• Title/Summary/Keyword: Collection of remains

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Elicitation and Evaluation of Landscape Components for Vitalization of Rural Tourism -Centered on Rural Tourist Attractions of China- (농촌관광활성화를 위한 경관요소 도출 및 평가 -중국 농촌관광지를 대상으로-)

  • Sun, Chang Juan;Kim, Jong Gu
    • KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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    • v.36 no.5
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    • pp.937-945
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    • 2016
  • Recently, Rural tourism in China is developing rapidly, however, the rural tourism remains unsatisfactory due to ignoring the landscape aspect which is considered as an integral part for rural tourism. Therefore, we aim to investigate the effect of the landscape elements on vitalization of rural tourism by evaluation of the landscape elements. To this end, we made a questionnaire survery concerning importance and satisfaction of landscape elements through factor analysis, and clamp IPA analysis. As the result, 1) Regional product, safety facilities and public parking lots are the primary considerations as primary factor. 2)Traffic facilities and accommodation should reflect regional characteristics; Garbage collection facility, food and beverage facilities, network and electricity facility should be rectified and maintained; Regaining the original nature characteristics of river and lake, Securing the integrity of the visual appreciation by shelter landscape for Sewage Purification. Our study results may provide a basic reference for the development and management of rural tourism attractions in China.

Design of Security RoadMap for C4I System (C4I 시스템 보안 로드맵 설계)

  • Lee, Gang-Taek;Lee, Dong-Hwi;Yang, Jae-Su;J. Kim, Kui-Nam;Park, Sang-Min
    • Convergence Security Journal
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    • v.6 no.4
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    • pp.113-120
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    • 2006
  • C4I system is the centerpiece of the military force. The system is an information based system which facilitates information grid, collection of data and dissemination of the information. The C4I system seeks to assure information dominance by linking warfighting elements in the battlespace to information network which enables sharing of battlespace information and awareness; thereby shifting concept of warfare from platform-centric paradigm to Network Centric Warfare. Although, it is evident that C4I system is a constant target from the adversaries, the issues of vulnerability via cyberspace from attack still remains. Therefore, the protection of C4I system is critical. The roadmap I have constructed in this paper will guide through the direction to protect the system during peace and war time. Moreover, it will propose vision, objectives and necessary supporting framework to secure the system from the threat. In order to fulfill these tasks, enhanced investments and plans from the Joint chief of Staff and Defense of Acquisition and Program Administration (DAPA) is critical; thereby enabling the establishment of rapid and efficient security system.

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A study on the production techniques and prototype of the mother-of-pearl chrysanthemum pattern box from the Goryeo Dynasty (고려 나전국화넝쿨무늬상자의 제작기법 고찰 및 원형 연구)

