• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.299-311
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• 1994

The new course distances of a ship are one of the important factors of the safety handling as the indices to indicate directly her abilities of course alteration. Recently, International Maritime Organization (IMO) exhorts that all vessels should use maneuvering booklets in which are drawn the curves of new course distances obtained from the test of measuring them and noted other maneuvering performance standard in various navigation conditions. This paper describes the method to calculate many new course distances for many rudder angles by turning circle test without observation or using other calculating methods. The main results are as follows: 1) The mean difference of the distances between two new course distances by the turning circle test and heading test of the experimental ship was about 7.7% vaules of the ones by the heading test. when her altering angles were $48^{\circ}$, $63^{\circ}$and $70^{\circ}$, using the rudder angle of $35^{\circ}$ . These new course distances were therefore found to be small in difference of those. 2) The mean difference of the distance between two new course distances by the turning circle test and the maneuvering indices of the experimental ship was about 4.5% values of the ones by the maneuvering indices, when her altering angles were $48^{\circ}$, $63^{\circ}$and $70^{\circ}$, using the rudder angle of $35^{\circ}$, these new course distances were therefore found to be small in difference of those. 3) The mean difference of the distance between two new course distances by the turning circle test and the observation of the experimental ship was about 6.1% values of the ones by the observation, when her altering angles were $48^{\circ}$, $63^{\circ}$and $70^{\circ}$, using the rudder angle of $35^{\circ}$. These new course distances were therefore found to be small in difference of those. 4) It is confirmed that many new course distances for many angles can be calculated easily by using the method of ship's simple turning circle test, without observation or using the maneuvering indices and heading test method. 5) It is considered to be helpful for the safety of ship handling to draw curves of new course distances by turning circle test and $\phi_4$ - $\phi_2 by heading test, and utilize them at sea.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.277-284
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• 2015

Purpose: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of circle contact lens wearing on visual quality of the eyes after a refractive surgery. Methods: The objective visual quality was evaluated for 40 eyes who did not get refractive surgery and 30 eyes who got a refractive surgery after applying plano circle contact lenses on their eyes, respectively. Modulation transfer function (MTF), objective scatter index (OSI) and the focusing ratio on retina (Strehl ratio) were measured by using optical quality analysis system (OQAS) and the correlation between pupil size and objective visual quality was analyzed by measuring the pupil size. Results: When wearing circle contact lens on the eyes after refractive surgery, MTF and Strehl ratio were reduced and OSI was increased compared with the eyes without refractive surgery. The eyes after a refractive surgery showed more significant difference changes in MTF, OSI and Strehl ratio according to the pupil size compared with those without refractive surgery. Conclusions: The results showed that wearing of circle contact lens after the refractive surgery has deteriorated the objective visual quality based on the quality of focused image on the retina. Therefore, we suggest that sufficient understanding and consideration about the deterioration of visual quality is necessary in the case of circle contact lens wearing after refractive surgery.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.195-217
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to develop educational programs of STEAM-based project under the theme of "Photography of Earth" for the circle activities of the creative experiential activity, to be applied this program to them and to identify technology subject self-efficacy and change in attitude toward engineering. In order to achieve the research objectives, this program was applied to middle school student in Cheonan, STEAM-based circle during 9 class instruction. The results of this study are as follows. First, the STEAM program contents for circle activities were selected through utilizing a five-stage design model(preparation, design, development, implementation and evaluation) and analyzing the curriculum. After that we have developed a teaching plan, STEAM-Story, student activity sheets from the viewpoint of cultural fusion and have applied the circle activities of the creative experiential Activity during 4 months. Second, The result of the test(pre- and post-test) about STEAM program that has been developed were different about technology subject self-efficacy and attitude toward engineering. Therefore, we have verified that the effect of the STEAM-based project under the theme of "Photography of Earth" for the circle activities on the attitudes toward engineering and self-efficacy in middle school is effective.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.24 no.7
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• pp.595-603
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• 2003

The study investigated the effect of a social constructivist model on changes of concept on 103 4th graders in three elementary schools. In particular, it analyzed whether the application of a concept circle map developed student understanding of the concept. After a one month study period, the 103 students took a pencil and paper test on changes of concepts learned. The results indicated that the social constructivist model positively influenced student concept development. In conclusion, a concept circle map used on a social constructivist model may be employed as a tool for diagnostic or formative evaluation.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.145-149
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• 2005

