• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.337-344
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• 2007

We have investigated the relationship between food allergen sensitization and allergic disease in 74 child (male 47, female 27) patients from 0 to 14 years of age diagnosed with allergic disease. The age distribution for the study was: newborn to 3 years old, 34 children; 4 to 6 years old, 24 children; 7 to 9 years old, 8 children and above 10 years old, 8 children. Of the 74 children, 10 children were allergic to 3 of the 21 types of foods tested, 21 children were allergic to 4 types and 15 children were allergic to 5 types. The results of specific IgE tests for class 2 (0.070-3.49 IV/mL, IgE density in serum) showed that 29 children were allergic to milk, 28 children to bean, 21 children to cheese, 7 children to egg, and 18 children to pork, while over class 2, 20 children were allergic to bean, 17 children to milk, 24 children to cheese, 20 children to egg, and 21 children to pork. A questionnaire was used to survey family allergy history and diet patterns for 40 child (male 22, female 18) patients with allergic disease. The frequencies of a family history of allergy were 45.5% for males and 50.0% for females. The allergic diseases included atopic dermatitis: 26.0%, atopic nasitis: 10.5%, atopic dermatitis + atopic nasitis : 31.5%, hives: 21.0%, and asthma: 10.5%. Children on diets of mixed breast feeding and infant formula were more allergic than those on either breast feeding or infant formula feeding. Eliminated allergenic foods were egg + milk: 12.5%, egg: 10.0%, and milk 2.5%.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.43-61
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to analyze children's perspectives on the role of male childcare teachers and children' s gender role concepts. According to the results, when it comes to how the children perceive the roles of the male childcare teacher, the children mostly saw the male childcare teacher as a person who teaches and in another case, they regarded him as someone who takes care of their daily life and who is willing to play games with them. On the other hand, the male childcare teacher's organizing of an environment, supporting tasks and working on a computer were perceived less by the children. In terms of the gender role concepts, the study confirmed that depending on the role performance of the male childcare teacher, the children in the male childcare teacher's class had better understanding than those children in the female childcare teacher's class. In order to secure the children's right to participate specified in the convention of the rights of the child, the study applied not only the interviews with the children but also their drawings to the analysis, and that was what led the study to an in-depth discussion on the perception of the children.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.836-843
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• 2005

Objective : Liver cirrhosis is a disease of the liver in which normal cells are replated by scar tissue. Chronic liver disease and liver cirrhosis are the foutth ranked causes of death in Korea. However, clinical data on liver cirrhosis is not accumulated in oriental medicine. Therefore, clinical characteristics of 33 liver patients admitted to Hana Oriental Hospital from May 2004 to May 2005 were studied. Methods : Clinical characteristics of liver cirrhosis, such sex, age, causes, Child-Pugh class, chief complain, abdomen ultrasonography, disease duration, past history, blood test and urinalysis were reviewed. Results : The results of this study were as follows: 1 The distribution of sex and age in our study is similar to already reported statistics. 2. Hepatitis B and alcohol are the major factors to cause the liver cirrhosis. Diabetes and hypertention contribute more to cause than they have in previous histories. 3. Major symptoms are following: fatigue 87.9%, ascites 84.8%, jaundice 78.8%, leg edema 72.7%, dyspepsia 45.5%. 4. Most liver cirrhosis patients have pancytopenia. Standard Deviation accentuates the big differences between total bilirubin and serum amonia. 5. In urinalysis, Urobilinogen 19 patients (57.6%), bilirubin 12 patients (36.4%), blood 15 patients (45.5%) are positive. 11 cases of 15 in blood positive results scored $3{\sim}4+$. Contusions : In oriental medicine, it will be necessary to research and develop oriental medical therapies for liver disease including liver cirrhosis.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.609-619
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• 1974

