• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.131-140
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• 2015

Objective : The purpose of this study is to figure out the treatment of coldness in hands and Feet by using Delphi survey. Method : This study was approved by institutional review boards at Kyung Hee University. Self recording type delphi survey were sent by e-mail to 55 Korean medicine specialists (19 gynecologist, 36 internal medical doctors) who treat coldness in hands and Feet. And replies were analyzed. As this study is cross sectional study, simple descriptive analysis was applied. Results & Conclusion : Herbal medicine, acupuncture and moxibustion were mainly applied and extract (granule), pharmacopuncture, bee venom pharmacopuncture and cupping therapy were also added case by case. Treatment was done twice a weak for 4 months. Cupping therapy was done at GB21 and SI11. Bee venom pharmacopuncture and Kidney yang deficiency pharmacopuncture were applied at ST36, GB21, CV4 and LR3. As extract (granule) Ijungtang, Dangguisayeokgaosuyusaenggangtang and Dangguisayeoktang were mainly used and as herbal medicine formula Palmijihwangwon, Bojungikgitang, Ijungtang, Danggwisayeok-gaosuyusaenggangtang and Danggwisayeoktang were mainly prescribed. Comprehensive treatment of acupuncture, moxibustion and herbal medicine was considered to have more effective and more rapid result than single treatment of herbal medicine have.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.23-35
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• 2006

Objectives : This study examined the reliability of disease mechanism diagnosis, to evaluate items of questionnaires and inquire about the relationships between disease mechanisms and 'diagnosis program' questionnaires used for the objective diagnosis of Oriental medicine in the department of Oriental OB&GYN, Oriental Medical Hospital of Dongeui University. Method : We analyzed the results of questionnaires from 3504 outpatients of OB&GYN disease at the Oriental Medical Hospital of Dongeui University from April 2000 to April 2005. Results & Conclusions : 1. The research questionnaire had 188 questions, the summary questionnaire 137, and the diagnosis questionnaire 80. 2. The reliability of all questionnaires shows above 90% in deficiency of qi, deficiency of Yin, insufficiency of Yang coldness heat syndrome liver and spleen kidney in all, 8 case disease mechanisms. These are higher in the diagnosis questionnaires than in the research questionnaires and the summary questionnaires, except for kidney disease mechanism. 3. Cronbach a of the questionnaires decreased, especially blood deficiency, phlegm, heat syndrome, and insufficiency of Yang; these 4 case disease mechanisms were lower than 0.6. 4. For degree of correspondence of meeting points, both. the diagnosis and the summary questionnaires were above 80% with the exception of the 2 case disease mechanisms heart and blood deficiency. The meeting points of both the diagnosis and research questionnaires were above 80% in the to case disease mechanisms deficiency of qi blood stasis deficiency of Yim insufficiency of Yang damp dryness liver spleen kidney phlegm. 5. The change in the result values of questionnaires was a decreased level of deficiency of qi heat syndrome phlegm damp kidney and raised level of coldness heart disorder of qi dryness 6. The computation degree of disease mechanism in DSOM(r) D.1.1 was much lower on phlegm deficiency of qi heat syndrome disorder of blood, somewhat lower on insufficiency of Yang and higher on coldness than in the two different questionnaires.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.77-96
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• 2017

This study was carried out to clarify the climatic factors of the freezing injury for the judgement on the adaptation areas of evergreen broad-leaved trees. We surveyed and analyzed the climatic factors of the freezing injury to Machilus thunbergii Siebold & Zucc. on the streets with the analyzation of planting grounds, soil conditions and the surrounding buildings. This study showed that only the minimum air temperature factor out of the other climate elements, which were the annual precipitation; the average annual temperature; the average monthly temperature of january; the average monthly minimum temperature of January; the average temperature of the coldest month; the warmth index and the coldness index, was matched up with the previous theories and reports on the freezing damages on the evergreen broad leaved trees and Machilus thunbergii Siebold & Zucc. The freezing injury of Machilus thunbergii Siebold & Zucc was occurred when the mean minimum temperature of the coldest month(TMC) in winter season fell down below $-4.1^{\circ}C$ and the temperature fell down below $-9.2^{\circ}C$. The freezing damage on Machilus thunbergii Siebold & Zucc surrounded by high buildings were less than those surrounded by low buildings or at non buildings.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.965-975
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• 2004

