• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.178-183
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• 2009

This study is designed to prove the role and effect of ethics codes in professional societies, especially for scientists and engineers working in R&D project groups. The hypotheses of influence on ethical conduct within the sample groups are tested and analyzed by statistical methods. Results show that the age of researchers and the integrity factor among the ethical conduct factors have significant influence on ethical conduct of research groups. The regression model of the ethical conduct factors also indicates a meaningful reference in an application or development of new ethics code in research organizations.

• 아동학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.185-200
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• 2016

Objective: This study examined the code of ethics, which offers guidelines for early childhood teachers' ethical decisions and practices. Results and Conclusion: In the second section of this paper, the meaning of the code of ethics is reviewed. The issues of the code of ethics are also investigated to resolve moral and ethical dilemmas and to maintain high standards of professional conduct in early childhood care and education. In the third section of this paper, a comparison of the ethical codes in South Korea, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States is conducted. Based on the results raised in relation to the code of ethics principles and the results of comparing domestic and international ethics codes, the fourth section of this paper focuses on three topics in the current and future direction of the Korean code of ethics: (a) concreteness and clarity, (b) switching from the viewpoint of least harm to the viewpoint of maximum benefit, and (c) the range of benefits of the code of ethics. Then, including the existence of the last two codes of ethics, we discuss the direction of future difficulties currently associated with the situation in Korea.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.1028-1033
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• 2014

The paper focuses on the clothing codes described in the Analects of Confucius, and explores the reasons for the rules setting up, including the rules of color, the design, the pattern, and even the material of the clothes whose distinct features reflect the ceremony and etiquette of the time in the classic, which are in correspondence with the requirements of Confucianism, especially for stressing the social rights, obligations and codes of conduct to everyone in the society.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2008년도 하계종합학술대회
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• pp.1135-1136
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• 2008

Error correcting codes (ECC) are widely used in all types of memory in industry, including caches and embedded memory. The focus in this paper is on studying of power consumption in memory ECCs circuitry that provides single error correcting and double error detecting (SEC-DED) designed by various evolution strategies. The methods are applied to two commonly used SEC-DED codes: Hamming and odd column weight Hsiao codes. Finally, we conduct some simulations to show the performance of the various methods.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.705-724
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• 2009

The two major widely used building design code documents of reinforced concrete structures are the ACI 318-05 and Eurocode for the Design of Concrete Structures EC2. Therefore, a thorough comparative analysis of the provisions of these codes is required to confirm their validity and identify discrepancies in either code. In this context, provisions of flexural computations would be particularly attractive for detailed comparison. The provisions of safety concepts, design assumptions, cross-sectional moment capacity, ductility, minimum and maximum reinforcement ratios, and load safety factors of both the ACI 318-05 and EC2 is conducted with parametric analysis. In order to conduct the comparison successfully, the parameters and procedures of EC2 were reformatted and defined in terms of those of ACI 318-05. This paper concluded that although the adopted rationale and methodology of computing the design strength is significantly different between the two codes, the overall EC2 flexural provisions are slightly more conservative with a little of practical difference than those of ACI 318-05. In addition, for the limit of maximum reinforcement ratio, EC2 assures higher sectional ductility than ACI 318-05. Overall, EC2 provisions provide a higher safety factor than those of ACI 318-05 for low values of Live/Dead load ratios. As the ratio increases the difference between the two codes decreases and becomes almost negligible for ratios higher than 4.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.959-965
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• 2024

The High Temperature Test Unit (HTTU) was an experimental set-up to conduct separate and integral effects tests of the Pebble Bed Modular Reactor (PBMR) core. The annular core consisted of a randomly packed bed of uniform spheres. Natural convection tests using both nitrogen and helium, and forced convection tests using nitrogen, were conducted. The maximum material temperature achieved during forced convection testing was 1200 ℃. This paper presents the numerical analysis of the flow and temperature distribution for a forced convection test using 3D CFD as well as a 1D systems-CFD computer code. Several modelling approaches are possible, ranging from a fully explicit to a semi-implicit method that relies on correlations of their associated phenomena. For the comparison between codes, the analysis was performed using a porous media approach, where the conduction and radiative heat transfer were lumped together as an effective thermal conductivity and the convective heat transfer was correlated between the solid and gas phases. The results from both codes were validated against the experimental measurements. Favourable results were obtained, in particular by the systems-CFD code with minimal computational and time requirements.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.124-127
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• 2015