  • LEE Heeseung;LEE Minhye;KIM Sunghun;LEE Hyeonju
    • Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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    • v.57 no.1
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    • pp.126-144
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    • 2024
  • The chrysanthemum vine pattern box from the Goryeo Dynasty expresses in great detail the representative features of Goryeo Dynasty lacquerware with mother-of-pearl, such as engraving patterns on the surface of fine mother-of-pearl, expressing vine stems using metal wires, and twisting metal wires to form the boundaries of each patterns. While the lacquerware with mother-of-pearl that remains today from the Goryeo Dynasty has the form of a sutra box and a box with lid, the chrysanthemum vine pattern box that is the subject of this study is in the shape of a box with a separate lid and body, making it difficult to estimate the purpose of production or the stored contents. In this study, we attempted to confirm the formative characteristics of the chrysanthemum vine pattern box in order to confirm its original form, and to investigate its structure and production technique through X-ray transmission. In addition, we attempted to identify the use and production purpose of the box by classifying and comparing the previously known lacquerware with mother-ofpearl from the Goryeo Dynasty by type. As a result of the investigation, fabric was confirmed the bottom of body and inner box through X-ray images. Through this, it was confirmed that the 'Mogsimjeopichilgi'(wooden core grabbing fabric technique) of wrapping the object with fabric was used. And through wood grain, it was possible to confirm the wooden board composition of the part presumed to be the restored part and the part presumed to have had existing Jangseog. In addition, it was confirmed that the joints were connected in a Majdaeim(part to part). Based on the survey results, a total of 14 pieces, including 9 Sutra boxes, 3 boxes, and 2 small boxes, that remain from the Goryeo Dynasty were classified by type and examined for similarity. Among them, there is a "Chrysanthemum Vine Pattern Sutra Box" from a private collection in Japan, a "Black Lacquered Chrysanthemum Arabesque Bun Sutra Box" from the Tokugawa Art Museum, a "Sutra Holder" from the British Museum, and a "Small Box with a Mother-of-Pearl Chrysanthemum Vine Pattern" from a private collection in Korea. The pattern composition of five points was most similar to the subject of this study. As a result of comparing the damage pattern, formative characteristics, and structural features of each part, it is presumed that the sutra holder in the British Museum was transformed into its current form from the original the chrysanthemum vine patterned box. Lastly, in order to confirm the purpose of production, that is, the use of this box, we investigated examples of Tripitaka Koreana printed version produced at a time similar to the social atmosphere of Goryeo at the time. Following the Mongol(元) invasion after the Goryeo military regime at the time, sutras appeared to pray for the stability of the nation and the soul of an individual, and with the development of domestic printing and paper in the 13th century, it gradually coincided with the transition from a scroll to a folded form, and the form of a box changed from a box. It is believed that the storage method also changed.

A Study on the Analysis and Improvement of the Personal Information Protection Act at Public Library: Focused on Seoul and Gyeonggi Province (공공도서관의 개인정보보호 현황분석 및 개선방안 연구: 서울·경기지역을 중심으로)

  • Lim, Jin Taek;Kim, Yang-Woo
    • Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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    • v.32 no.1
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    • pp.85-108
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    • 2015
  • Personal Information Protection Act was first enacted in March, 2011, amended in September, 2011 and became effective. Nevertheless, the risk of interfering with personal information protection still remains, associated with collection, plagiarism, leakage, and even sales of personal information. The public libraries are not an exception. Accordingly, this study investigates the status of personal information protection in public libraries of Seoul and Gyeonggi province. Also, it tries to discover problems associated with the act and presents a model scheme to improve this situation. The scheme relates to (1) securing of a sufficient budget; (2) reinforcing professional education related to personal information; (3) developing detailed guidelines for public libraries.

A Study on the Results of the National Evaluation on Public Library Management During 2010~2013 (전국 공공도서관 운영평가의 성과에 관한 연구 - 2010년~2013년도를 중심으로 -)

  • Cha, Mikyeong;Pyo, Soon Hee
    • Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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    • v.26 no.2
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    • pp.241-268
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    • 2015
  • Since 2008, the Presidential Committee on Library and Information has conducted 'National Library Management Evaluation,' and almost all of the public libraries have participated in the evaluation. In order to find the effect of the Evaluation on the public libraries, this study analyzed four years of the performance scores (2010~2013) during the period of the $1^{st}$ National Library Development Plan 2009~2013, which used the same measurement, were analyzed by the size groups and regions. The results indicated positive effect on the quality of the internal process such as planning and collection building. Yet attainment gab remains between metropolitan and the other regions, and also different relationship exists between input and attainment among the public library size groups. It suggested the policy development considering the library size and the regional difference.