The writer reviewed on Chojop and came to conclusions as follows. Symptoms of Chojop is appeared digestive ailment such as belching, nausea, regurgitation of acid, stomachache etc., if being serious, felt oppressed with palpitating in chest and uneasiness at times. In Dangaesimbub written by Chujinhyung, the causes of Chojop were mainly regarded as phlegmatic fire(痰火) and suggested the way of treatment. The causes of Chojop are movable fire with phlegm, insufficiency of blood caused by thinking to excess, and Shinyanghohan(腎陽虛汗) that is piled cold phlegm by voidance and coldness of Renal Yang, but the main cause is brought to a conclusion as phlegmatic fire. The phlegmatic fire is come from being in discord with the spleen and the stomach, or from in harmony between vigor and blood according to essence and vital energy which are disturbed by combined feelings. That is caused by disharmony between inner and outer conditions according to individuals. The distinctive features in shapes of Chojop are revealed to shapes such as manlike woman, womanlike man, wearing darkish or reddish color between two eyebrows, being almond eyed, strong eyebrows, being sunk the upper part of the nose bridge, lots of facial blots, Dam-body, Ki type, Shin type, Birds group, and Yangmyung type. The doctors can prescribe Whadamchungwhatang to Yangmyung type, Yanghyulsamul-tang for patients with strong eyebrows so flourishing blood and vigor, Hyangsapyungwuisan for patients belong to Birds group, Soshikchungul-tang for Ki type, and Palmiwhan for man belonged to Bangkwang-body with voidance and coldness of Renal Yang chiefly.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제16권1호통권29호
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• pp.21-35
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• 1995

The female's part-cold hypersensitivity syndrome is a disease which the oriental people better than the western people suffer from and if it would be sick for a long time, it could bring into the other diseases. In the Oriental Medicine, the coldness is regarded as one of the most important causes which induce female's diseases. Nowadays the number of the female patients are ascending that serously appeal the coldness-sense and pain-sense at the particular part of the body, for example, hand, foot, abdomen, waist, external genital portion and so on. These are caused by female's own characteristics of the menstration and delivery, and the influence of the circumstances. The Oriental Medicine have better effects by the diagnosis and treatment according per symptom in the contrast with the Western Medicine having difficulties in the point of accurate diagnosis and treatment. This epidemiologic study was undertaken by using specifically designed questionair and physical examination to evaluate the incidence and degree of female's part-cold hypersensitivity syndrome in 362 parous women, Who were randomly selected among the patients visiting the Department of Gynecology, Kyung Hee Medical Center from Feb. to Jul. 1995. The results were as follows: 1. The overall incident of female's part-cold hypersensitivity syndrome was 92.8%. 2. Subdivision of 336 patients was made according to severity Grade I - 31.9%, severity Grade II - 46.9%, severity Grade III - 21.4%. 3. As for the appealed portion of female's part-cold hypersensitivity syndrome, foot and hand, lower abdomen, knee, waist, hip, shoulder, leg, and ankle were in desending order. 4. As for the causes of female's part-cold hypersensitivity syndrome, it was deeply associated with the management of the abortion, delivery and puerperium. 5. The incidence of female's part-cold hypersensitivity syndrome did not show incerased tenency according to the quantity and quality of female's menstration, leukorrhea, and the increase of parity. 6. 165 patients among 336 patients wanted the treatments of the Oriental Medicine.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.112-124
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the various postpartum symptoms and the relevant factors. So it can provide fundamental data about postpartum health care. In conclusion, we can prevent and manage the postpartum disease by using this data. Methods: The subject of the present study was 94 women (63 women who completed vaginal delivery and 31 women who delivered by cesarean section) who completed labor between November 1, 2013 and January 31, 2016, at the clinic of OB&GYN. They have been taking good care of their health at postpartum clinic in Andong Woori Women Hospital. We investigated the various symptoms and situation which occurred from the moment of hospital to postnatal admission health care period, and Korean medical doctor examined the patients through the four examination methods. We classified the symptoms by maternal age, the frequency of maternal childbirth, the method of delivery, the delivery season, the term of pregnancy, the body weight of infant, the weight change of mother and the way of feeding. Results: There were no remarkable corelation in the frequency of symptoms according to maternal age, the way of delivery, the delivery season, the change of weight before and after of delivery, gestational weeks at delivery, the manner of feeding and the body weight of infants except for the frequency of maternal childbirth. Conclusion: The symptoms of hemorrhoids, the feeling of coldness and chilliness increased with increasing the frequency of maternal childbirth. Other circumstances, there was no relationship with symptoms of postpartum.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.144-155
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• 2007

1. Objectives The purpose of this study was to find the difference of ordinary and pathological symptoms according to Sasang Constitution. 2. Methods We recruited 418 subjects in the five oriental hospitals and researched normal symptoms and illness ones through a paper, who were diagnosed by the Sasang Constitution specialist in oriental hospital, who had remarkable improvement in their chief complain after Sasang Constitution medication. 3. Results 1) In ordinary symptoms, amount, speed and appetite items of Digestion are significantly different according to Sasang Constitution statistically(p<0.05). Feeling after evacuation of Feces, feeling after urination and yellow color of Urine, amount, feeling after sweat, location in hand/feet of Sweat, and in the others, Tireness in head, Drinking water, sensitivity, coldness in hand/feet, warmness in belly of Coldness/Warmness are also significantly different(p<0.05). 2) In pathological symptoms, palpitation, swelling and lack of appetite items are significantly different according to Sasang Constitution statistically(p<0.05). 3) In diseases, Hypertension and DM items are significantly different according to Sasang Constitution statistically(p<0.05). 4. Conclusions There were significantly difference items in ordinary, pathological symptoms and diseases according to Sasang Constitution.

