• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제13권12호
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• pp.1015-1021
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• 2004

This study was conducted to investigate the changes of chlorophyll contents and chlorophyll fluorescence in barley(Hordeum vulgare L.) 7 day old seedling treated with 0.2M, 0.4M, 0.6M, 0.8M, and 1.0M NaCI concentration containing Hepes buffer(pH 7.5). Barley was affected by NaCI treatment. The chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid of barley decreased with an increase in NaCI concentration. However, chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid of barley were not greatly influenced by o.8M and 1.0M NaCl. Fv, Fv/Fm and qP were gradually decreased by higher concentration of NaCI. qP, qNP, qR and qE were gradually decreased by 6hr. During barley chloroplast was development NaCI affected chlorophyll synthesis than photosynthetic activity. Whereas barley seedling leaves were more influenced photosynthetic activity than chlorophyll contents by NaCI.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.283-295
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• 2007

We investigated the longitudinal variations in zooplankton abundances and their related physicochemical properties at nine stations located between $136^{\circ}W$ and $128^{\circ}W$ at $10.5^{\circ}N$ in the northeastern Pacific in summer 2004. Temperature, salinity, inorganic nutrients, chlorophyll-a (hereafter chl-a) and zooplankton ($>200\;{\mu}m$) were sampled within the depth from the surface to 200 m depth at $1^{\circ}$ longitude intervals. Zooplankton($>200\;{\mu}m$) samples were vertically collected at two depth intervals from surface to 200 m, consisting of surface mixed and lower layers (thermocline$\sim$200 m). Longitudinal distributional pattern of hydrological parameters (especially salinity) was physically influenced by the intensity of westward geostrophic current passage relating to the NEC (North Equatorial Current). Data from the longitudinal survey showed clear zonal distributions in the hydrological parameters(temperature, salinity and nutrients). However, spatial patterns of the chl-a concentrations and zooplankton abundances were mostly independent of the zonal distributions of hydrological parameters. The two peaks of zooplankton abundance in the surface mixed layer were characterized by different controlling factors such as bottom-up control from nutrients to zooplankton ($129^{\circ}W$) and accumulation by increment of friction force and taxonomic interrelationship ($133^{\circ}$ and $134^{\circ}W$). Divergence-related upwelling caused introduction of nutrients into surface waters leading to the increment of chl-a concentration and zooplankton abundances ($129^{\circ}W$). Increased friction force in relation to reduced flow rates of geostrophic currents caused accumulation of zooplankton drifting from eastern stations of study area($133^{\circ}$ and $134^{\circ}W$). Besides, high correlation between immature copepods and carnivorous groups such as chaetognaths and cyclopoids also possibly contributed to the enhanced total abundance of zooplankton in the surface mixed layer (p<0.05). Zooplankton community was divided into three groups (A, B, C) which consecutively included the eastern peak of zooplankton($129^{\circ}W$), the western peak($133^{\circ}$ and $134^{\circ}W$) and high nutrient but low chl-a concentration and zooplankton abundance ($136^{\circ}W$). Moreover, Group B corresponded to the westward movement of low saline waters(<33.6 psu) from 128 to $132^{\circ}W$. In summary, longitudinal distributions of zooplankton community was characterized by three different controlling factors: bottom-up control ($129^{\circ}W$), accumulation by increased friction force and relationships among zooplankton groups ($133^{\circ}$ and $134^{\circ}W$), and mismatch between hydrological parameters and zooplankton in the high nutrient low chlorophyll area ($136^{\circ}W$) during the study period.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제38권6_1호
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• pp.1541-1555
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• 2022

적조는 식물성 플랑크톤의 번성현상으로써, 해양생태 및 양식업에 유해한 영향을 끼칠 수 있는 현상이다. 다양한 광학원격센서를 이용한 적조탐지 연구가 수행되어왔지만, 기개발된 적조 탐지 알고리즘들은 수심이 얕고, 부유퇴적물이 많은 연안해역에 적용하기에는 한계가 있다. 적조 해수의 광학적특성에 대한 이해를 높이기 위해서 원격탐사반사도 및 수중구성성분에 대한 분석의 중요성이 높아지고 있다. 본 연구는 선박현장조사를 통하여 적조해수의 광학변수(원격탐사반사도)와 수질변수(Chl-a_(Spec), 총부유물농도, a_ph, a_d, 종 동정, Chl-a_(HPLC))를 취득하고 광학변수와 수질변수간의 관계를 분석하였다. 메조디니움과 코클로디니움 두가지 적조 종 및 엽록소농도에 따른 원격탐사반사도와 식물성플랑크톤 흡광계수에 대한 분석을 수행하였고, 원격탐사반사도의 특정 파장대를 이용한 적조 엽록소농도의 추정 가능성을 제시하였다. 분석 결과, 적조의 엽록소농도와 식물성플랑크톤 흡광계수는 결정계수 0.9의 상관도를 나타냈으며, RE_diff를 이용한 기법이 B-G ratio를 이용한 기법보다 적조농도를 더욱 정확하게 추정하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2006년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2006 PORSEC Volume I
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• pp.479-482
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• 2006

