• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.36 no.4
• /
• pp.519-526
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study is to investigate the influences of small group learning using smart devices in science classes on students' achievement, learning motivation, attitude toward science lessons, and perception of small group learning using smart devices. Four 11th-grade classes (N=133) at a coed high school in Seoul were randomly assigned to a control group and a treatment group. The intervention of small group learning using smart devices emphasized collaborative writing on activity sheet. The students were taught about acid, base, and neutralization reaction for six class periods. After the instructions, an achievement test, the learning motivation test, the attitude toward science lessons test, and a questionnaire on the perception of small group learning using smart devices were administered. Two-way ANCOVA results revealed that there was a statistically significant interaction effect by their previous chemistry achievement in the achievement test scores. Only low-level students in small group learning using smart devices significantly improved their achievement probably by having the opportunities to get help from high-level students. The adjusted means of the treatment group were significantly higher than those of the control group in learning motivation and attitude toward science lessons. Students' perceptions of small group learning using smart devices tended to be positive. Educational implications of this study are discussed.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.58 no.2
• /
• pp.141-149
• /
• 2014

Background: Oriental lifestyle for treating diseases has been developed and well-accepted for a long time among Koreans. Sasang Constitution theory, originated from Korean traditional medicine, suggests that medication treatment should be differentiated by each patient's body classification (So-yang [SY], So-eum [SE], Tae-yang [TY], and Tae-eum [TE]), in contrary to western medicine's theory that medication should be applied equally by disease indication without such classification. However, the pharmacotherapeutic outcomes of these theories have not been compared to date. In this study, we aimed to compare the two theories by evaluating blood pressure (BP), which is lowered as a therapeutic outcome, among hypertensive patients taking angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) or calcium channel blockers (CCBs), two most commonly used antihypertensive classes in Korea. Methods: From April 2006 to June 2012, we retrospectively collected data on hypertensive patients with Sasang Constitution classification at Kyunghee University Hospital at Gangdong, one of the East-West collaborative medical centers in Korea. We collected information on age, gender, underlying diseases, antihypertensive drugs (ARB, CCB, ARB+CCB), and BP by reviewing the electronic medical records. We excluded patients with missing blood pressure at baseline or follow-up, or those who had a change in their antihypertensive drug class during follow-up. Results: We selected a total of 573 patients (SY: 165, SE: 158, TY: 0, TE: 250). Baseline BPs were on average 139.0/82.0 mmHg for SY, 137.8/78.5 mmHg for SE, and 138.7/79.2 mmHg for TE. In all three groups, CCBs were the most prescribed, followed by combination therapy with ARB+CCB, then ARBs. BP reduction after 1 month of initial medication was significantly different among the drug classes, but not in Sasang constitutional classification (ARB [SY: -12.4/-4.7, SE: -12.3/-2.5, TE: -8.6/-1.8], CCB [SY: -12.3/-5.4, SE: -13.0/-2.3, TE: -10.8/-6.0], ARB+CCB [SY: -15.6/-6.7, SE: -18.4/-8.1, TE: -20.2/-6.7], drug [$P{\leq}0.05$/P>0.05], constitutional type [P>0.05/P>0.05]). Conclusion: We observed significant differences in reduction of blood pressure by classes of drugs (ARB+CCB>CCB>ARB) but not by Sasang constitutional classification. Therefore, current approach of antihypertensive pharmacotherapy assisted by Western medicine is appropriate for treatment of hypertension. However, further larger scale or prospective studies are required in order to confirm these results.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.238-244
• /
• 2003