DATA structure analysis of KTX command & control electric system (제목고속열차(KTX) 차량명령제어데이터 분석)

  • Kim, Hyeong-In;Jung, Sung-Youn;Kim, Hyun-Shik;Jung, Do-Won;Kang, Ki-Sok
    • Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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    • 2009.05a
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    • pp.1164-1171
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    • 2009
  • It has been 5 years since KTX high speed train was operated by KORAIL in Korea in April 2004. As for KTX train, France TGV was optimally renovated to make it, considering Korean geographical and environmental features. The research and development about KTX make it possible that train's exterior device design has the original design capability but, KTX train control & diagnosis design remains in the level of imitation. In order to analyze KTX train's diagnosis & control data, there are a collection method, using VME analysis device and method of analyzing control data structure and the operating and design capability about train control & diagnosis device should be secured. As the various high speed trains are operated in tracks, high speed train's safety driving and reduction of expense are necessary, by preparing in advance various train diagnosis & control which is indispensable to train operator. With the simplified train diagnosis & control design, Korean type high speed train's manufacture capability and operating capability should be improved and Korea's international status as a nation of operating high speed train should be established.

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Scaling Methods for Icing Wind Tunnel Test (결빙 풍동시험을 위한 스케일링 기법 연구)

  • An, Young-Gab;Myong, Rho-Shin
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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    • v.40 no.2
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    • pp.146-156
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    • 2012
  • In-flight icing remains as one of the most persistent hazards for aircraft operations. The effect of icing on aircraft performance and safety has to be evaluated during the development and airworthiness certification process. The scaling method is a procedure to determine the scaled test conditions in icing wind tunnels in order to produce the same result as when the reference model is exposed to the desired cloud conditions. In this study, a scaling program is developed to provide an easy-to-use tool to the aero-icing community. The Olsen and Ruff 4th methods are employed for this purpose and the velocity is calculated by matching the dimensionless Weber number. To validate the program, the results are compared with the NASA scaling results. The scaling examples based on FAR (Federal Aviation Regulation) Part 25 Appendix C are also presented. Finally, a validation study using a state-of-the-art icing simulation code FENSAP-ICE is presented.

A Reinterpretation of the Differences between the Tales of Jinmuk shown in The Investigation of Historical Remains of Patriarch Jinmuk and The Canonical Scripture: Highlighting Differences between Literary Transmission and Oral Transmission (『진묵조사유적고』와 『전경』에 나타난 진묵 설화의 차이에 대한 재해석 -문헌 전승과 구전 전승의 차이를 중심으로-)

  • Kim Tae-soo
    • Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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    • v.41
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    • pp.179-217
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    • 2022
  • Concerning the differences in the tales between the Investigation of Historical Remains of Patriarch Jinmuk (hereafter, IHRPJ), as well as those which appear in Jeungsanist Thought and Daesoon Thought, previous studies view such differences as Jeungsan's intentional modification of the original intent of the narratives or as indicating differences in beliefs and values. This style of interpretation seeks to reconcile both Korean Buddhism and Jeungsanist and Daesoon Thought based on the premise that the former and the latter two exhibit differences in values. This study accepts the above view of the differences in description according to values. However, the differences between the tales of Jinmuk that appears in IHRPJ versus those in The Canonical Scripture can be approached from a new perspective, i.e., the differences that exist between literary and oral traditions; rather than only stemming from potential differences in the world views espoused by Buddhism and Daesoon Thought. These refer to the IHRPJ, which was constructed first as literary narratives in the 19th century; however, there was also folklore that had been handed down from the 18th century. As a result of examining the relationship between Jinmuk and Bonggok via this interpretive horizon, the contents of the IHRPJ are found to reflect the values and intentions of the intellectual class, such those held by Master Cho-ui and Kim Ki-jong, whereas oral traditions can be seen as a reflection of the hopes of the people of the late Joseon Dynasty. Jeungsan should also be interpreted as having utilized folklore in his teachings. Meanwhile, the circumstances and intentions behind publishing the IHRPJ are analyzed in the context of the text's historical background and the relationship between Confucianism and Buddhism during the 16th through 19th centuries. In particular, through the Compilations of Wandang and the collection of writings of Buddhist monastics, I have evaluated that Confucianism needed to purify and correct materials according to the ideology of the times in order to promote a spirit of morality and courtesy. Likewise, Buddhist Master Cho-Ui also embellished records to benefit Buddhism and deleted oral records that could harm the reputation of Buddhism. On the other hand, when viewing Records of Shrine Renovation and existing oral traditions, it can be shown that some Jinmuk tales existed in the 18 th century which were not included in the IHRPJ. Thereby, Jeungsan's description of Jinmuk tales can be reappraised as accepting the oral secular tradition that conveyed the wishes of the people. In other words, compared to the IHRPJ, which reflects only the harmonious content of Confucianism and Buddhism due to political and social factors, The Canonical Scripture reflects oral traditions that were widespread during the late Joseon Dynasty. As evidence, it can be suggested that there are many narratives about the relationship between Jinmuk and Bonggok that center on Bonggok's jealousy and the murder of Jinmuk. Jeungsan aimed to encompass people of all classes according to their minds and wills rather than their political positions or statuses. Therefore, Jeungsan did not need to rewrite the narrative content that had been passed down via oral tradition. Instead he embraced those narratives as a projection of the voices of the people.