The absorption coefficient and backscattering properties of phytoplankton were calculated from the Mie theory. Given a simple case that phytoplankton and mineral particles are the only constitutions in seawater, the reflectance $b_b({\lambda})/[a({\lambda})+b_b({\lambda})]$was analyzed. Then the chlorophyll concentrations were estimated from remote sensing OC2 algorithm. The results show that reflectance in short wavelength region is more sensitive to the Chl variation; High mineral concentrations in seawater have significant influence on the reflectance spectrum; the existence of high mineral concentration may result in the mistake in chlorophyll estimation from OC2 algorithm.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.129-139
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• 2005

We investigated the characteristics of the thermohaline structure and phytoplankton community from the southwestern areas of Jeju to the nothern areas of Taiwan in the Ease China Sea, in June 2004. According to the analysis of a T-S diagram, three characteristic of water masses were identified. We classified them into the mixed water mass by the Chiness continental coastal waters and Yellow Sea cold water (Region A), Chinese continental coastal waters (Region B) and Taiwan warm current (Region C). Region A was characterized by low temperature, low salinity, high density and high Chl-a concentration. Region B was characterized by high temperature, low salinity, low density and high Chl-a and Region C was characterized high temperature, high salinity, low density and low Chl-a concentration. The phytoplankton community identified a total of 56 species belonging to 31 genera. The dominant species was mainly dinoflagellates, Gymnodinium breve, Scrippsiella trochoidea, Ceratium fusus, Prororcentrum triestinum, centric diatoms, Chaetoceros lorenzianus, Leptocylindrus danicus, Proboscia alata, Skeletonema costatum and pennate diatoms, Pseudonitzschia pungens, Cylidrotheca closterium. Standing crops of phytoplakton fluctuated between $0.1{\times}10^2$ cells/L and $5.7{\times}10^4$ cells/L by dominance of dinoflagellates. In the phytoplankton community, the Region A was characterized by the various species composition in 39 species, the dominint species with di-atomes, Pn. pungen, Ch. lorenzianus and standing crops from 6.9 cells/$m\ell$ to 56.6 cells/$m\ell$, Region B by the various species composition in 37 species, the dominant species with dinoflagellates, G.breve, S. trochoidea and standing crops from 4.6 cells/$m\ell$ to 26.7 cells/$m\ell$, and the Region C by low species number with 28 species, the dominant species with one dinoflagellate, S.trochoidea and one diatom, L.danicus and very low standing crops from 0.1 cells/$m\ell$ to 5.7 cells/$m\ell$. Phytoplankton productivity in the East China Sea was controlled by Chinese continental coastal waters which include a high concentrations of nutrients.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.889-896
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• 2007

From the direct outflow of Chungju Dam to the junction of water body and watershed in Paldang lake is the scope of this research. This study performed to investigate the main cause of water quality deterioration and the influenced region in the middle field range of the Namhan river Basin with the onsite measurement of water quality and flow rate simultaneously during spring dry season. The purpose of this study is to find out the time-spatial variation characteristics of water quality and flow rate. Following the flow direction $BOD_5$ and $COD_{Mn}$ concentration increased to the highest value of 3.7 mg/L, 5.9 mg/L at Wolgesa respectively. Chl.a concentration increased to $50mg/m^3$ or so at Kangsang, after that it decreased to $37mg/m^3$ at the junction of Paldang lake. Organic matter concentration variation trend showed similar than that of Chl.a. Also $BOD_5$ concentration tendency was similar to Chl.a in every measuring sites except Paldang lake mixing zone. The major factors of water quality deterioration in Namhan river and Paldang lake during dry season were algal bloom and followed internal production. High phosphorus load from Dalcheon and Seom river caused dry season algal bloom and internal production in transitional zone which was stagnant area in downstream of Namhan river.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.62-69
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• 2000

본 연구는 담수조류의 대량 번식에 따른 정수장의 여과막 박힘, 어류의 대량폐사 등 각종 피해를 최소화하기 위하여 응집제를 이용한 응집-여과공정을 녹조제거시스템에 적용하기 위한 것이다. 응집-여과 공정에서 최적의 응집상태를 결정하기 위하여 시료로는 낙동강 원수를 사용하였고 Jar test와 실험실용 반응기를 사용하여 알칼리도, 탁도, Chl-a, pH를 측정하였다. 응집시간, 응집제 주입량, 드럼필터 회전속도 그리고 Chl-a는 각각 5min, 5mg/l, 3rpm 그리고 90㎍/l의 조건에서 높은 조류제거율을 보였다. Alum을 사용하였을 때의 조류 및 탁도 평균제거율은 50～60%, 30～50%이었고, PAC는 Chl-a의 제거율이 Alum보다 약 20% 더 좋은 효율을 보였다.

