • 제29권2호
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    • pp.151-159
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    • 2023
  • 탄소중립의 실현을 위해서는 다양한 이해관계자의 공동협력을 기반으로 거버넌스 제도를 활용하는 것이 합리적이다. 성공적인 거버넌스 운영은 구성원들이 어떤 활동 기준을 가지고 참여하는지가 중요하며, 특히 정책 집행 과정에서 과학적 조언을 할 수 있는 전문가에게는 성공적인 합의점 도출을 위한 가이드 공유가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 거버넌스 참여 과학기술전문가의 활동기준 제시를 위한 공통성공요인을 도출하고자 거버넌스 모형이론과 모형구조, 사례별 공통성공요인, 서울시 기후환경분야 거버넌스 사례적용 등의 조사 분석을 수행하였다. 모형이론 연구결과, 모형구조는 공통적으로 '조건-과정-결과'의 구조로 되어 있으며 구성원들의 활동시기인 '과정' 단계에서 공통성공요인을 도출할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 공통성공요인의 사례조사를 통해 중복요인은 신뢰성, 책임성, 투명성 및 네트워크로 도출되었다. 공통성공요인의 타당성을 검증하기 위해 서울시 거버넌스의 참여자 만족도 조사자료를 활용하여 분석한 결과, 결과값은 신뢰성 > 네트워크 > 투명성 > 책임성의 순으로 확인되었으며, 관련 요인들이 적절하게 도출됨을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구결과가 향후 과학기술분야 전문가의 활동요인으로 활용되어 탄소중립 정책의 수용성과 효용성을 높일 수 있기를 기대한다.

Benzoyltransferase and Phenylacetyltransferase Activities in Cholestatic Rat Liver Induced by Common Bile Duct Ligation

  • Kim, Young-Jin;Kim, You-Hee
    • BMB Reports
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    • 제32권1호
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    • pp.67-71
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    • 1999
  • We have investigated the effect of cholestasis on the closely related acyl-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase, benzoyltransferase, and phenylacetyltransferase activities in rat liver. Benzoyltransferase and phenylacetyltransferase activities in the liver cytosol, mitochondria, and microsome were investigated for a period of 42 d after common bile duct ligation. Both the mitochondrial and microsomal benzoyltransferases showed significant increase in their activities between the 1st and 7th day after common bile duct ligation, although the cytosolic benzoyltransferase activity did not show a significant change compared to the activities from the sham-operated control. The cytosolic phenylacetyltransferase activity showed a significant increase between the 1st and 2nd day, the mitochondrial activity showed a significant increase between the 2nd and 7th day, and microsomal activity showed a significant increase between the 1st and 7th day, respectively. Enzyme kinetic parameters of hepatic benzoyltransferase were analyzed using benzoyl coenzyme A as a substrate with the preparations from the 1st day post-ligation. Enzyme parameters of hepatic phenylacetyltransferase were also analyzed using phenylacetyl coenzyme A as a substrate with the preparations from the 2nd day post-ligation. The results indicated that although the $K_m$ values of these enzymes were about the same as the sham-operated control, the $V_{max}$ values of both enzymes increased significantly. These results, therefore, suggest that the biosynthesis of benzoyltransferase and phenylacetyltransferase has been induced in response to cholestasis.

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농가소득 창출을 위한 식용식물의 항산화, 항염, 항혈전 및 항비만 효과 탐색 (Evaluation of Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, Antithrombotic, and Antiobesity Activities in Cultured Edible Plants to Increase Farm Income)

  • 이선혜;김남석;최봉겸;박연희;김정봉;장환희;황유진;최정숙;이성현
    • 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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    • 제28권1호
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    • pp.29-43
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    • 2017
  • We studied the antioxidant, the anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, and antiobesity activities of seven different kinds of edible plants. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ABTS radical scavenging activities were determined as a measurement of antioxidant activity. NO production inhibition by the macrophage cell line (Raw 264.7) treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was carried out to assess anti-inflammatory activity. Thrombin inhibitory activity was measured for its antithrombotic function and inhibition of 3T3-L1 cell differentiation was evaluated as a measurement of antiobesity activity. Total phenolic components and total flavonoid contents were measured to determine functional materials in medicinal plants. Common sage, Japanese lady bell, and hairy agrimony showed high antioxidant activity ($IC_{50}$) of less than $100{\mu}g/mL$. All samples used in this study showed anti-inflammatory activity. Common sage, hairy agrimony, and hooker chives showed antithrombotic effects. Hairy agrimony showed the highest antithrombotic effect (98.1%). Common sage, Japanese lady belly, hairy agrimony, and hooker chives showed reduced 3T3-L1 cell differentiation and hooker chives strongly inhibited lipid accumulation in the cells compared to other medicinal plants. Common sage and hairy agrimony contained more than 1 mg GAE/g of phenolic compounds and more than 1 mg CE/g of flavonoids. Functional activities were different by plant part and extraction method from each sample. These results suggest that common sage, Japanese lady belly, hairy agrimony, and hooker chives may be used as healthy food sources with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, and antiobesity activities, and appropriate extracting methods from each plant need to be developed.