Purpose: The Planning of High-Dose-Rate (HDR) brachytherapy treatments are becoming individualized and more dependent on the treatment planning system. Therefore, computer software has been developed to perform independent point dose calculations with the integration of an isodose distribution curve display into the patient anatomy images. Meterials and Methods: As primary input data, the program takes patients'planning data including the source dwell positions, dwell times and the doses at reference points, computed by an HDR treatment planning system (TPS). Dosimetric calculations were peformed in a $10\times12\times10\;Cm^3$ grid space using the Interstitial Collaborative Working Group (ICWG) formalism and an anisotropy table for the HDR Iridium-192 source. The computed doses at the reference points were automatically compared with the relevant results of the TPS. The MR and simulation film images were then imported and the isodose distributions on the axial, sagittal and coronal planes intersecting the point selected by a user were superimposed on the imported images and then displayed. The accuracy of the software was tested in three benchmark plans peformed by Gamma-Med 12i TPS (MDS Nordion, Germany). Nine patients'plans generated by Plato (Nucletron Corporation, The Netherlands) were verified by the developed software. Results: The absolute doses computed by the developed software agreed with the commercial TPS results within an accuracy of $2.8\%$ in the benchmark plans. The isodose distribution plots showed excellent agreements with the exception of the tip legion of the source's longitudinal axis where a slight deviation was observed. In clinical plans, the secondary dose calculations had, on average, about a $3.4\%$ deviation from the TPS plans. Conclusion: The accurate validation of complicate treatment plans is possible with the developed software and the qualify of the HDR treatment plan can be improved with the isodose display integrated into the patient anatomy information.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• v.35 no.4
• /
• pp.265-273
• /
• 2010

Understanding patients' expectation for health visits and providing appropriate care may increase patients' satisfaction with health care, leading to more positive treatment outcome. The study aimed to investigate expectations of the patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) at their first visit to university-based orofacial pain clinic and to evaluate any relation with duration of pain, presence of previous treatment, pain severity and pain interference. Inclusion criterion was patients aged over and 18 years old and diagnosed as TMD during 3 months' period from Aug to Nov 2010. They were asked to complete the questionnaires for patients' expectation and the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) at waiting room prior to consultation. 322 TMD patients participated in the study(M:F=1:1.5, mean age=36 years old). The study indicated that the most important top 3 expectations were 'cure of pain', 'understanding their problem' and 'doctor-patient communication' in order. This finding was not affected by gender, duration and previous treatment history but affected by sub-category of TMD and BPI pain severity and pain interference. 'Pain relief' and 'understanding their problems' were relatively highlighted in the patients with muscle disorders and combination (joint-muscle) disorders of TMD than those with joint disorders who wanted communication and further investigation relatively more (p=0.000). While expectation for pain relief was expected more with increase of pain severity and interference, patients with mild level of pain severity and interference expected communication and further investigation relatively more (p=0.000, 0.017, respectively). Based on the results of the study, though pain relief was the primary concern for TMD patients suffering from pain, their satisfaction with care may be increased by explanation for etiology and mechanism of TMD to make them understand their problems better and doctor-patient communication and collaborative decision-making for treatment. Importance of patient-centered consultations and availability of written material or web sites for patient information should be stressed out.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.111-119
• /
• 2018

Objectives: To investigate the characteristics of patients diagnosed with dementia or mild cognitive impairment who are treated by means of a blend between Western and Korean medicine. Methods: We searched for outpatients with dementia or mild cognitive impairment by means of a collaboration between Western and Korean medicine from August 1, 2015, to July 31, 2017, through electronic medical records in Wonkwang Hospital. The records were retrospectively analyzed according to the patients' demographic and clinical characteristics, pathway of medical care, diagnostic tests, treatment, and medical expenses. Results: Thirteen patients were included in the analysis. Among them, six patients were diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment, five with dementia, Alzheimer's type, one patient with frontotemporal dementia, and one patient with unspecified dementia. Twelve of the thirteen patients were over 60 years of age. The number of pathways from the Dept. of Neurology to the Dept. of Neuropsychiatry of Korean Medicine was almost the same as the opposite pathway. The most used diagnostic test in Korean medicine was a neuropsychological test such as SNSB, MMSE and GDS. In Western medicine, hematology and neuroimaging were frequently used for patients. Acupuncture in Korean medicine and medication in Western medicine were the most frequently used. In Korean medicine, uncovered service costs were much higher than covered service costs,. whereas, in Western medicine, covered service costs were higher than uncovered service costs. Conclusions: This study describes the basic characteristics of dementia and mild cognitive impairment patients treated by a collaboration between Western and Korean medicine. Based on these results, a clinical pathway of the collaborative practice system between Western and Korean medicine for dementia patients needs to be developed.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.121-131
• /
• 2014