Present Condition of Fortress of Silla Capital and Research Direction on Landscape Architecture (신라왕경 성곽의 현황과 조경학적 차원의 연구방향)

  • Kim, Hyung-Suk;Sim, Woo-Kyung;Lee, Won-Ho;Ahn, Gye-Bog
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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    • v.33 no.1
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    • pp.1-11
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    • 2015
  • Gyeongju, Silla capital, hasn't paid much attention to a value of fortress as advanced frame of landscape all the while. All have done until now were maintaining lots of fortress including Gyeongju and setting night landscape lighting for them or building a trail in mountain fortress. Hereupon, this study tried to take a look at historical and scenic value of fortress, landscape frame of Gyeongju-Silla capital, based on Wolseong and Myeonghwalseong and find the way to contribute to it on landscape architectural level. As Wolseong(月城) and Myeonghwalseong(明活城) functioned as royal palace in Silla Dynasty, they need some research and study on fortress inside in detail rather than restoring them by simply maintaining the shapes. While Wolseong has overall excavation investigation going on, Myeonghwalseong representing mountain fortress area is losing its value due to unbefitting management to a title of world heritage. If conducting close research and study on these remains, it seems like it could contribute a lot to landscape architectural research of Silla royal palace through tracks, which will be used as royal palace. Here I suggest research direction on landscape architectural level about fortress remains in Gyeongju area as followings. Firstly, away from all research focusing on fortress shape, consecration way, etc, we need to conduct a research comprisable of inner space of fortress. As Wolseong and Myeonghwalseong functioned as royal palace in Silla Dynasty, it'll be possible to research about ponds, Nu-Jeong(樓亭), drainage facilities, oddly shaped stones, moundings, pavements, circulation systems, planting traces, etc. For this, we need to research and study through comparison with cases of China, Japan and Goguryeo of the same age. Secondly, applying garden archaeological way is possible to translate objectively regarding research of ancient garden with low literature record. But attainable achievement and information will be limited if implementing excavation based on archaeology as excavations so far regarding excavation investigation of Wolseong. The alternative to such problem is participation plan of landscaping field through the foundation of garden archaeology. We might be able to attain many results on landscape architectural level from research, if conducting research and study about Silla capital including Wolseong by applying garden archaeology such as collection of environmental sample and discovery and analysis of remains through aerial photograph, archaeological research, analysis of historical building, surface exploration, excavation technique, analysis of soil and flowerpot, etc. For this, many people majored in landscape architecture need to try and acquire archaeological knowledge. Also, we need to call attention to internal garden archaeology through international academic symposium by inviting global experts in garden archaeology field. I've suggested the study of location of Wolseong and Silla fortress in Gyeongju area, plan research on using and treating trees about the space in and out of fortress and landscape architectural research direction of Wolseong fortress.

