• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.27 no.4 s.48
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• pp.793-805
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• 1994

Investigating the existence of volume-outcome relationships for specific disease groups relates directly to the policy issue of whether, and how, specific inpatient services should be regionalized. This study examined whether medical costs and lengths of stay as outcomes were affected by changes in volume within hospitals. Based on the claims data obtained from National Federation of Medical Associations, each six disease categories from medical and surgical conditions were selected and 29,720 cases from 1,266 hospitals were analyzed. Main findings of the research can be summarized as follows: 1. Analyzing volume and cost per case relationship, tonsillectomy class 1, hernia procedure class 0, appendectomy and cesarean section class 0,1 in surgical conditions showed negative relationship significantly. In cases of medical conditions, costs per case in respiratory neoplasm class 2, COPD class 1, 2, digestive malignancy were also related to volume negtively. 2. Comparing volume with length of stay per case, lens procedure class 0, hernia procedure class 0, appendectomy class 0,1, cesarean section class 1 in surgical conditions showed negative relationships significantly. In medical conditions, volume of respiratory neoplasm class 2, COPD class 1,2, digestive malignancy class 0 were associated with negatively. 3. Within same disease categories, changes in cost and length of stay per case to volume were more remarkable in severe cases. These results suggested a significant inverse relationship between disease cases and cost, length of stay per case as outcome variables.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.3668-3674
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• 2009

Use case diagram is used for defining inter-action between users and systems in object-oriented modeling. It is very important to defining users' requirements for efficient software development. In this paper, we propose a object-oriented modeling process using hierarchical use case analysis for designing class model. First, We define many use case diagrams by several hierarchical modeling level. And next, we can also design class model using the use case diagrams. Our proposed modeling process provides interaction between use case model and class model. That can make us to check the modeling process during the software development. Using the proposed object-oriented modeling we can develop software based on users' requirements. It is very useful for class modeling.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.69-80
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• 2022

In this study, the application of flipped learning methodology to thermodynamics in mechanical engineering was examined, and how university students view flipped learning and the effects of flipped learning were analyzed. To analyze the effects of flipped learning, pre-class survey, assessment on learning in pre-class, team activities during class, and post-class survey were conducted. The analysis was also conducted on 33 students who took the thermodynamics course in mechanical engineering, and the PARTNER flipped learning model was applied to the class. The results of this study are as follows; In the preliminary survey, the students expected that the flip-learning class with team activities and teaching between team members would be helpful in improving their learning. In addition, students recognized that cooperative learning through a team was helpful for learning. The case reflecting the result of pre-learning evaluation to the subject grades showed higher pre-learning evaluation results than the case not reflecting the result of the pre-learning evaluation to the subject grades, and it was found that the pre-learning evaluation was acting as a factor to promote learning in pre-class. In post-class survey, the satisfaction with the flipped learning class was high, indicating that the effectiveness of the flipped learning class applied to the thermodynamics class was excellent.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2023

Digital transformation is accelerating in all industries due to COVID-19 and rapidly developing ICT technology. In the field of education, teaching methods that combine various IT devices and software technologies are being applied. The education requires a future learning environment using EduTech such as digital learning tools. We perform a case study on the use of digital learning tools for effective class. In this study, digital learning tools were applied to an university class. The class was held in the second semester of 2022 at A university, with 67 students participating. In our case, QuizN, Mentimeter, and Google Forms were applied as digital learning tools. In order to evaluate our case, a survey was conducted using the Google Questionnaire. From the results of the survey evaluation, more than 85% of all survey questions answered that they were satisfied. From it, digital learning tools were shown to be effective in class operation.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.215-221
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• 2023

If the C++ programming class, an object-oriented language capable of modeling similar to the real world, is developed as a curriculum that introduces the flipped learning model, students' active problem-solving skills can be cultivated. In this subject development case, it is significant that the flipped learning technique was applied to the programming class and was effective in improving students' active problem-solving skills. First, the lectures in the 4th session were divided into Pre-Class, In-Class, and Post-Class, and the class was conducted in a way that suggested class goals suitable for the subject and formed a team to discuss. At the end of the lecture, a follow-up survey was conducted to check whether the learners learned effectively.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics A
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• v.32A no.12
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• pp.9-24
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• 1995

