• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.15-24
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• 2014

This research investigates the characteristics, principles, advantages, factors and problems of cluster development in Kazakhstan, and identifies the prerequisites, conditions and stages of organizing clusters on the framework of special economic zones. In this research, we used methods, which will allow analyzing of the organization industrial clusters in special economic zones in Kazakhstan. The author studied international experience of cluster development and the efficiency of the use of the model of the "rhombus effect" with account the specific features of interaction between the participants of the cluster, analysis of the legal framework for the formation and development of clusters. These have been identified as the more important or strategically necessary clusters in Kazakhstan: innovation-technological cluster, innovation-education cluster, innovation-petrochemical cluster, innovative-metallurgical cluster, transport and logistics cluster, textile industry cluster, tourism cluster, agro cluster, construction cluster, medical and pharmaceutical cluster. Firstly, the results suggest that the interaction of science, education, business and government in the development and implementation of innovation policy is not sufficiently structured to provide a balanced representation of the interests of the range of various innovative enterprises in Kazakhstan. Secondly, the legal basis of cluster development in Kazakhstan is determined. Need to develop mechanisms for the implementation of promising direction. Thirdly, the clusters can be formed in the existing special economic zones, allowing them to get right to the mass production of high-tech products that are developed.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.227-233
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• 2019

The study examines how business conditions, demand conditions and the role of government can influence the development of batik clusters in Pekalongan. This research is expected to be able to provide recommendations for both employers and local governments in order to help in optimizing the development of batik clusters. The research applied a quantitative research by engaging multiple regression analysis as an effort to understand the effect of the relationship between independent and dependent variables. In addition, this research was conducted in three largest batik clusters in Pekalongan, Indonesia namely batik cluster of Pasindon, Kauman, and Jenggot. These results indicate that business conditions positively affect the batik clusters development. It implies that the greater both business conditions in a cluster will lead the better the development. Indeed, the demand conditions also have an impact on the cluster development. This finding remarked that demand conditions are variable that need to be considered to development of batik cluster. Lastly, Government's role is confirmed that positively related to the Development of Batik Clusters. It implies that the more active the government's role in a cluster will have a good impact on the development of the cluster in certain area.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.243-266
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• 2015

본 연구는 멕시코의 산업 클러스터 발전에 대하여 멕시코 타마울리파스 주(州)의 전기-전자 클러스터(electric-electronics cluster)의 사례를 살펴보았다. 타마울리스파스 주(州)의 전기-전자 클러스터는 멕시코의 무역 자유화 이후에 증가한 다국적 기업 중심의 클러스터라고 할 수 있다. 연구 결과로서 타마울리파스 주(州)의 전기-전자 클러스터는 초기 형성 단계이며 다국적 기업의 공장인 마킬라 공장의 실제적인 수요가 관련 교육 및 인력 양성 등 클러스터 형성과 발전의 주요한 동인이 되고 있다. 지역 멕시칸 납품업체를 포함하는 일부 지역 경제 주체에 대해서는 클러스터에서 그 연계가 아직 강하지 않다. 본 연구에서는 타마울리파스 주(州)의 전기-전자 클러스터의 발전 방안에 대한 연구 결과도 제시된다.

• 기술혁신학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.373-395
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• 2004

In year 2003, the Daedeok Science Town(DST) has celebrated its 30 years of anniversary and achievement in science and technology development. However, there is a criticism that DST has not played its expected role in Korea's National Innovation System. Recognizing this criticism, the development of DST was evaluated in the perspective of innovation cluster. The research shows that DST has been following the downstream path of evolution - from S＆T development to business development - and is in the early stage of R＆D-driven Innovation Cluster. Not only the development factors of DST innovation cluster were identified but the DST was compared with other internationally recognized innovation clusters. Finally, it is suggested that the business related functions should receive due attention in innovation cluster policy.

• World Technopolis Review
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.98-107
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• 2016

By highlighting the efficiencies gained from regional specialization, the cluster concept has distracted economic development officials from their traditional role of diversifying regional and local economies. Clustering was a viable strategy for much of the 18 years following its original appearance in the literature. Now, two events cast doubt on the continued viability of cluster-based specialization. First, the digital convergence has blurred the boundaries that once separated one industry from another. An industry cluster strategy becomes difficult when the industry cannot be defined. Second, many cluster initiatives fail. Combining literature search with the system-theoretic notions of efficiency and redundancy, we find many factors moderate cluster success. This implies regions facing uncertain success in their cluster-building efforts should thoroughly understand their unique circumstances and build upon them. Regions with successful clusters are advised to aim for multiple related clusters or superclusters.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.167-181
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• 2006