The purpose of this study is to survey Korean mother's child-rearing methods and to see what influence each layed on children's school achievement. To obtain data, a questionaire was given to 607 boys and girls, who were selected from both public and private middle schools in Seoul. The student were consisted of two distinct groups, namely superior and inferior. Five top students from each class were categorized as the superior group and five bottom ones from each class were categorized as the inferior group. The questionaire was consisted of 7 items, namely, the needing method, feeding period, weaning time, mothers general attitudes about crying, sleeping arrangement and whether mothers workers or not. Summary of this study is as follows ; 1. As far as babies were breast-fed, there was no significant between the superior group and the interior group no matter what feeding period and weaning time were. 2. When the babies were fed by milk or both by milk and breast, the most favorable weaning time for intellectual development seemed to be between 6 and 9 months after birth. 3. The mother's general attitudes to babies crying and the sleeping arrangement have definite influence on the children's school achievement. It was shown that if mothers hugged babies as soon as they cried the babies tended to be superior, but the mothers of inferior group had tendency to let alone, until the babies stopped crying or hug after finishing their urgent works. Then the superior group was allowed to sleep alone in his own bed in the mother's room. On the contrary, the inferior group was kept in their mother bed or that of other family's without being given his own bed. 4. Whether mother had a job or not did not had any influence on children's school achievement. 5. Korean mothers have tendency to hug their babies as soon as when they find them cry and feed them with breast milk. The study also shows that the mothers rearing attitudes has certain influencial effect upon the children's school achievement.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.42
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• pp.139-168
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• 2000

As the institutions of the Day Care services in Korea have merely focused on developing the issues for caring and education of children, however, other principles in the Day Care services have not been properly delivered. So, it is necessary for the institutions delivering Day Care services to approach inclusively above four perspectives to the broad sense of the child welfare because the institutions for Day care services are dealing with the groups of the parents, who are in difficulty to take care of their children, and the needs of the parents in terms of caring for their children. The study focuses to research the groups of children, which have various and mixed needs and the problems. On the other hand, the socio-economic attributes, the needs and the problems of the groups of the parents are looked for in the research. As the result of the research, the needs for Day Care services are differentiated from the different socio-economic backgrounds of the parents group. The data indicates that the low class families demands more needs than those of the middle class in the research of the categories. Analyzing from the result, the categories of caring, health care, nutritional supplements, extracurricular activities, emotional supports, providing information and referrals and community social services are hard to be defined as the necessary services based on the ages of the children. It is better to be defined as the necessary services demanding from the social needs of the parent group. Thus, the target groups such as the working couple and the low income families should be primarily considered as the beneficiary groups receiving the comprehensive day care services.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.6
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• pp.75-87
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to describe elementary school students' health communication needs based on school-based health fairs by students' demographic characteristics and school health education experiences. A self-administered survey was conducted to a total of 851 fifth-grade students in 8 elementary schools in Seoul. For survey participant sampling, Seoul area was divided into four districts: north, south, east, and west, and two elementary schools were selected from each district by the stratified convenient sampling process. Three class 5th-grade students in each selected school finished the survey. Questionnaires and survey instruction letters were delivered to vice-principals in the designated schools and the vice-principals managed the survey process. The survey Questionnaire included demographic characteristics (sex, parent's marital status, parents' educational status, famil financial status, the person whom was with after school, and daily computer hour), health education experiences (health education at school, and school health education satisfaction), and health communication types. The health communication types were reorganized into eight types based on comprehensive literature review on health fairs (or child and adolescence. The health communication types were 'health exam and advice fair,''health promotion advertising and campaign,' 'health-related exhibition and experience fair,' 'profession visit-in-school education,' 'health-related VCR or movie festival,' 'health-related institute visits,' 'internet health counseling,' and 'telephone health counseling.' Regarding demographic characteristics, sex, family financial status, and academic performance were significant factors related to health communication need scores (p <.05). Girl, high level of family financial status, and excellent academic performance score were related to high score of health communication need. In terms of school health education experience, taking regular class for health education and satisfaction with school health education were linked to higher health communication need scores. This result discusses that experience and satisfaction with school health education largely contribute to building participants' health communication concepts and needs.