Objectives : This study was performed to find the relation between prognosis of peripheral facial palsy and blink reflex. Methods : Data was collected from patients who were admitted and treated by East-West Collaborative Treatment of Facial Palsy Center in Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong from January 2012 to June 2013. Patients were screened by inclusion/exclusion criteria and 163 patients' medical records were reviewed including blink reflex performed $14{\pm}2$ days after onset and House-Brackmann grade. Patients were divided into three groups, normal, delayed and absent group by blink reflex test. Trends of each recovery rate to House-Brackmann grade II and I depending on three group were analyzed at 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after onset using Linear by linear association. Results : At 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after onset, both recovery rate to House-Brackmann grade II and I had a tendency to be decreased statistically significantly in order of normal, delayed and absent group. Conclusions : We could find feasibility of blink reflex as a prognostic factor of peripheral facial palsy. Further study will be necessary.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.153-168
• /
• 2002

Since 1992, conventional fire fighting businesses have been converted into a metropolitan autonomous fire fighting system to be ready for a variety of disasters. However, the corresponding investment has been overlapped due to the non-integration of businesses to prevent any potential disasters, and a series of collaborative systems have been not functioning so well. In the meantime, our fire fighting sector has been trying to set up its own clean and faithful position by abolishing any inconvenient system or outsourcing private sectors, and expanded its work scope from conventional fire fighting even to rescue and emergency works. While focusing on handling disaster, the fire fighting sector has been widely trusted and reliable throughtout our nation. Moreover, our fire fighting sector has secured nation wide mobile organizations, technical personnel by field, special equipments and independent communication network. In addition, the fire fighting sector has knowledges, expertise and capabilities required for managing disasters, while in charge of almost every disaster management works including fire, explosion, collapse, disaster and flood. It becomes an organization for comprehensive disaster management under an absolute national trust, which is based on the system for prevention, preparation and countermeasure against a variety of disasters. Thus, our fire fighting sector must make many efforts and try to modernize conventional education and training. The ways to facilitate rescue and emergency works may include the nurture of technical fire fighting personnel along with modernized equipments, the reinforcement of rescue and emergency education, the facilitation of operating civil defense corps, the facilitation of operating volunteer fire fighting corps, the better arrangement of 119 briefing room for public healthcare in provincial offices, the sterilization of rescue instruments and equipments the better repair education for emergency rescue member, the establishment of regional emergency assistant system and the expansion of fire fighting personnel and equipments. In terms of reinforcing the functions and services of rescue 119 and emergency corps, we must review the following considerations: Building up security system along with operational expansion, building up a system for emergency medical treatment, building up a comprehensive information management system for rescue and emergency, constructing a provincial safety museum and so forth. For the ways to better the works of rescue 119 we can review the following considerations : Improving the education for fire fighting training corps under Jeju Provincial Fire and Disaster Management Department, providing rescue members with more opportunities for clinical practices, enhancing the morale of rescue members, installing a comprehensive briefing room for emergency rescue members, building up medical networks along with reasonable policies for information service, operating the consulting system for rescue 119 and so on. If these requirements are met, it is expected that the fire fighting departments in Jeju province can cope with every accident and disaster a little more rapidly and quickly in compliance with local needs, so that they can keep their own position as a public fire fighting organization which may be trusted by the public.

