• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.91-97
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• 2012

The strategy for infectious bursal disease (IBD) control and its success rate under field conditions depends on hygiene management, IBD field pressure, level, and variation in maternally derived IBD antibodies. This study investigated the level of IBD-specific antibody by ELISA and the prevalence of IBD virus by PCR in broilers, white-semi broilers, and Korean native chickens raised in Jeongeup, Jeonbuk. IBD-specific maternally derived antibodies were measured from 698 chickens and the mean titers of maternal antibodies were $3,572{\pm}1,402$ in broilers, $1,262{\pm}762$ in white-semi broilers, and $1,932{\pm}912$ in Korean native chickens. At 2 weeks after vaccination, the geometric mean antibody titers of broiler, white-semi broiler, and Korean native chicken were $582{\pm}427$, $3255{\pm}1,080$, and $1,023{\pm}499$, respectively. According to sequence analysis of the variable virion protein 2 gene, 4 isolates were found to be very virulent IBDV, 9 isolates classical virulent, and 2 isolates intermediate plus vaccine strain.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.285-288
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• 2012

Salmonella I 4,[5],12:i:- was a monophasic variant of Salmonella (S.) Typhimurium and notorious for re-emerging candidate which would replace S. Typhimurium DT104 for antibiotic resistance. Recently, isolation rate was increased on human and industrial animals but there was no case in domestic animals but human in Korea. This was first isolation case from domestic animals in Korea. The five isolates from feces of duck (n = 3), chicken (n = 1), and wild bird (n = 1) showed antibiotic resistance against cephems and aminoglycosides. These means that the spread of emerging bacterial pathogens to domestic animals and the need of systemic management for Salmonella I 4,[5],12:i:-.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.18-27
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• 1980

IBDV는 양계업이 전업화된 모든지역에서 발생하고 있다. 이 질병의 임상증상은 매우 특징적이기도 하지만 IBDV 감염시의 닭의 연령 또는 바이러스의 병원성에 따라 임상증상 업이 내과 하기도 한다. IBDV에 의한 BF의 종장이나 출혈성 병변은 감염 후 짧은 기간에만 관할되며 질병이 경과함에 따라 BF는 위축된다. IBDV는 감염력이 극히 높으며, 오염된 계분, 사료, 물 등에 의하여 전파된다. 이 바이러스는 외계 환경에 대하여 극히 높은 저항성을 갖고 있으며 Ribovirus군의 Diplorna 바이러스로서 크기는 55-60nm이다. IBDV는 계태아나 계태아 조직 또는 감수성이 있는 닭의 BF에서 용이하게 증식시킬 수 있다. agar gel을 사용한 면역 확산법은 IBDV 감염을 진단할 수 있는 가장 간편한 방법이다. IBDV에 대한 항체는 감염 후 1주일 후부터 증명되며 장기간 지속된다. 감수성 계군일 경우 높은 역가의 항체형성이나 지속은 계군의 연령에 비례한다. IBDV에 대한 모체이행 항체는 critical age때의 병아리를 야외 감염으로부터 보호하여 준다. IBDV 단독 감염에 의한 IBD 피해는 경미한 것이지만 면역부전증에 의하여 유발되는 복합성 질병인 Inclusion body hepatitis, 전염성 빈혈, 괴저성 피부염 등은 닭의 생산성을 크게 저하시킨다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.27-40
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• 1991

In order to investigate the biological properties, pathogenicity and immune responses in artficially infected SPF chickens with Avian infectious bronchitis virus that was isolated from chickens showing IB like signs in southern region of Chung buk. Results obtained throuth the experiments are summarized as follows. 1. From 15 IB suspected cases, two strains of IB virus were isolated, one each from the tracheas and lungs. 2. Infectious bronchitis specific embryo lesions were observed after four serial passages of the isolates in chicken embryos. 3. The field isolates and M-41 strain of IB virus interfered with the replication of Newcastle disease virus in chicken embryos. 4. When specific pathogen free chickens, two week old, were inoculated with the IB virus isolates, clinical respiratory signs as dyspnea, coughing were observed. Airsacculitis was observed by necropsy. 5. AGP antibody positive rates of inoculated SPF chickens were highest on day 14 and lowest on day 36, while HI antibody responses were detected on day 14 in all Groups, the reinoculated Group was shown highest titers. 6. By Indirect immunofluorescence antibody assay of artificially infected SPF chickens, the viral antigens were detected in tissues of larynx, trachea and lung on the 4 th to 7 th days post inoculation.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.323-326
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• 2010

Candidiasis is a mycosis caused by the mycelial yeast of the Candida genus which is opportunistic pathogen of humans, animals, and birds. Under some conditions such as prolonged antibiotic therapy, overcrowding, and immunosuppression, the opportunistic Candida can cause disease. Chicken candidiasis is sporadically occurred and characterized by unsatisfactory growth, listlessness, roughness of feathers, and death. A case of 23 weeks old layer with history of increased mortality and anemia was submitted to our Lab. At necropsy, the characteristic lesions were observed in the crop and proventriculus. The whitish pseudomembrane, that are peeled easily, was found in the crop. Proventriculus was swollen and the mucosa was covered with hemorrhagic exudate. The histological changes of the affected crop are epithelial hyperplasia, hydropic degeneration, and mycelia formation. Smears made from the necrotic mucosal surfaces of the crop revealed the presence of large number of yeast cells and mycelia. Pure cultures of yeast colonies were obtained from the potato dextrose agar. The yeast cells were identified as Candida albicans by gene sequencing. To our knowledge, this is the first report of candidiasis in chickens with anemia in Korea.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.155-163
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• 2009