Purpose: This article discusses nurses' moral dilemma and self-cultivation from the Foucauldian viewpoint. Methods: The philosophical inquiry approach is utilized to analyze the nurses' moral distress. Analyses are based on Foucauldian perspectives. Results: Foucault's codes of conduct comprising the mode of subjection and telos are discussed to explain nurses' moral dilemma. The dual process of caring is also discussed. Conclusion: From dilemmatic experience, nurses practice self-formation or self-cultivation to become more virtuous, well-balanced, or integrated people. Such characteristics form the essence of nursing practice.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.14-21
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• 2015

Design lifetime of a wind turbine is required to be at least 20 years. The most important step to ensure the deign is to evaluate the loads on the wind turbine as accurately as possible. In this study, extreme design load of a offshore wind turbine using Garrad Hassan (GH) Bladed and National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) FAST codes are calculated considering structural dynamic loads. These wind turbine aeroelastic analysis codes are high efficiency for the rapid numerical analysis scheme. But, these codes are mainly based on the mathematical and semi-empirical theories such as unsteady blade element momentum (UBEM) theory, generalized dynamic wake (GDW), dynamic inflow model, dynamic stall model, and tower influence model. Thus, advanced CFD-dynamic coupling method is also applied to conduct cross verification with FAST and GH Bladed codes. If the unsteady characteristics of wind condition are strong, such as extreme design wind condition, it is possible to occur the error in analysis results. The NREL 5 MW offshore wind turbine model as a benchmark case is practically considered for the comparison of calculated designed loads. Computational analyses for typical design load conditions such as normal turbulence model (NTM), normal wind profile (NWP), extreme operation gust (EOG), and extreme direction change (EDC) have been conducted and those results are quantitatively compared with each other. It is importantly shown that there are somewhat differences as maximum amount of 18% among numerical tools depending on the design load cases.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.25-31
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• 2016

Gaskets are usually used for the sealing of flange joints. The joint is usually composed of two flanges, a ring gasket and clamping bolts. The metal ring gasket is suitable for pipe flanges, pumps and valve joints in high temperature and high pressure environments. A very high surface stress is developed between a ring type joint gasket and the flange groove when the ring type joint is bolted up in a flange. The dimensions of flanges and ring joint gaskets for the pipe sizes that are in common use are specified in the ANSI codes. However, sometimes it is necessary to make a new design for the flange joint which is not specified in the codes, as the equipment is getting larger and larger in size. This paper presents the contact behavior of Class 600 ring joint gaskets with oval and octagonal cross sections. Five different sizes of gaskets are employed in the analysis, and one of them is newly designed on the basis of analysis results obtained from existing models. Three load steps are used to find the stress, stain and contact pressure etc., and to compare the contact characteristics among the models due to the bolt clamping force and the working surface pressure. ANSYS Workbench version15 is used to conduct the finite element analysis.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.357-380
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• 2015

In this study, a simple indeterminate strut-tie model which reflects complicated characteristics of the ultimate structural behavior of continuous reinforced concrete deep beams was proposed. In addition, the load distribution ratio, defined as the fraction of applied load transferred by a vertical tie of truss load transfer mechanism, was proposed to help structural designers perform the analysis and design of continuous reinforced concrete deep beams by using the strut-tie model approaches of current design codes. In the determination of the load distribution ratio, a concept of balanced shear reinforcement ratio requiring a simultaneous failure of inclined concrete strut and vertical steel tie was introduced to ensure the ductile shear failure of reinforced concrete deep beams, and the primary design variables including the shear span-to-effective depth ratio, flexural reinforcement ratio, and compressive strength of concrete were reflected upon. To verify the appropriateness of the present study, the ultimate strength of 58 continuous reinforced concrete deep beams tested to shear failure was evaluated by the ACI 318M-11's strut-tie model approach associated with the presented indeterminate strut-tie model and load distribution ratio. The ultimate strength of the continuous deep beams was also estimated by the experimental shear equations, conventional design codes that were based on experimental and theoretical shear strength models, and current strut-tie model design codes. The validity of the proposed strut-tie model and load distribution ratio was examined through the comparison of the strength analysis results classified according to the primary design variables. The present study associated with the indeterminate strut-tie model and load distribution ratio evaluated the ultimate strength of the continuous deep beams fairly well compared with those by other approaches. In addition, the present approach reflected the effects of the primary design variables on the ultimate strength of the continuous deep beams consistently and reasonably. The present study may provide an opportunity to help structural designers conduct the rational and practical strut-tie model design of continuous deep beams.