• Toxicological Research
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.13-21
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• 1993

The chromosomal aberration of the trichothecene mycotoxins such as T-2 toxin (T-2), HT-2 toxin (HT-2), nivalenol (NIV) and deoxynivalenol (DON) which are one of the most important food borne contaminants produced by Fusarium species fungi, was investigated in the chinese hamster lung cells. These trichothecene mycotoxins showed high cytotoxicity in order of T-2, HT-2, NIV, and DON to the chinese hamster lung cells. Nevertheless high cytotoxicity of these trichothecene mycotoxins, no clastogenicity of T-2 and HT-2 in the range of 0.01-0.0025 ng/ml, of NIV in that of 0.3-0.075ng/ml, and of DON in that of 1.0-0.25 ng/ml was observed in both with and without metabolic activation system.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2010

Objectives : We investigated genetic toxicity of HMCO5 in relation to chromosome aberration test on Cultured Chinese Hamster Lung (CHL) in the presence and absence of S-9 mix. Methods : Experimental groups were divided into two groups: with S-9mix (+S) or without S-9 mix (-S). -S group was also divided 2 series by treatment hours (6 hr: 6-S; or 24 hr; 24-S). Each group treated with vehicle only (complete culture medium), HMCO5 (1,250, 2,500, $5,000\;{\mu}g/ml$), and cyclophosphamide monohydrate (CPA) and ethylmethanesulfonate (EMS), respectively. Results : HMC05 did not show any aberrant metaphase. However, there were significant (p < 0.01) aberrant metaphases with CPA in S+ and with EMS in S-. Conclusions : These results indicate that HMC05 formula does not show any toxicity in chromosome aberration test.

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.149-156
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• 2002

The detection of many synthetic chemicals used in industry that may pose a genetic hazard in our environment is of great concern at present. Since these substances are not limited to the original products, and enter the environment, they have become widespread environmental pollutants, thus leading to a variety of chemicals that possibly threaten the public health. In this respect, to regulate and to evaluate the chemical hazard will be important to environment and human health. The clastogenicity of 18 synthetic chemicals was evaluated in Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cells in vitro. 4-Chloro-3,5-dimethyl phenol (CAS No. 88-04-0) induced chromosomal aberrations with significance at the concentration of 15.7 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ both in the presence and absence of metabolic activation system. Phenoxybenzene (CAS No. 101-84-8) which is one of the most cytotoxic chemical among 18 chemicals tested revealed no clastogenicity in the range of 0.11-0.43 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ both in the presence and absence of metabolic activation system. From the results of chromosomal aberration assay with 18 synthetic chemicals in Chinese hamster lung cells in vitro, 4-chloro-3,5-dimethyl phenol (CAS No. 88-04-0) revealed weak positive clastogenic results in this study.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.89-96
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• 2006

The detection of many synthetic chemicals used in industry that may pose a genetic hazard in our environment is of great concern at present. Since these substances are not limited to the original products, and enter the environment, they have become widespread environmental pollutants, thus leading to a variety of chemicals that possibly threaten the public health. In this respect, to regulate and to evaluate the chemical hazard will be important to environment and human health. The clastogenicity of 11 synthetic chemicals was evaluated in Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cells in vitro. 1-Chloro-3-bromopropane CAS No. 109-70-6) induced chromosomal aberrations with significance at the concentration of $185.0\;{\mu}g/mL\;and\;1,600\;{\mu}g/mL$ both in the presence and absence of metabolic activation system, respectively. Triphenyl phosphite (CAS No. 101-02-0), which is one of the most cytotoxic chemical among 11 chemicals tested revealed no clastogenicity in the range of $95.0-4.9\;{\mu}g/mL$ both in the presence and absence of metabolic activation system. From the results of chromosomal aberration assay with 11 synthetic chemicals in Chinese hamster lung cells in vitro, 1-chloro-3-bromopropane revealed a positive clastogenic result in this study.

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.6-12
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• 1996

To investigate the clastogenicity of taxol and its precursor, 10-aleacetyl baccatin III, we performed chromosomal aberration assay with chinese hamster lung cells in vitro. The IC$_{50}$ values of taxol and 10-deacetyl baccatin III were determined as $1/16 \times 10^{-4}$ M (5.34 $\mu$g/ml) and $1 \times 10^{-2}$ M (560 $\mu$g/ml) in MTT assay, respectively. It means that the cytotoxicity of taxol revealed 100 times more cytotoxic than 10-deacetyl baccatin III in chinese hamster lung cell line. Nevertheless the strong positive genetic toxicity of taxol in the bone marrow micronucleus assay in vivo which was recently reported, we observed weak positive clastogenicity of taxoi only in the absence of metabolic activation system in the concentration ranges used in this experiment. Moreover, to clarify the involvement of metabolic fate of taxol because of its strong positive result in vivo, 10-deacetyl baccatin III which is a precursor in taxol synthesis, also subjected in chromosomal aberration assay in vitro. However, we observed no clastogenicity of 10-deacetyl baccatin III in this experiment. From above results, it was suggested that the esterification at C-13 appears to be relative for its genetic toxicity in chromosome aberration using chinese hamster lung cell in vitro.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.24-31
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• 2003