• 대한한방체열의학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.52-56
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• 2002

Causes of infertility include a wide range of physical, as well as emotional factors. In Oriental medicine, women's infertility is believed to be caused by the deficiency of the Chung and Ren vessel. Then the Kidney Qi is collapsed and cold. Many infertility women complain the cold hypersensitivity and/or body coldness, especially on the lower abdomen, back and knee. The aim of this study is to examine the interrelationship between infertility and body surface temperature. The 25 infertility women were allocated as infertility group and 25 fertility women (experienced delivery or pregnancy), as control group at the Kangnam Korean Hospital, KyungHee University, Seoul, Korea, from April to December 2000. Thermographic observations for this study were made using the Dorex DITI on 3 different areas's cold hypersensitivity: lower abdomen, back and knee. All data were coded for computer analysis and significances were tested by Mann-Whitney Test. The mean ${\Delta}T$ for abdomen cold hypersensitivity was $0.25{\pm}1.77^{\circ}C$ On control group and $1.00{\pm}0.39^{\circ}C$, infertility group. The mean ${\Delta}T$ for back cold hypersensitivity was $1.75{\pm}0.40^{\circ}C$ on control group and $1.21{\pm}0.58^{\circ}C$, infertility group. The mean ${\Delta}T$ for knee cold hypersensitivity was $0.65{\pm}0.70^{\circ}C$ on control group and $1.32{\pm}0.58^{\circ}C$, infertility group. It was revealed that the cold hypersensitivity on the lower abdomen, back and knee are significantly inter-related to the women infertility. These results do not conflict with the view of Oriental medicine. According to the above results, it is concluded that the body surface temperature, cold hypersensitivity and/or body coldness, have a great effect on women infertility.

• 생태와환경
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.195-207
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• 2020

난온대 동백나무군강의 한국 내 분포 북한계는 연평균 기온 13℃와 14℃, 한랭지수 -10℃로 제안된 바 있다. 본 연구는 이들 기후요소의 지리적 공간분포 실체를 검토하였다. 세 기후요소의 공간분포 양상은 티센망법과 크리깅법으로 분석하였으며, 세 가지 기후도를 생산하여 난온대 주요 상록활엽수종의 현존분포와 그 대응성을 비교·분석하였다. 결과로 난온대 식생의 분포 북한계는 한랭지수 -10℃가 연평균기온 14℃보다 일치하였으나, 연평균기온 13℃가 더욱 정교한 일치를 보여주었다. 한반도에서 연평균기온 13℃를 북한계로 한 난온대 식생역의 잠재 분포 면적은 20,334 ㎢로 다른 두 온도요소의 경우보다 넓었다. 본 연구는 가공하지 않은 직접 기후요소인 연평균기온 13℃가 가공으로부터 생겨난 간접 기후요소인 한랭지수 -10℃보다 난온대 식생 분포 북한계에 대응하는 특정 온도 요소인 것으로 밝혀졌다. 더불어 식물구계학적 특정종의 평가 기준으로 사용되는 난온대 경계선에 대한 학술적 재고의 필요성이 대두되었다.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.46-56
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• 2015

Objectives : Cold hypersensitivity has been regarded to be associated with Autonomic Nervous System (ANS). This study aims to investigate the indicator of cold hypersensitivity of hands and evaluate the correlation between indicator of coldness of hands and Heart Rate Variability (HRV). Methods : We studied 55 patients with cold hypersensitivity of hands who visited in SeMyung University Hospital from 17 August 2015 to 21 August 2015. Thermometer and VAS scale were used for the diagnosis of cold hypersensitivity. After careful examination to rule out other disease which may affect thermometer and HRV data, patients were taken thermometer, those with thermal difference between upper arm (L4) and palm(P8), also asked to answer a VAS scale of cold hypersensitivity of hands, VAS more than 4 were enrolled for evaluation. Results : There was significant correlation between L4-P8 temperature difference and VAS score of cold hypersensitivity. In HRV data, normalized high frequency (HF normal) was significantly correlated with L4-P8 temperature difference, which was objective indicator of cold hypersensitivity of hands. Conclusions : L4-P8 temperature difference using thermometer is objective indicator of cold hypersensitivity, based on VAS scale. Cold hypersensitivity is highly related with ANS, regulating body heat and temperature. HRV is considered to be widely used in cold hypersensitivity in hands for evaluation of ANS.