• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.433-441
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• 2012

Accompanied by Chinese strong economic growth rates and development of demand for the construction industry, Chinese construction industry has already become one of the largest construction markets in the world. Unfortunately, the frequent occurrence of safety incidents on Chinese construction sites is a large obstacle for other countries construction companies seeking to enter the Chinese construction market. This study aims to analyze and compare the safety awareness of Chinese and Korean construction workers. Our research showed that the safety awareness of Korean construction workers is far higher than that of their Chinese counterparts, particularly in terms of the efficiency of safety education and the observance of safety rules. The development of a safety management plan based on these results will contribute to reducing the frequency of accidents on Chinese construction sites.

• 무역학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.129-151
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to determine the Mediating Effects of Job Engagement between Perception in Compensation and Innovation Behavior in Chinese Enterprise Workers. The empirical study was conducted by a questionnaire survey on 700 workers in companies located in the southern area of China. The statistical analysis results revealed the following. First, the perception in compensation of Chinese workers has significant positive effects on the innovation behaviors. And intrinsic compensation has more relative significant effects than extrinsic compensation. Second, the perception in compensation has significant positive effects on the job engagement. In this case, extrinsic compensation has more relative significant effects than intrinsic compensation does. Third, job engagement of workers has significant positive effects on the innovation behaviors. Fourth, job engagement has mediating effects between perception in compensation and innovation behaviors. In conclusion, for the sustainable growth and competitive advantage of Chinese enterprises, it is important to perceive the needs of extrinsic and intrinsic perception in compensation of workers, and to design suitable compensation policies and programs to promote innovation behaviors and job engagement considering the distribution and procedural justice, and also to reflect the needs and job characteristics of workers.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.28-40
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of the study >was to examine the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs) and to identify the relationship between work-related psychosocial and acculturative factors and WMSDs among Korean-Chinese workers living in Korea. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 195 Korean-Chinese workers who have worked full-time for the past 6 months. A structured questionnaire, including measures for musculoskeletal symptoms, physical demand, work-related psychosocial(job demand, job control, interpersonal conflict), acculturative (acculturation strategy and acculturative stress), and personal factors, was used. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis were conducted using the SPSS WIN 17.0. Results: The prevalence of WMSDs was 64.1%. In comparison to Korean workers, job demand of this group was lower while both interpersonal conflict and lack of job control were higher among them. Integration was the most commonly used acculturation strategy and mean scores of acculturative stress were below the median. Acculturative stress was positively correlated with integration and assimilation while negatively correlated with separation and marginalization. Interpersonal conflict and integration appeared to be related to WMSDs among male and female Korean-Chinese workers, respectively. Conclusion: The WMSD interventions need to be planned in consideration of different influences of work-related psychosocial and acculturative factors on WMSDs by gender.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.153-165
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• 2008