The present study was attempted to investigate the antioxidant capacity of popular yellow-green vegetable juices (kale, Angelica keishei, carrot, small water dropwort) and to investigate the effect of vegetable juices on protecting oxidative damage to DNA in cultured Chinese hamster lung (CHL) cells. Antioxidant capacity was analyzed by TRAP assay (Total radical-trapping antioxidant potential). Cellular DNA dmamage was measured by SCGE (single-cell gel electrophoresis, also known as comet assay. Cells incubated in medium with PBS (negative control) or with various concentration of the freeze dried green juices (25, 50, 100, 250 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$) resuspended in PBS were treated with $H_2O_2$ (200 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$) as an oxidative stimulus for 5 min at 4$^{\circ}C$. The physiological function of each vegetable juice on oxidative DNA damage was analyzed and expressed as tail moment (tail length X percentage migrated DNA in tail) . Kale juice had the highest TRAP value suggesting that kale has the highest antioxidant capacity followed by Angelica keishei, small water dropwort and carrot. Cells treated with $H_2O_2$ had extensive DNA damage compared with cells treated with PBS or pre-treated with vegetable juice extracts. All green juices inhibited $H_2O_2$-induced DNA damage with kale being the most effective juice among the tested juices. These results indicate that green juice supplementation to CHL cells followed by oxidative stimulus inhibited damage to cellular DNA, supporting a protective effect against oxidative damage induced by reactive oxygen species. (Korean J Nutrition 36(1) : 24-31, 2003)

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.63-72
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• 1998

-4-Quinolone antibiotics (pefloxacin, ciprofloxacin, norfoxacin, ofloxacin and enoxacin) were tested for mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537, TA1538 and TA102, for chromosomal aberrations in cultured Chinese hamster lung (CHL) cells, and for wing somatic mutations and recombinations (wing spot) in Drosophila. Five 4-quinolones did not show any mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537 and TA1538. However, they were mutagenic inSalmonella typhimurium TA102 with and without metabolic activation in both plate incorporation method and preincubation method. Ciprofloxacin induced structural chromosome aberrations in CHL cells both with and without metabolic activation, and the frequencies were 6% and up to 28%, respectively. Pefloxacin showed equivocal evidence, however, norfloxacin, ofloxacin and enoxacin did not induce the structural chromosome aberrations both in the presence and absence of metabolic activation. In the wing spot assay in Drosophila, ofloxacin increased the frequency of small single spots significantly in a dose-dependent manner but there was no dose-dependent increase of single or twin spots in the others.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.111-120
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• 2003

합성화학물질들이 환경중에 유입되어 인체에는 물론 환경생태계에 많은 영향을 미치고 있어 이들의 유해성 검증은 매우 중요한 일이라 할 수 있다. 실제 산업체에서 사용되는 수많은 화학물질들의 유전적 손상 유발유무는 더욱이 중요한 일이라 할 수 있다. 이에 따라 산업체 공정과정에서 널리 사용되는 17종의 화학물질에 대해 Chinese hamster lung(CHL)세포를 이용한 염색체 이상 시험을 수행하여 이들이 염색체상에 구조적 이상을 유발하는지 관찰하였다. 그 결과, 본 연구에서 사용한 17종의 합성화학물질 중 2-nitroaniline(CAS No. 88-74-4)만이 대사활성화계 부재시 86.3 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml의 농도에서 통계적으로 유의한 염색체 이상 유발능을 보였다. 반면 가장 높은 세포독성을 보인 1-chloroanthraquinone (CAS No. 82-44-0)은 0.8 ∼ 3.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml의 시험농도범위에서 대사활성 존재 유무와 무관하게 염색체 이상을 유발하지 않았으며, 다른 15종의 물질들 역시 본시험 적용 농도 범위에서 염색체 이상 유발능을 관찰할 수 없었다.

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.14-22
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• 2001

The detection of many synthetic chemicals used in industry that may pose a genetic hazard in our environment is of great concern at present. In this respect, administrative authorities has great concern to regulate and to evaluate the chemical hazard to environment and human health. The clastogenicity of 28 synthetic chemicals was evaluated in Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cells in vitro. Glycidylacrylate which is one of the most cytotoxic chemical among 28 chemicals tested revealed clastogenicity in the range of 0.31-1.25 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ both in the presence and absence of metabolic activation system. Neopentyl glycol (340-1360 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$) also revealed weak positive result both in the presence and absence of metabolic activation system. Cyanoguanidine (/$420.5-841 $\mu\textrm{g}$m\ell$) and N-butylchloride ($231.5-926 $\mu\textrm{g}$/m\ell$) revealed weak positive result only in the absence of S-9 metabolic activation system. Nevertheless total aberration percentages of N-butylchloride in the presence of metabolic activation system, and 3,4＇-dichlorobenztrifluoride in the absence of S-9 metabolic activation revealed above 5% aberration, there is no statistical significance. From the results of chromosomal aberration assay with 28 synthetic chemicals in Chinese hamster lung cells, glycidylacrylate (CAS No. 106-90-0), neopentyl glycol (CAS No. 126-30-7), N-butyl chloride (CAS No. 109-69-3) and cyanoguanidine (CAS No. 461-58-5) revealed positive clastogenic results in this study.

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.215-222
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• 2002

The detection of many synthetic chemicals used in industry that may pose a genetic hazard in our environment is of great concern at present. Since these substances are not limited to the original products, and enter the environment, they have become widespread environmental pollutants, thus leading to a variety of chemicals that possibly threaten the public health. In this respect, to regulate and to evaluate the chemical hazard will be important to environment and human health. The clastogenicity of 17 synthetic chemicals was evaluated in Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cells in vitro. Two most cytotoxic chemicals, dodecyl methacrylate (CAS No. 142-90-5) and 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate (CAS No. 688-84-6), among 17 chemicals tested revealed no clastogenicity in the range of 0.0165-0.066 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ and 0.006-0.024 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ both in the presence and absence of metabolic activation system, respectively. All 17 chemicals revealed no significant induction of chromosomal aberration both in the presence and absence of metabolic activation system in this assay. From the results of chromosomal aberration assay with 17 synthetic chemicals in Chinese hamster lung cells in vitro, we did not observed positive clastogenic results in this study.