• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.125-131
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• 2006

The inhibitory effects of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a major compound of green tea, on the development of locomotor sensitization, conditioned place preference (CPP) and dopamine receptor supersensitivity induced by the repeated administration of morphine were investigated in mice. A single administration of morphine produces hyperlocomotion. The repeated administration of morphine develops sensitization, a progressive enhancement of locomotion, which is used as a model for studying the craving and drug-seeking behaviors characterizing addiction, and CPP, which is used as a model for studying drug reinforcement, respectively. EGCG inhibited morphine-induced hyperlocomotion, sensitization and CPP. In addition, EGCG inhibited the development of postsynaptic dopamine receptors supersensitivity, which may be an underlying common mechanism that mediates the morphine-induced dopaminergic behaviors such as sensitization and CPP. Apomorphine (a dopamine agonist)-induced climbing behaviors also were inhibited by a single direct administration of EGCG These results provide evidence that EGCG has anti-dopaminergic activity, as inhibiting the development of dopamine receptor supersensitivity and apomorphine-induced climbing behaviors. Therefore, it is suggested that green tea may be useful for the prevention and therapy of these adverse actions of morphine.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.191-195
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• 2019

This paper presents a rope modeling and verification for the robotic platform of the wall cleaning robot (ROPE RIDE). ROPE RIDE has the characteristics of climbing up and down using a rope fixed on the roof like traditional workers. In order to perform a stable operation with a wall cleaning robot, it is necessary to estimate the position of the robot in a vertical direction. However, due to the high coefficient of extension and nonlinearity of the climbing rope, it is difficult to predict the behavior of the rope. Thus, in this paper, the mathematical modeling of the rope was carried out through the preliminary experiment. Extensive experiments using different types of rope were used to determine the parameters of the constitutive equation of climbing ropes. The validity of the determined parameters of various ropes was verified through the experiment results.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.370-374
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• 2002

Administration of dopamine agonist, apomorphine (2 mg/kg, s.c.), produces cage climbing behavior in mice that exhibit typical dopaminergic stimulation. The present study investigated the pCREB expression level in several brain regions following apomorphine treatment in order to determine whether the increased the dopaminergic activation produced by apomorphine accompanies the changes in pCREB immunoreactivity. A mouse brain was removed at 0min, 10 min, 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, 7 h, and 24 h after apomorphine treatment. The brain tissue was fixed by an intracardiac perfusion with ice-cold 4％ paraformaldehyde in PBS. Immunohistochemical study was conducted using the ABC-DAB method. The data showed that the immunoreactivity of pCREB increased in the striatum, nucleus-accumbens, piriform cortex and the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus of a mouse brain 30 min after the apomorphine treatment. Increased immunoreactivity began to diminish 2 h after the apomorphine treatment in all the brain regions measured. The time course for the pCREB immunoreactivity was similar to the behavioral response induced by the apomorphine treatment. These results suggest that activation of the dopamine receptor is accompanied by an increase in pCREB expression in the mouse brain.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.181-192
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to examine the outdoorwear satisfaction of silver consumers and their purchase behavior according to age. The survey participants in this study were 100 elders who were climbing the Bukhan mountain; 68 among them were new silver group in range of 55-64 years old. As the subjects were old people who had a relatively low level of cognitive ability, self-administration method and interview were employed together. The collected data were analyzed with t-Test and x2 -test. The results follow: the new silver group had purchased more and spent more money on outdoorwear. The brand recognition, purchase place, purchase criteria, and dissatisfaction factors of silver groups were different from those from new silver groups. The quality and design/color were thought to be needed for improvement for a new silver group, while quality and comfort/wearability were for silver group.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.111-121
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• 2011

Intelligent video analysis systems require techniques which can predict accidents and provide alarms to the monitoring personnel. In this paper, we present an abnormal behavior analysis technique based on adaptive background generation. More specifically, abnormal behaviors include fence climbing, abandoned objects, fainting persons, and loitering persons. The proposed video analysis system consists of (i) background generation and (ii) abnormal behavior analysis modules. For robust background generation, the proposed system updates static regions by detecting motion changes at each frame. In addition, noise and shadow removal steps are also were added to improve the accuracy of the object detection. The abnormal behavior analysis module extracts object information, such as centroid, silhouette, size, and trajectory. As the result of the behavior analysis function objects' behavior is configured and analyzed based on the a priori specified scenarios, such as fence climbing, abandoning objects, fainting, and loitering. In the experimental results, the proposed system was able to detect the moving object and analyze the abnormal behavior in complex environments.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.47-55
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• 2012