맥반석 식이가 십자매와 백문조 간장 및 신장의 형태학적 변화에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Quartz Porphyry on the Functional and Morphological Changes of Liver and Kideny in Common Finch and white Java Sparrow)

  • 차재영;조영수;홍숙희;임정부;김대진
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제11권2호
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    • pp.126-132
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    • 2001
  • Effect of Quartz porphyty(QP) on functional and morphological changes of the liver and kidney was studied in male common finch and white java sparrow fed with the basal diet(Control group) or experimental diet containing 3.0% QP(QP group) for 14 days. There was not significantly different morphological change of the liver upon light microscopic examination in common finch and white java sparrow between control group and QP group. Morphological change of renal tissue upon light microscopic examination in common finch and white java sparrow was not also significantly different between control group and QP group. The concentrations of serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and nric acid as renal functional parameters of common finch and white java sparrow were not significantly different in the both groups. The activity of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase(GOT) as hepatic functional parameter in common finch was significantly higher in the QP group($\rho$<0.05), whereas the activity of glutamic pyruvic transaminase(GPT) as hepatic functional parameter in common finch was not significantly different in the both groups. The activities of GOP and GPT in white java sparrow were not significantly different in the both groups. The morphologic findings and functional parameters of the liver and kidney observed in common finch and white java sparrow fed with 3.0% QP diet showed evidence of slightly liver damage accompanied with increased release of enzyme and fatty change of the hepatocytes in common finch, suggested that the tissues in some animals can be damaged by feeding a diet supplemented with 3.0% QP.

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Thiol Methyltransferase Activity in Cholestatic Rat Liver Induced by Commom Bile Duct Ligation

  • Joo, Il;Kwak, Chun-Sik;Yoon, Chong-Guk
    • 대한의생명과학회지
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    • 제10권1호
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    • pp.43-48
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    • 2004
  • Changes of thiol methyltransferase (TMT) activity in cholestatic rat liver were studied. Hepatic subcellular and serum TMT activities were determined in cholestatic rat induced by common bile duct (CBD) ligation over a period 28 days. The mitochondrial and microsomal TMT activities in cholestatic rat liver were found to be significantly increased between the 1st and the 28th day after CBD ligation. The TMT activity in serum was significantly increased throughout the experiments. The Vmax values of the above hepatic TMT in cholestatic rat were significantly increased at the 7th day after CBD ligation. However, the Km values of the above hepatic enzymes did not vary in all the experimental groups. Therefore, the results indicate that the biosynthesis of TMT was increased in cholestatic rat liver. The elevated serum TMT activity is most likely caused by increased hepatocytes membrane permeability due to cholestasis mediated liver cell necrosis.

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유기농 잡곡의 몇몇 기능성 물질 비교 (Comparison of Functional Materials in Organic Cultivated Minor Cereal Crops)