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to understand health-promotion behaviors and to find factors associated with the behaviors among Korean-Chinese workers who live in Korea. Methods: The number of Korean-Chinese workers participated in this study was 187, and the sample was chosen using a convenient sampling method. To understand general characteristics, frequencies and percentages were utilized. To examine the seven categories of health-promotion behavior, their average scores were calculated. To explore factors related to health-promotion behaviors, a multiple stepwise regression analysis was performed. Independent variables used for the analysis were self-concept, social support, stress, perceived health status, and demographics. Results: The average score of the seven health-promotion behaviors was 2.35. Of the seven subcategories of health-promotion behaviors, the scores of rest/sleep and self-actualization were relatively higher; the scores of exercise and stress management were relatively lower. Of demographics and four factors of main interest (i.e., self-concept, social support, stress, perceived health status), education level, types of residence, social support, and perceived health status remained statistically significant. Among the four factors, social support had the greatest impact on health-promotion behaviors. Conclusions: This study has two suggestions. First, it is needed to develop strategies, which can help Korean-Chinese workers enhance levels of health-promotion behaviors regarding stress management and exercise. Second, considering the greatest effect of social support on health-promotion behavior, it is necessary to strengthen social support among Korean-Chinese workers.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.527-536
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 외국인 근로자 중 가장 높은 비율을 차지하고 있는 중국 조선족 근로자와 한국인 근로자를 대상으로 하여 조선족 및 한국인 근로자의 근로조건을 비교하고, 근로조건이 직무만족에 미치는 영향을 분석하고자 하였다. 그래서 근로조건이 이러한 직무만족에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과, 기본임금, 급식, 여가시설은 직무만족에 긍정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 분석되었다. 그러나 한국인 근로자와 조선족 근로자를 서로 비교하여 본 결과, 조선족 근로자에게 기본임금이 주는 영향은 기존의 평균 결과보다도 높은 수치로 확인되었으며, 급식과 여가시설은 조선족 근로자에게는 영향을 거의 주지 않는 것으로 확인되었다. 이를 통하여 조선족 근로자와 한국인 근로자는 영향을 주는 변수가 서로 다른 것이 확인되었다.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.1-23
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 러시아 극동지역에 진출한 북한 노동력의 상황을 러시아 극동지역의 중국 노동력과 함께 비교 고찰한다. 먼저 러시아 극동지역에서의 북한 노동력과 중국 노동력의 과거와 현재의 상황을 살펴보았고, 그 다음으로 문헌연구를 통하여 북한 노동력과 중국 노동력에 대한 현지 러시아인들의 인종적 성향을 정치적, 경제적, 사회문화적 심리적 그리고 치안 관점에서 고찰하였다. 본 연구의 결과에 의하면 경제적 관점과 치안의 관점에서 볼 때 러시아 극동지역의 북한인과 중국인에 대한 러시아인의 태도는 거의 유사하였다. 양국 모두 러시아 극동지역내부에서 발생되는 사회문제에 빈번하게 관련됨으로서 좋은 반응을 얻지는 못하고 있다. 그러나 정치적 측면과 사회문화적 심리적 측면에서 극동지역의 북한 노동력은 중국 노동력에 비해 훨씬 선호를 받고 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 논문의 합의는 중국노동력에 대한 극동지역 러시아인의 우려를 감안했을 때, 북한 노동력의 이용으로 한국의 러시아 극동진출은 상당히 중요한 의미를 가진다는 것을 보여주는 것이다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2024

Background: E-waste workers in Hong Kong are handling an unprecedented amount of e-waste, which contains various neurotoxic chemicals. However, no study has been conducted to evaluate the neurological health status of e-waste workers in Hong Kong. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of neurobehavioral alterations and to identify the vulnerable groups among Hong Kong e-waste workers. Methods: We recruited 109 Hong Kong e-waste workers from June 2021 to September 2022. Participants completed standard questionnaires and wore a GENEActiv accelerometer for seven days. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Questionnaire 16/18 (Q16/18) were used to assess subjective neurobehavioral alterations. The GENEActiv data generated objective sleep and circadian rhythm variables. Workers were grouped based on job designation and entity type according to the presumed hazardous level. Unconditional logistic regression models measured the associations of occupational characteristics with neurobehavioral alterations after adjusting for confounders. Results: While dismantlers/repairers and the workers in entities not funded by the government were more likely to suffer from neurotoxic symptoms in Q18 (adjusted odds ratio: 3.18 [1.18-9.39] and 2.77 [1.10-7.46], respectively), the workers from self-sustained recycling facilities also have poor performances in circadian rhythm. Results also showed that the dismantlers/repairers working in entities not funded by the government had the highest risk of neurotoxic symptoms compared to the lowest-risk group (i.e., workers in government-funded companies with other job designations). Conclusion: This timely and valuable study emphasizes the importance of improving the working conditions for high-risk e-waste workers, especially the dismantlers or repairers working in facilities not funded by the government.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.185-201
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• 2015