• Korean Journal of Child Education & Care
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.129-145
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• 2018

The main subjects of this study is to study the qualification and in-service education policies of the child care center staff and to suggest a desirable direction of policy. The main subjects of this study are child care staff policies and related laws. The results of this study shows that the philosophy, developmental psychology and some social backgrounds are the stantards required when designating the child care curriculum and essential subjects for attaining class 2 childcare teacher certificates. This study arises the needs of adjustment of the fields of the childcare curriculum contents, change between mandatory and elective subjects, and renewal of the subject title. The standards for competency in provision of childcare services of National Competency Standard(NCS) has to be considered in the adjustment process. The integrated teacher's certificate for teachers training system is needed in the reserve integration process. The systematization of the data and operating system is needed to manage the target of education efficiently, in order to develop childcare center staff's strengthening ability and professionalism. For in-service education, the diversification of the main body of operation, a periodical monitoring of the content, administrative and financial support are needed. Voluntary participation of in-service education, and the childcare center staffs professional development policy making supported by the government and parents is needed.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.197-234
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• 2009

Typological theories of offending postulate that childhood-onset delinquents have a high likelihood of being serious and chronic offenders and that there are a distinct set of risk factors predicting early-onset antisocial behaviors. It is useful to empirically classify children into subgroups based on their deviant behaviors because it helps us to identify unique factors associated with each subgroup. Using the first two waves of the Korean Youth Panel Survey, Elementary School Data, this study aimed(a) to empirically classify 5th graders into latent delinquent subgroups, and (b) to examine the impact of individual, familiar, school, and peer factors on the latent delinquent classes. Latent class analysis yielded three latent classes based on 15 indicators of deviant behaviors - delinquent class, low-level delinquent class, & normative class. The results from multivariate multinomial logistic regression analyses revealed that being male, reporting low self-control, coming from poor family, high association with deviant peers, and being bullied increased the risk of being in the delinquent class. Moreover, low self-control, aggression, domestic violence, low level of attachment to teachers, and deviant peers independently increased the risk of being in the low-level delinquent class compared to the normative class. Based on the study findings, implications for practice as well as future studies were discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.47-68
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• 2004

Human Ecology researches studying human life patterns in Korea are on the same tracts of recent global promotion in Korea as that of other academic studies. In this changing academic atmosphere, Human Ecology-based researches are in demands of suitable research topics and methods. This study was done to investigate the present research situations of Human Ecology-based subdivisional fields, including food and nutrition, clothing and textiles, child studies, family studies, home management, housing studies, consumer sciences and home economics education, by an increasing need in the society of KHEA (Korean Home Economics Association). The study focused on understanding the trends of research topics and methods shown in the papers published in major academic periodicals in Korea as well as world-class (SCI, SSCI) journals in order to predict the future for Ecology-based studies in Korea. The data were collected from all periodicals from January, 2000 to August, 2003, listed in the Korean Research Foundation and from world-class journals comparable to the former. Twenty-six periodicals were chosen for analysis, including papers with authors of ecology-based, field faculty at colleges or universities. There were some differences between the Korean and world-class research topics and methods. In order to narrow the gap between the two, we suggested that serious consideration be given to the research's application-ability toward human beings, which would be the home-ecology study's identity. The same criteria in these fields as used in other natural science fields are not suitable for supporting and evaluating research proposals and outputs, and recent global academic promotions may not be desirable in some respects. However, they do present an opportunity to expose Korean researcher's to world-class scientific societies and upgrade their studies. These efforts should stimulate the field of Human-Ecology studies and enhance the recognitions of these fields among future students.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.694-699
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• 2001

The prognosis for class III patients in growing child can be made in mixed dentition and the severity of the symptom is often amenable to early intervention. Class III malocclusion can be classified as functional class lit and skeletal origin. Skeletal Class III malocclusion is usually characterized by overdeveloped mandible, underdeveloped maxilla, but the cause of pseudo class III is most dentoalveolar or functional shift of mandible. The primary goal of early intervention of malocclusion is to supply an environment that is conducive to the development of favorable occlusal relationships and avoiding of worsening of the problems. Inverted labial bow appliance is introduced as an appliance to combine the advantage of active plate and activator. It is undemanding with this appliance to initiate not only dentoalveolar expansion of upper dentition but also to orient the functional retrusion of mandible. With simple design the compliance for patients such as mouth breathing problem can be improved. For successful use of this appliance it is utmost important to make accurate and early diagnosis between pseudo- and skeletal class III malocclusion. This article will demonstrate the use of an Inverted labial bow appliance for early treatment of a functional Class III malocclusion. After 4 month treatment, anterior crossbite was treated and the results were achieved mainly dentoalveolar change of upper and lower anterior teeth.