Fowl typhoid (FT) is a septicemic disease caused by Salmonella Gallinarum. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial resistance and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns of S. Gallinarum isolated from chicken. During 1999 to 2004, there was isolated a total of 100 strains in liver and spleen. The biochemical characteristics of S. Gallinarum isolates was nonmotile, no production of H$_2$S, glucose gas, non-fermented rhamnose, indole-negative, fermentation of dulcitol, mannitol, maltose, and ornithine decarboxylase. At antimicrobial susceptibility, all of isolates were susceptible to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, amikacin, neomycin, kanamycin, norfloxacin and enrofloxacin. One hundred isolates were divided into 54 resistant patterns and 37 strains was 6-multi drug resistance. PFGE of Xba I restriction fragments of S. Gallinarum isolates was 20 patterns.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.161-165
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• 1982

Biochemical and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were conducted on 40 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa originated from diseased chicken submitted for diagnosis to this Institute during 1978-80. An extensive study of the biochemical properties revealed that the tested strains can be identified with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antibiogram showed that all the strains were susceptible to gentamicin, colistin and amikacin but resist to nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim+sulfamethoxazole, ampicillin, methicillin and kanamycin, and had varing degreed of resistance to other antimicrobials including carbenicillin, sulfomamides, neomycin, streptomycin, tetracycline and chloramphenicol. Three of the most frequent resitance patterns observed were FM SXT AM ME KM CM TC SM NE SSS Pattern, FM SXT AM ME KM CM TC SM NE SSS CB Pattern and FM SXT AM EKM CM TC SM Pattern, and these resistance patterns contained 72.5% of the tested strains.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2015년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.1027-1029
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• 2015

열교환기 환기장치는 실내로부터 배출되는 고온의 배기류를 이용하여 내부 환기를 위하여 투입되는 차가운 외기를 가온시킨다. 이를 통해 환기로 인해 발생되는 에너지 비용의 절약을 도모할 수 있고, 차가운 외기의 유입으로 인한 열적 균일성 감소 및 그에 기인한 호흡기성 질병 발생을 미연에 방지하는 효과가 있다. 본 연구에서는 열교환기 환기장치의 원격제어 및 원격계측을 위한 제어 및 계측 시스템을 개발하고 개발된 열교환기 환기장치의 제어 및 계측 시스템을 육계 사육장에 설치하여 내부의 온도와 습도의 원격제어 및 원격계측을 통해 성능검증을 수행하였다. 성능검증실험에서 육계 사육장 내부에서 2도 이내의 온도 제어가 가능함을 확인하였다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.121-128
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• 2005

Economic animal husbandry workers exposed to organic dust can be suffered from immunologic disorders. Our study was to determine immunological parameters related with occurrence of respiratory allergic diseases to animal husbandry workers in Korea for the first time. Peripheral blood were obtained from twenty-five pig barn workers, forty-nine chicken farming workers and fifty-one non-agricultural control workers. Significantly upregulated plasma IgE level was observed with pig-barn workers than that of chicken farming workers or healthy community control subjects. Furthermore, level of histamine, a hallmark of allergy induction, was upregulated in the pig and chicken farming workers in comparison with that of the control subjects. Downregulation of $IFN_\gamma$ and $TNF_{\alpha}$ production from T cells was apparent in the animal husbandry workers compared with the control subjects. Meanwhile, T cells collected from the pig barn workers demonstrated significantly higher production of IL-4 and IL-10 than the other groups. There were also alterations in IgG subclass distribution. In conclusion, immunological modulation probably leading to occupational allergic diseases can be occurred in the economic animal husbandry workers and the pig barn workers could be the most risky group to the work-related allergic disease.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2006

Bee venom is synthesized in the venom gland's of worker and queen bees and stored in their venom sacs. Bee venom is a rich source of enzymes, peptides and biogenic amines. there are at least 18 active components in the venom which have some pharmaceutical properties. This study was performed to evaluate minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) of bee venom against bacteria isolated from pjgs and chickens with disease. In case of reference strains, the MIC $({\mu}g/m{\ell})$ of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175, and Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 6538 were 64, 64 and 32, respectively. In case of bacteria isolated from pig and chicken, the MIC of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus hyicus and Staphylococcus chromogenes were 8, 128 and 128, and that of 11 strains of Escherichia coli were 8 to >512 and that of 8 strains of Salmonella sup were >512. Antibacterial resistance test of 22 strains isolated from pig and chicken and 3 reference strains were performed by agar gel diffusion method, using 17 antibacterial drugs including penicillin, cefazolin, tetracycline and quinolone group. The multiple drug resistant patterns were found in most strains isolated from pig and chicken.