  • 윤성탁;김태호;남중창;김태윤;김혜림;조성훈;이승우;이명철;김민정;김성민
    • 한국유기농업학회지
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    • 제20권4호
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    • pp.619-630
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    • 2012
  • 최근 잡곡은 웰빙식품으로서 각광을 받고 있어 앞으로 수요가 늘어날 것으로 전망되고 있어 잡곡에 대한 연구가 매우 절실하지만 국내 조, 기장, 수수의 잡곡종자에 대한 기능성물질에 대한 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 우리의 주식작물인 벼와 국내에서 유기농으로 재배 생산된 수종의 잡곡종자에 대한 지방산조성, 총 안토시아닌과 총 페놀 함량 및 항산화활성을 조사하여 잡곡을 이용한 기능성 제품 개발을 위한 기초자료로서 제공하고자 하였다. 1. 총 지방산 함량은 조, 기장, 수수, 벼의 순으로 각각 0.649% > 0.33% > 0.172% > 0.111%이었고, 불포화지방산 함량도 조, 기장, 수수, 벼의 순으로 각각 0.511% > 0.269% > 0.122% > 0.069%로 높았다. 2. 벼, 조, 기장 수수의 안토시아닌의 함량은 벼, 조, 기장에서는 안토시아닌이 검출되지 않았으나, 수수에서는 다량이 검출되었으며, 품종간에는 몽당수수에서 $137.5mg{\cdot}g^{-1}$으로 가장 많았으며, 메수수에서 $65.8mg{\cdot}g^{-1}$으로 가장 적었다. 3. 총 페놀 함량은 벼에서는 추청벼가 $13.70{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$으로 가장 많았으며 대안벼가 $10.07{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$로 가장 적었다. 조에서는 흰차조가 $25.8{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$으로 가장 많았으며, 다음은 강화조가 $22.3{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$으로 많았다. 기장의 경우는 벼룩기장이 $69.4{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$로 가장 함량이 많았으며, 검은기장이 $33.6{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$으로 가장 적었다. 수수는 찰수수가 $682.2{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$을 나타내어 가장 함량이 많았으며, 가장 적은 품종은 재래찰수수로서 $237.9{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$을 나타내었다. 작물별 평균 총 페놀 함량을 보면 벼는 $12.25{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$, 조는 $16.95{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$, 기장은 $51.01{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$, 수수의 경우에서는 $447.4{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$을 나타내어 3작물의 총 페놀 함량은 수수가 평균 $447.4{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$으로 가장 많았으며 이 양은 조의 평균치의 26.3배, 기장의 평균치에 대해서는 8.8배나 많은 함량이었다. 4. 벼, 조, 수수, 기장의 DPPH(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) 자유라디칼(free radical) 소거활성효과는 벼에서는 추청벼가 3.6%로 가장 높았다. 조에서는 강화조가 4.78%로 항산화 효과가 가장 높았으며, 올황차조가 0.08%로 가장 낮았다. 기장의 경우는 검은 기장이 13.4%로 특히 가장 높았다. 수수는 본 시험에 공시된 7품종의 범위가 88.47~90.11%로 품종간 차이가 크지 않았다. 벼 3품종, 조 9품종, 기장 6품종, 수수 7품종의 평균항산화 활성을 보면 수수 > 기장 > 조 > 벼 순으로 각각 1.60% > 2.43% > 6.13% > 89.50%로 나타났다. 수수의 평균 항산화 활성은 조의 37배, 기장의 15배나 높았다.

감기환자의 구강에서 분리된 Streptoccous pneumoniae 59에 대한 관계부자이중탕(官桂附子理中湯)의 효과 (The Antimicrobial Activity of Gwankeibujalijung-tang Against Streptococcus pneumoniae 59 Isolated from the Mouth of a Common Cold Patient)

  • 이상윤;서부일;박지하;노성수;이은숙;김용현
    • 대한본초학회지
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    • 제24권1호
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    • pp.49-57
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    • 2009
  • Objectives:I want to examine the antimicrobial activity of Gwankeibujalijung-tang against Streptococcus pneumoniae 59 isolated from the mouth of a common cold patient. Methods: Antimicrobial activity was assayed through the hot water extract from Gwankeibujalijung-tang against Streptococcus pneumoniae 59 isolated from the mouth of a common cold patient. Results: The size of inhibition zone of Gwankeibujalijung-tang extract was 9.83 $\pm$ 0.11 mm. The optimal pH and temperature for the growth of isolated Streptococcus pneumoniae 59 were 7.0 and 37$^{\circ}C$, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration of Gwankeibujalijung-tang extract was 12 $\mu\ell$ and the antimicrobial activity of Gwankeibujalijung-tang extract was not destroyed by the heat (121$^{\circ}C$ for 15 min) and not affected by pH. Conclusions: Reviewing this experimental result, it appeared that Gwankeibujalijung-tang had efficacy against Streptococcus pneumoniae 59 isolated from the mouth of a common cold patient.

Chitosan-Based Film of Tyrothricin for Enhanced Antimicrobial Activity against Common Skin Pathogens Including Staphylococcus aureus

  • Han, Sang Duk;Sung, Hyun Jung;Lee, Ga Hyeon;Jun, Joon-Ho;Son, Miwon;Kang, Myung Joo
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제26권5호
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    • pp.953-958
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    • 2016
  • Chitosan-based film-forming gel is regarded as a promising vehicle for topical delivery of antimicrobial agents to skin wounds, since it protects from microbial infection and the cationic polymer itself possesses antibacterial activity. In this study, possible synergistic interaction against common skin pathogens between the cationic polymer and tyrothricin (TRC), a cyclic polypeptide antibiotic, was investigated, by determining the concentration to inhibit 90% of bacterial isolates (MIC). The addition of the polysaccharide to TRC dramatically reduced the MIC values of TRC by 1/33 and 1/4 against both methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. The synergism of TRC and chitosan combination against both strains was demonstrated by the checkerboard method, with a fractional inhibitory concentration index below 0.5. Moreover, co-treatment of TRC and chitosan exhibited antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, due to the antibacterial activity of chitosan, whereas TRC itself did not inhibit the gram-negative bacterial growth. These findings suggested that the use of chitosan-based film for topical delivery of TRC could be an alternative to improve TRC antimicrobial activity against strains that are abundant in skin wounds.