본 연구는 식모와 조선족 가사노동자가 한국인 고용주와의 관계에 있어 유사한 계급적 위치성을 지니며 이중적인 정체성을 형성함에 주목한다. 서울에 거주하는 27명의 조선족 가사노동자와 고용주, 식모 고용주와의 인터뷰를 토대로, 본 논의는 내국인-외국인의 이분법적 담론에서 벗어나 단순히 외국인성(foreignness)이 아닌 여성 노동자가 가진 계급적 열악함이 고용주와의 관계 형성에 핵심 역할을 한다는 새로운 관점을 제시한다. 식모와 조선족 여성은 자신이 살던 지역사회를 떠나 새로운 사회로 공간을 재배치함으로써 스스로의 노동가치를 향상시키는 생존 전략을 취해 왔다. 그들은 시골 출신, 저소득, 낮은 수준의 교육 등 여성 노동 역사 상에서 유사한 노동 지위를 지녔으며 이주 후에도 자신의 정체성이 소속문화, '그곳'에 얽매이고 평가되는 초지역적 정박(tranlocal anchoring)을 겪는다. 또한 한국인 고용주는 식모와 조선족 가사 노동자의 도덕성과 지적 능력을 그들이 가진 계층 차이에 근거해 평가한다. 이러한 일련의 낙인 찍기 과정은 고용주가 가사노동자를 위험에 처한 본인에게 위협을 가할 수 있는 존재인 동시에 애정과 보호를 받아야 할 이중적인 존재로 인식하도록 만든다. 고용주들은 그들이 도시 환경에서 생존할 수 있도록 요리나 언어를 가르치는 등 문화적으로 교육하고 장기적인 생애 계획을 조언해주기도 한다.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.438-457
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• 2019

본 연구의 주요 목적은 북한 노동력의 대북 접경지역 진출 유형과 요인을 규명하고자 하는 것이다. 특히, 본 논문은 북한 노동력의 대북 접경지역 진출 경로 및 유형을 1) 대북 무역 상인과 북한 대방의 거래를 통한 진입과 2) 조선족 중개업체와 북한 대방의 거래를 통한 진입으로 구분하였으며, 대북 접경지역의 공간적 맥락에서 북한 노동력의 진출 요인을 분석하고자 했다. 우선 북한 노동력의 대북 접경지역 진입 경로 및 유형은 유엔 결의 2094호 이후 대북제재의 성격이 '촉구(call-upon)'에서 '의무화 및 강제화(decide)'로 전환되면서 크게 두 가지 측면에서 변화가 나타났다. 첫째, 중국 기업에게 북한 노동력을 파견할 수 있는 북한 대방과의 거래 주체가 대북 거래 상인에서 전문화된 조선족 중개업체로 전환되었다. 둘째, 중국으로 파견되는 북한 노동력의 성격이 '중화인민공화국입경출경관리법'과 '외국인재중국취업관리규정'에 따라 공식적인 취업 허가증과 취업 거류증을 취득한 공식 노동자에서 북·중 간 '무역비자협정'과 '국경 주민에 대한 통행증 제도'를 이용하거나 단기 방문 및 관광 비자를 취득하여 편법으로 대북 접경지역에 장기 체류하는 비공식 노동자(informal workers)로 전환되었다. 따라서 북한 노동자에 대한 실질적인 제재가 가해진 이후에 이러한 비공식 노동자들의 안정적인 체류와 관리 및 통제를 위한 전문적인 서비스에 대한 수요가 높아짐에 따라 대북 접경지역에 북한 노동자 중개업체가 활성화되고 있다. 이와 더불어 북한 노동력의 대북 접경지역 진입 요인은 세 가지 측면 - 1) 중국 사회보험제도의 개혁에 따른 실질 임금 상승, 2) 대북 접경지역의 취약한 노동시장 구조, 3) 안정적이고 관리 용이한 노동력 활용 -에서 분석했다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.185-194
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was to explore situations that might put the middle-aged Korean-Chinese female migrant workers at risk for work-related musculoskeletal diseases (WMSDs). At the development phase of a continuing health project, the study aimed to clarify health promotion program needs of the migrant population. Methods: A qualitative description research design was used with three focus groups of 23 Korean-Chinese female migrant workers. Each focus group interview was conducted for 70-minutes using semi-structured interview guidelines. The data were analyzed using directed qualitative content analysis techniques. Results: The majority of the participants were household workers and their work included heavy material handling, standing for a long time, and working in awkward postures. They experienced discrimination from employers, lack of control at work, limitations in open-communication, job insecurity, and acculturation. They had needs to have health promotion programs for preventing and managing chronic diseases, depression and menopause as well as WMSDs. Conclusion: The participants were situated in work environments with physical demanding tasks, acculturative and job-related stress and lack of opportunities to participate in health promotion programs. It is suggested to develop a comprehensive program to better meet the needs of middle-aged Korean-Chinese female migrant workers rather than targeting the reduction of WMSDs.