An Archaeological Review of the Inscribed Bricks Excavated from the Tomb of Jang Mui: A Focus on the Collection of the National Museum of Korea (장무이묘 출토 명문전(銘文塼)의 고고학적 검토 -국립중앙박물관 소장품을 중심으로)

  • Lee Nakyung
    • Bangmulgwan gwa yeongu (The National Museum of Korea Journal)
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    • v.1
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    • pp.36-73
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    • 2024
  • The Tomb of Jang Mui located in Bongsan-gun, Hwanghae-do Province has attracted much attention since its first investigation due to the inscribed bricks found there that have allowed the guessing of the name and official title of its occupant and construction date. Inscriptions on these bricks, such as the "Prefect of Daebang Commandery Jang Mui" and the "Mu" (戊, the fifth sign of the Chinese calendar), and "Sin" (申, the ninth sign of the Chinese zodiac), have become the basis for believing the location of the government office of Daebang Commandery to be in Bongsangun, Hwanghae-do Province rather than somewhere in the Hangang River region. From the early days of its investigation, the tomb was suggested as historic remains of the Daebang Commandery along with the Earthen Fortress in Jitap-ri. Inscribed bricks excavated from the Tomb of Jang Mui were featured in several books and articles in the form of photographs and rubbings, leading to a vast body of studies on its construction period and the characteristics of its occupant that drew upon interpretations of the inscriptions. However, the inscribed bricks themselves were not publicly available outside those held in the collection of the University of Tokyo, making it difficult to expect consistent research findings on the types of inscribed bricks and their contents. Following previous studies re-examining the structure of the tomb and the materials used for its construction, most scholars dated the Tomb of Jang Mui to 348, a period after the collapse of Daebang Commandery. However, there is still a lack of adequate examination of the bricks, which account for the majority of the artifacts excavated from the tomb. Among the bricks excavated from most brick chamber tombs, including the Tomb of Jang Mui, only those with inscriptions or designs have been collected. Moreover, among these, only those with inscriptions or designs on the stretcher faces have been documented. Accordingly, the bricks themselves have been notably understudied. This paper intends to reorganize the contents of the inscriptions on eleven types (out of sixty-one pieces) of bricks in the collection of the National Museum of Korea, which make up the majority of the bricks excavated from the Tomb of Jang Mui. It also classified them according to their shapes. Furthermore, it examined the bricks from the Tomb of Jang Mui as architectural materials by focusing on their production techniques, including their forming, drying, and firing. Taking a more specific approach, it then compared the results to other bricks from the second century through the fourth century: those from the brick chamber tombs of the Nangnang and Daebang Commanderies and those from the brick chamber tombs built after Nangnang and Daebang Commanderies were ousted. The examination of bricks from the Tomb of Jang Mui has revealed that these bricks were basically produced using the brick manufacturing techniques of Nangnang, but they incorporated new elements found in bricks from brick chamber tombs or brick-and-stone chamber tombs constructed around the mid-fourth century in terms of their size, the use of lime, and the number of inscribed bricks. This supports the prevailing view that the date of the construction of the Tomb of Jang Mui is 348. The Tomb of Jang Mui sustained the existing brick chamber tomb burial tradition, but its ceiling was finished with stone. It demonstrates a blending of the brick chamber tomb practice of the Nangnang and Daebang Commanderies by using bricks produced based on related techniques, but with new elements such as the addition of a lime layer to the bricks. This fusion reflects the political circumstances of its time, such as the expulsion of the Daebang Commandery and the advance of the Goguryeo Kingdom, leading to diverse interpretations. Given archaeological evidence such as the structure, materials, and location of the tomb, the Tomb of Jang Mui appears to be highly related to the Goguryeo Kingdom. However, the forms of the inscribed bricks and the contents of the inscriptions share similarities with brick chamber tombs constructed during the third and fourth centuries in the Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions in China. Further studies on whether the use of lime was an influence from Goguryeo or a continuation of the Daebang tradition and a comparative examination with contemporaneous stone ceiling tombs will provide a more refined understanding of the Tomb of Jang Mui.