This paper reviews regional innovation policy in Japan. 'Technopolis' policy, the first technology-based regional development policy in the world, was implemented in Japan. Nonetheless, technology-based regional endogenous development did not occur. Then, regional technology transfer was pursued. In order to make use of universities and public research institutes in a region for development, university-industry collaboration and cross-over, such as university spin-offs, were promoted. Within this background, new technology-based regional development policies have been introduced based on a cluster approach. These policies are the knowledge cluster Initiative and the industrial cluster program. However, existing companies have difficulty in carrying out innovation. This paper argues that a cluster to create new start-ups that carry out innovation is also needed and explains a new concept of venturing cluster. Based on this new cluster concept, this paper analyzes the situation of Sapporo in Japan, where many university spin-offs are being created in the biotechnology field.

• 농촌계획
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.33-45
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• 2005

This study investigates the core elements of the formation and development of cluster using a multi-disciplinary approach and suggests a promoting strategy by development stage of cluster. As a sub-category of regional innovation system, the cluster has been considered as one of the most noticeable methodological argument to make the regional innovation system come true. In the meantime, this study examines the core elements of cluster shown in the theories and examples through six academic fields such as economics, geography, regional development, business administration, sociology and pedagogy and their educational back-ground. By means of establishing the incubation stage in the development of cluster, core elements are composed in the stages of birth, incubation and evolution in subsequent manner. A promoting strategy will be suggested through the implication of core elements in the reestablished stages.

• World Technopolis Review
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.87-103
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• 2015

This paper aims to explore how firms develop and grow in regional clusters based in a developing country. The argument is that start-ups / small and large firms are able to grow by developing linkages or networks for resources within clusters - and this tenet is based on studies of firms that are based from such clusters as Silicon Valley in the US, Cambridge in UK and other clusters from which have evolved over long periods of time. Most of the time we hear narratives from the developed world where there are brownfield cluster development efforts. In developing countries governments are making efforts to develop clusters from scratch - which in this paper we term as greenfield cluster versus a brownfield development, which is where the cluster is developed based on existing and new organisations in a region. In this paper, we believe the context of clusters can be important in determining the way firms develop linkages for their growth - and we look at two contexts in Malaysia ie. A greenfield cluster and a brownfield cluster. The paper presents findings from case studies of firms in a greenfield cluster (Cyberjaya) and a brown field cluster (Penang) in Malaysia. The cases reveal fairly different approaches to development of linkages or networks, which we hope will provides insights to cluster development officials and policy makers and implications to researchers for developing studies of clusters and innovation systems.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.634-646
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• 2009

본 연구는 클러스터의 역동성과 발전과정을 다규모적 접근법으로 분석하였다. 지역발전에서 지역 내부의 네트워크와 내생적 발전을 강조한 논의나 글로벌 네트워크와 조직의 역할을 강조한 논의는 모두 한계를 가지며, 외부적이고 직접적인 국가 정책이 클러스터의 역동성과 발전 과정에 미치는 역할은 과소평가되었다. 특히 강력한 정부 정책이 급속한 산업화를 이끌어온 한국의 경우 클러스터의 발전 과정에서도 국가 정책이 중요한 역할을 했다. 울산 자동차 클러스터, 대덕 연구 클러스터, 동대문 패션 클러스터의 사례에서 그 생성과 발전과정에 영향을 미친 지역 차원, 글로벌 차원의 다양한 요인들과 함께 국가 정책의 영향이 분석되었다.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.550-569
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 중국 베이징시(북경시(北京市)) 중관촌(中關村) 클러스터를 사례로 첨단산업 연구개발 네트워크의 특성을 기업간, 산 학, 산 연, 산 관에 초점을 두고 고찰하였다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 중관촌(中關村) 클러스터 기업의 국제경쟁력을 제고시키기 위해서는 연구개발의 강화가 요구된다. 기업의 연구개발 네트워크 실태를 조사한 결과를 살펴보면, 조사 대상 기업들은 현재에도 어느 정도는 연구개발 네트워크가 활성화되고 있다. 특히 기업의 협력 대상별 연구개발 네트워크의 내용에 있어서 차이는 있으나, 기업들은 다양한 내용으로 연구개발 네트워크를 이용하고 있다. 그러나 연구개발 네트워크가 어느 정도 자리잡은 수준에 이르고 있지만 아직까지 기업들이 연구개발 네트워크를 구축하는데 많은 애로가 있는 것이 사실이다. 따라서 본문은 기업들이 연구개발 네트워크를 형성하는데 애로점을 해결하기 위해 개선방안을 제시하였다.