In this paper, we proposed and analysed two kinds of priority control mechanism to archive the cell loss rate requirement and the delay requirement of each class. The service classes of our concern are the high time priority class(class 1) and the high loss priority class(class 2). Two kinds of priority control mechanism is divided by the method of storing the arriving class 2 cell in buffer on case of buffer full. The first one is the method which discarding the arriving class 2 cell, the second one is the mothod which storing the arriving class 2 cell on behalf of pushing out the class 1 cell in buffer. In the proposed priority schemes, one cell of the class 1 is transmitted whenever the maximum K cells of the class 2 is transmitted on case of transmitting the class 1 cell and the class 2 cell sequentially. In this paper, we analysed the cell loss rate and the mean cell delay for each class of the proposed priority scheme by using the Markov chain. The analytical results show that the characteristic of the mean cell delay becomes better for the class 1 cell and that of the cell loss rate becomes better for the class 2 cell by selecting properly the cell transfer ratio according to the condition of input traffic.

• 한국IT서비스학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.157-160
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• 2008

The recent successes of systems like Google, Wikipedia and InnoCentive suggest that the time is now ripe for more such systems. Thus, we want to explore these systems and exploit them from a viewpoint of social psychology prior to technological progress. First of all, we examine the difference between 'wisdom of crowds' and 'crowd psychology'. There are two classes, which are for senior management major students. Conditions of two are same, except a class time. Forty five students in one class are tested for this experiment. They form a group with five people and are divided into 9 groups. In a case of a morning class, peer-to-peer evaluations are given to individuals in a class when a group presentation for a final project is given. On the other hand, in a case of afternoon class, peer-to-peer evaluations are given to each group in a class. The result is quite fruitful. The first is that an expert's evaluation for a project agrees with students, who are beginners in this field in the degree of more than 95%. However, in the case of afternoon class, students' group evaluation turns out to agree with an expert's one less than 53%. Morning class experiment result proves the truth of collective intelligence again. It tunrs out independent and confidential opinions are more cost effective and give right answers to questions than group opinions.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2014

This paper proposes an emotion classifier from EEG signals based on Bayes' theorem and a machine learning using a perceptron convergence algorithm. The emotions are represented on the valence and arousal dimensions. The fast Fourier transform spectrum analysis is used to extract features from the EEG signals. To verify the proposed method, we use an open database for emotion analysis using physiological signal (DEAP) and compare it with C-SVC which is one of the support vector machines. An emotion is defined as two-level class and three-level class in both valence and arousal dimensions. For the two-level class case, the accuracy of the valence and arousal estimation is 67% and 66%, respectively. For the three-level class case, the accuracy is 53% and 51%, respectively. Compared with the best case of the C-SVC, the proposed classifier gave 4% and 8% more accurate estimations of valence and arousal for the two-level class. In estimation of three-level class, the proposed method showed a similar performance to the best case of the C-SVC.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.68-77
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• 2019

This study dealt with a case study on the application of flipped learning to solid mechanics in college of engineering and analyzed the results of Pre-class survey, In-class activities, and Post-class survey to examine the effects of flipped learning. Total sample size of the analysis was 32 students who applied for solid mechanics in mechanical engineering department, consisting of 23 students in sophomore, five in junior and four in senior. The class was operated in three stages: Pre-class, In-class, and Post-class. The response of the students was observed at each stage of the class. According to the results, flipped learning was effective in learning knowledge of major subjects in engineering, and students actively participated in class activities and conducted smooth discussions with team members. Flipped learning has also improved students' class concentration and academic ability. Most of the students have expressed their intention to take classes or actively recommend other students when the classes are held. Effective classes will require systematic discussion guidance because flipped learning is closely related to discussion activities.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.415-416
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• 1975

1. The author have had a case of class V and class Ⅲ combined carious lesion extended on to root surface of upper right lateral incisor. 2. The patient was 40 years old female. 3. After routine root canal treatment of the tooth, the gingival flap was made by vertical incision on gingival tissue between distal surface of upper right lateral incisor and mesial surface of upper right canine. 4. Cavity preparation and amalgam filling on the carious lesion were performed and the flap was sutured.