• Korean Journal of Cleft Lip And Palate
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.35-46
• /
• 2004

The frequency of abnormality at birth is average 1-1.5%, and of these, cleft lip & palate is known to be the most frequent congenital abnormality, Cleft is considered to be due to multi-factorial heredity correlated with genetic and environmental factors, Cleft patients require the collaborative treatment with several medical departments, Clinics for Maxillo-Oral Disorders of Tohoku University Dental Hospital performs the total managements related to such as occlusion and language for the patients with congenital maxilla-facial abnormality, This study examined the patients with cleft lip and/or palate who came to the Clinics for Maxilla-Oral Disorders of Tohoku University Dental Hospital for the past 17 years from Jan. 1987 to Dec, 2002, and had the results as follows, 1. Annual mean number of patients The annual mean number of the patients for 17 years from Jan, 1987 to Dec, 2002 was 91 patients, ranging from 63 minimum to 116 maximum, 2, Gender and types of cleft There were 747(51%) males and 709(49%) females, with a male to female ratio 1,05:1. CLP was the most frequent cleft type as shown in 616 patients, and other patients manifested different complaints such as CL, CP, SMCP and MC in order. 3. The laterality in cleft type The lip cleft was frequently expressed orderly on left, right and both sides of CL patients while orderly being shown on left, both and right sides of CLP patients. Accordingly, lip cleft was most commonly found on the left side. 4. Address at first visit Of 1,456 subjects, 850(58.4%) patients were residing in Miyagi Prefecture, where this hospital is located. 5. Age at first visit 615(42.2%) patients came to the hospital at their age younger than 1 year old, comprising 282(19.4%) patients age younger than 2 months old and 333(22.9%) patients age between 2 month old and 1 year old. 6. Mother's age at birth For the mother's age at birth, 526(39.9%) patients were at the age of 25 to 30 years old, and 17(1.3%) patients were over 40 years old. 7. Birth weight 34.3%(443 patients) had a birth weight of 2500-3000gm and 56.0%(724 patients) had a 3000-4000gm. It was also found that 7.9%(102 patients) had a birth weight of less than 2500gm. 8. Familial expression The frequency of familial expression was 6.5%(94 patients).

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.151-168
• /
• 2019

This study aims to verify the effects of the sewing practice class, developed for the cultivation of creativity and personality, the two qualities that the Korean Department of Education tried to emphasize in 2009 national curriculum. We conducted a single-group pretest-posttest experiment with the developed sewing practice class as a treatment. Results are as follows. First, the comparison results of before and after the developed sewing practice class showed that there were meaningful differences in creativity and its subfactors such as divergent thinking skill, problem solving ability, open-mindedness and patience. This is because in-class activities such as coming up with ideas by group discussion, creative activities and problem-solving experiences make the students be aware that they are the hosts of the class. It also affected their abilities of producing creative ideas and solving problems proactively. Second, the developed sewing practice class had an impact on students' personality and its subfactors like responsibility, diligence, consideration, communication skill, and collaborative ability. This practice class is based on personal activities which lead to the completion of the group assignment. This has not only emphasized individual responsibilities, but also highlighted the completion of group work and encouraged the flow of communication and cooperation among students. As a result, we concluded that this practice class helped nourish the participating students' personality.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
• /
• v.51
• /
• pp.119-140
• /
• 2002

The main premise of this study is that family involvement which is based on professional-family collaborative partnership is very important for successful treatment and rehabilitation of the mentally ill. Accordingly, this study aims to find out factors which are related to family involvement in therapeutic process. This study conducted the survey with 275 service providers(i.e. mental health professionals) and with 124 service consumers(i.e. family members) in order to discover in what extent do related factors affect on the family involvement. The major findings of the study are; 1) From the service providers standpoint, using multiple regression, job characteristics, perception of family culpability, frequency of contact with family, functioning of their organization affect significantly on the family involvement by 33.0% of explanatory power. Using a step-wise multiple regression, the most powerful influenced factors on family involvement are frequency of contact with family, type of agency, type of profession, and their career. 2) From the service consumers standpoint, using multiple regression, socioeconomic level, attitudes of professionals, optimistic perception of prognosis, functioning of their family, diagnosis affect significantly on the family involvement by 40.9% of explanatory power. Using a step-wise multiple regression, the most powerful influenced factors on family involvement are economic level, attitudes of professionals, optimistic perception of prognosis, educational level. In conclusion, family accessibility to the therapeutic system must be allowed and further, politically encouraged by the related legislation. Also this study recommends clinician to use an empowerment model for the families with the mentally ill.