This work deals with dynamic analysis of a monorail system with magnetic caterpillar where magnets are embedded inside each articulated element of the caterpillar, augmenting traction force of main rubber wheels to climb up slope up to 15 degree grade. Considerations are first given to determine stiffness of the primary and secondary suspension springs in order for the natural frequencies of car body and bogie associated with vertical, pitch, roll and yaw motion to be within generally accepted range of 1-2 Hz. Equations for calculating magnetic force needed to climb up given slope are derived, and a magnetic caterpillar system for 1/6 scale monorail is designed based on the derivation. To assess the hill climbing ability and cornering stability, and make sure smooth operation of the side and vertical guiding wheels which is critical for safety, a multibody model that takes into account of every component level design characteristics of car, bogie, and caterpillar is set up. Through hill climbing simulation and comparison with measurement of the limit slope, the validity of the analysis and design of the magnetic caterpillar system are demonstrated. Also by studying the curving behavior, maximum curving speed without rollover, functioning of lateral motion constraint system, the effects of geometry of guiding rails are studied.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.29 no.10
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• pp.904-910
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• 2006

The inhibitory effects of paeonol, a major compound of Paeoniae radix, on the development of locomotor sensitization, conditioned place preference (CPP) and dopamine receptor supersensitivity induced by the repeated administration of morphine were investigated through behavioral experiments. A single administration of morphine produces hyperlocomotion. Repeated administration of morphine develops sensitization (reverse tolerance), a progressive enhancement of locomotion, which is used as a model for studying the drug-induced drug-seeking behaviors, and CPP, which is used as a model for studying drug reinforcement. Paeonol inhibited morphine-induced hyperlocomotion, sensitization and CPP. In addition, paeonol inhibited the development of postsynaptic dopamine receptors supersensitivity, which may be an underlying common mechanism that mediates the morphine-induced dopaminergic behaviors such as sensitization and CPP. Apomorphine (a dopamine agonist)-induced climbing behaviors also were inhibited by a single direct administration of paeonol. These results provide evidence that paeonol exerts anti-dopaminergic activity, and it is suggested that paeonol may be useful for the prevention and therapy of these adverse actions of morphine.

• 한국데이터정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.267-278
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• 2006

The purpose of this research is to identify differences between characteristics of purchase behavior of outdoor wear consumers, demographic variables and mountain climbing related variables. The subjects of surveys are selected among men and women consumers having experiences of purchasing outdoor wear in ages from 20's to over 50's who live in the vicinity of Busan. Data and information collected are analyzed by using SPSS Program. Results from the analysis of purchasing purpose indicates that they buy outdoor wear conducive to two similar reasons; that is, "only to exercise and enjoy mountain climbing" and "either to wear it in time of climbing mountain or everyday life," and results from the analysis of purchase frequency reveals that '$1\sim2$ times'a you is the highest. Results from analysis of preference of brand of outdoor wear reveals that Kolon Sport is followed by the North Face and K2.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.177-185
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• 1997

This study analyzed the leisure activity and using behavior of neighbourhood facilities for the aged. For this purpose, this study is to compare the preferred characteristics of the leisure and neighbourhood facilities according to housing type and region (urban/rural), The data of this study was collected by questionaire methods from 225 elderlies. The statistical analysis methods used in this study are frequency, percentage, chisquare test and anova, The results are following, l)The elderlies show differences in daily life and social relationship by housing type. 2)In leisure activities, the apartment elderlies preferred to sport, tour, climbing and fishing rather than the detached housing elderdies. 3)Apartment have more neighbour facilities than detached housing. But using frequency of facilities is low. Especially, most of the elderlies think that medical facilities is very important.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.315-329
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine clothing purchase behavior of sports participants based on outdoor sports types and sports participation motivation. The research was conducted with the use of a self-administered questionnaire. A total of 703 respondents between the ages of 25 and 55 participated in the research through an internet survey. Motivation for participation in particular sports was comprised of four factors: impress others, mental rejuvenation, social interaction, and health maintenance/improvement. Perceived benefits of clothing choice were categorized into three factors: brand/fashion pursuit, positive image pursuit, and practicality pursuit. Outdoor sports activities was categorized into six types, climbing, jogging, cycling, fishing, golf, and others including ball games. Each sports group presented differences in demographics, sports motivation factors, and benefit factors. Four segments were identified based on sports participation motivation: active group, social group, health and revitalization group, and inactive group. The active group considered three clothing benefits and 14 evaluative criteria as being the most important among the four segments, indicating the major target market for outdoor sportswear brands. On the other hand, the members of inactive group showed passive attitudes toward clothing purchasing behaviors. This study discusses the results of this research within the context of the managerial implication for outdoor sports marketers.