• 한국해양학회지:바다
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 태안반도 근소만 갯벌에서 저서미세조류(MPB)의 현존량, 군집조성 및 광생리의 월변화에 대해 알아보기 위하여 2016년 10월부터 2017년 10월까지 월 1~2회씩 총 16회에 걸쳐 갯벌 표층에 분포하는 저서미세조류 색소를 HPLC (High performance liquid chromatography)를 이용 분석하였다. 갯벌 표층 1 cm 깊이에 분포하는 저서미세조류의 광합성 색소 중 현존량의 지표로 사용되는 총 chlorophyll a (TChl a) 농도는 연중 40.4~218.9 mg m-2의 범위를 보였다. 2월 24일에 최대값이 나타났고 3월에도 높은 값을 보인 뒤 이후 감소하였다. 저서미세조류의 현존량은 동계에 높고 하계에 낮은 값을 나타냈다. Phaeophorbide a 농도의 월별 변동을 통해 동계에 상위 포식자의 낮은 포식압이 저서미세조류 동계번성에 일부 기여한 것으로 사료된다. 또한 주요지시색소를 이용한 저서미세조류 군집조성의 분석결과 저서규조류의 지시색소인 fucoxanthin의 농도가 연중 가장 높게 나타났다. Chlorophyll b(녹조류), peridinin(와편모조류)을 제외한 대부분의 지시색소의 농도는 동계에 증가하였으나, fucoxanthin의 농도 증가율이 가장 높아 fucoxanthin을 제외한 TChl a에 대한 주요지시색소의 상대비는 동계에 감소하는 경향이 있었다. 형광광도계와 산소미세전극을 이용하여 측정한 퇴적물 내 Chl a와 산소 농도의 연직분포 특성은 퇴적층 표면에서 깊이가 깊어질수록 Chl a 값과 산소 농도가 함께 감소하는 경향을 보였고, 동계로 갈수록 이런 경향이 더욱 뚜렷하게 나타났다. 하지만 5~7월의 Chl a 농도는 다른 기간에 비해 12 mm까지 연직으로 유사하게 나타났으나, 5월의 산소 농도 분포는 1 mm 이하에서 급격하게 감소하였다. 같은 시기에 phaeophorbide a 농도가 증가하는 것으로 보아 저서동물의 포식활동에 의한 산소 소비량이 증가하였을 가능성이 있으며, 저서동물의 생물교란에 의해 저서미세조류의 세포가 아래로 옮겨진 것으로 추측된다. 한편, 저서미세조류의 광적응의 지표로 사용되는 diadinoxanthin (DD)과 diatoxanthin (DT)로 얻은 상대적인 비(DT/(DD+DT))는 10월에서 3월로 갈수록 감소하며, 5월에는 증가하는 것으로 볼 때, 월별로 Xanthophyll cycle의 활성 정도에 차이가 있었음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.171-179
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• 1993

국내에서 실제사용되고 있는 22가지의 식용 및 외용색소에 대하여 유전독성실험을실시하였다. salmonella typhimurium을 이용한 유전자 복귀돌연변이 시험(Ames test)과 Chiness hamster lung cell을 이용한 염색체이상 시험을 시행한 결과 Ames test에서는 등색 203호 (D&C Orange No.17)가 대사활성계의 존재 유무와 관계없이 돌연변이 유발성을 보였고, 적색 204호 (D&C Red No.9)는 대사활성계의 존재하에서 돌연변이 유발성을 나타내었다. 염색체이상 시험에서는 적색104-1호 (Phroxin B)의 시약급과 적색 215호 (D&C Red No. 37)가 의양성을 나타내었다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2004년도 SMICS 2004 International Symposium on Maritime and Communication Sciences
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• pp.43-48
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• 2004

A pilot-scale system of 20t/h for the treatment of ship's ballast water and the setup of dissolved hydroxyl radical was introduced in this paper. With this experimental system, the kill efficiencies of bacteria, mono-algae, protozoan reach 100% within 2.67s when dissolved OHㆍconcentration is 0.6mg/L. At the same time, the effect of hydroxyl radicals on the photosynthesis pigments of phytoplankton was done. The results indicate that the contents of chi-a, chl-b, chl-c and carotenoid are decreased to 35~64% within 8.0s further to the lowest limit of test after 5 minutes. When dissolved OHㆍratio concentration is 0.68mg/L, the attenuation efficiencies of photosynthesis pigment are 100%. Therefore the invasive marine species can be killed in the process of the inputting and discharge ship's ballast water.