In a artificial hypermetropia with the accommodative response, we investigated a diameter of blur circle as a function of test lens refractive power. In a schematic eye model of the hypermetropia, the second focal length along to accommodated power of the crystal lens are calculated as a function of test lens power and, also distance between the retina and exit pupil are calculated as a function of accommodated power. As these results are compared, the size of blur circle on the retina are obtained.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.177-194
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• 2016

This study analyzed President Park's speeches and the government's industry policy in the field of information security using cognitive map. The relationship analysis between policy tool variables and policy goal variables was employed to derive revitalization strategy of information security. This paper found that entrepreneurship revitalization has very strong causality with expansion of domestic market and global market. But, on the other hand, HR development has very weak causality with job creation and future growth driver because the labor market in the information security industry is poor and its transfer rate to other industry is very high. This study showed that this cognitive map could be characterized by a scarcity of feedback loops and a strong emphasis on the positive loops in the structure of virtuous circle. In this paper, we also constructed a comprehensive cognitive map on the policy vision of information security, showing that there are a risk of cyber threat, an opportunity of new fusion security market, information security reinforcing circle, global economic circle, and domestic market circle.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.124-130
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to investigate friction characteristics according to micro-dimple patterns. The surface texturing of micro-dimple patterns was tested to examine the friction of pin-on-disk using flat-on-flat contact geometry. The patterns of both dimple circle and groove pattern were adopted to carry out the effect of those ones. In the low loads, such as 13.8N and 27.7N, the friction coefficients of groove pattern were lower than those of dimple circle pattern. In many other comparisons of normal loads, the groove pattern had lower friction forces, which showed the effect of surface texturing. The relationship between sliding time and friction forces showed that the increase of friction forces of groove pattern were relatively lower than those of dimple pattern. In conclusion, the dimple patterns of dimple-circle pattern and groove pattern strongly contributed to reducing the friction between contacting materials.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.561-582
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to share the right conception of win-win partnership innovative activity. This study suggests the desirable methodology to Win-win Partnership. Also, through the in-depth analyzing of the existing problems, we intend to exclude such a formal and erroneous direction of the research. Methods: This study systematically analyzes the best cases of the win-win partnership focusing on the proceedings of the companies participating in the field of win-win Partnership at the national quality-circle contest. Results: This study reveals the underlying problems of win-win partnership innovative activity and draws the conclusion in the way of improvement about the win-win partnership innovative activity. This study also suggests the efficient method of the function and improvement of a system for activating win-win partnership innovative activity. Conclusion: Promoting the effective way of boosting win-win partnership innovative activity, we seek to improve the quality of the product among the companies, and let the a rising curve of the mutual growth continue among the companies by strengthening the competitiveness.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.903-916
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• 2017

Purpose: The paper analyzes empirically the causal relationship between customer-oriented Quality circle activities and Business Performance for Korean service firms. We compare the operational characteristic behavior of the service firms and business performance. Methods: In this study, we used 3 variables, QC activities, Employee commitment and business performance. Especially, Service SME's QC Circle activities were analyzed in related with growth of company on the basis activities such as Leadership(team), improvement activity, Organizational learning, customer-focus activity and employee suggestion. Results: The result of analysis showed that employee commitment affected significantly on financial performance and non-financial performance and in turn, improvement activities, Organizational learning and customer-focus activity affected significantly on business performance (financial and non-financial). Conclusion: In the summary of the characteristics of this study based on the research results, first, segmenting the QCC activities in the service business into 5 elements can be considered to be differentiated from the existing researches in the aspect of utilizing the organization's objective-oriented variables differently from the researches utilized the variables related personal characteristics. Second, this study suggested the recent research results that suggested the problems of the QCC clearly, through which what new QC story approach was suggested has working level value in the aspect of activating the service QCC.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.36 no.7
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• pp.778-789
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• 2012

The characteristics of ancient gagye (the cubic hair style which added wigs or other materials to hair) that appeared in mural paintings were compared between Pyongyang and Jian in Goguryeo and the midlands, the northwest region, and the northeast region in China for the same period (Han to Weijin, and Northern and Southern Dynasties). Gagye in Korea and China was classified into circle type, hat type, high-bun type, and multi-bun type; in addition, Han elements, northern race elements, Goguryeo elements, and uniqueness were compared and analyzed according to regional distribution, trend periods, and style characteristics. The Han elements of ancient gagye in Korea and China appeared in the hat type, the high-bun type, and accessories that left the hair down. The northern race elements were found in the circle type and multi-bun type. The uniqueness of Goguryeo elements included a circle from the circle type, a triangle style from the hat type, an up-do style from the high burn type, and simplified hair accessories.