• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.77-86
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• 2010

This study has the purpose to reveal the differences of residents' satisfaction level & demand of community environment and recognized residents' improvement priority of community environment at 3 complexes at the big city in the provinces. The 3 residential complexes had differentiated developmental concepts; the residence-oriented complex, the residence-government mixed complex with an eco-friendly concept, and the outskirt residence-industry mixed complex. Followings are the results of the study. 1) The satisfaction of residents in the community environment correlates with the increasing convenience facilities after construction. In the new outskirt complexes of smaller cities, dissatisfaction occurs more with public transportation rather than the road system, so that efficient public transportation systems, inner and neighboring areas, is requisite. 2) Even in the residence-oriented complex, the education environment does not entirely account for satisfaction level; the green environment is also second in priority after the education environment. In the residence-government mixed complex with an eco-friendly concept, a good natural environment does not entirely account for satisfaction level; education environment is also second in priority after the natural environment. The supply of sufficient schools may be fulfilled in the ways of reform of the education zone with neighboring existing residential areas. In the outskirt residence-industry mixed complex of smaller cities, priority was placed more on the location and convenience; this explains the complex's poor access to downtown.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.420-436
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate and analysis the elementary teachers' and students' views about the difficulties in teaching and learning in geology units of elementary school science. For the purpose of this study, semi-structured interviews were conducted individually with seventeen elementary teachers who have serviced more than three years, and with sixteen elementary students located in Cheongju City. The interview questions were developed through Seidman's step to acquire a reliability in the interview data with triangulation, then in-depth interview questions were modified and completed through pre-interview after constructing the trustworthiness of interviewees. In-depth interviews were performed in applying the analytic induction method and the interviews were recorded. From the interviews, we found that elementary teachers' views about the difficulties in teaching geology units; teachers' inner difficulties, the difficulty of lab activities, the problems of rock samples, the problems of curriculum in geology units, the difficulty of the geological feature, the problems of the cramming education, the lack of the opportunity for the speciality, and so on. And the students have the views about the difficulties in learning geology units; the difficulty of the unit contents understanding, the problems of learning by heart, the lack of the interest, the lack of materials, the problems of rock samples, the difficulty of the field learning, and so on. Based on the results, the study suggested that an interesting lab activities should be included in the geology units and taught in the geological field trip to help elementary school students more fully comprehend contents of the geology units.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.315-323
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• 2008

Based on the result of extraction of common factors executed in order to elucidate the visual attributes of street scenery by types through the rotation of 23 adjective variables by Varimax, the visual attributes expressed after the construction of the facilities using street scenery were anylized to be 4 factors including factor 1 through factor 4. Theexplanation of the 4 factor groups to explain the entire distribution was 65.3% and these factor groups are the psychological attributes felt when using facilities are constructed by securing the street spaces in downtowns and the factors were named as naturalness(factor 1), locality(factor 2), identity(factor 3) and clarity(factor 4) respectively. Based on the result of one-way layout distribution analysis, the preferences for street scenery by types were found out to show considerable differences at 1 % significance level. Based on the result of multiple regression analysis, all of the factors explaining preferences including factor 1 through factor 4 were significant at 1 % significance level. In case other conditions are constant, if the values of the adjective variables related to locality(factor 2) increase by 1 unit, the preferences which are the values of dependent variables will increase by 0.709. The variable with the largest relative contribution among the 4 factor groups was the locality(factor 2) factor group and on the contrary, it was found that the independent variable with least influences was the clarity(factor 4) factor group.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.63 no.4
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• pp.109-130
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to examine segmenting the effect on the school resilience of the poor children by children's satisfaction in using Community Child Center. For this purpose, we conducted a questionnaire survey with 275 elementary school students on the 3rd-6th graders, using Community Child Center in Cheongju City. As a result, User Satisfaction of Community Child Center gave meaningful affection to school life among school resilience. Children using Community Child Center who are satisfied with friendships and cognitive activity program gave meaningful affection of study and school grade by statistics. Also, it shows According to School Resilience(interest and attitude), Children using Community Child Center should be divided to 4groups, and providing services need to concern the characteristics of each children group.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.485-496
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• 2016

We describe 2 echinostome species recovered from an Eastern cattle egret, Bubulcus ibis coromandus, from Cheongju-si (city), Chungcheongbuk-do (province), Korea. Total 72 Pegosomum bubulcum specimens were recovered from the bile duct. They were $7,566{\times}2,938{\mu}m$ in average size and had 27 collar spines with vitelline extension from anterior 1/3 level of the esophagus to mid-level of the posterior testis as characteristic features. Total 9 specimens of Nephrostomum ramosum were recovered in the small intestines of the bird. They were ribbon-shaped, $11,378{\times}2,124{\mu}m$ in average size, and morphologically variable in some organs, i.e., the number of collar spines (47-50), the shape of ovary and testes, and the extension of vitelline follicles. These morphological variations observed in a single host indicated that these features are not critical for the classification of Nephrostomum species and thus were reconsidered taxonomically as synonym of N. ramosum. This study is the first report documenting and describing both flukes and their associated genera in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.39-48
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• 2013

The goal of this paper is to assess the monetary value of each of the programs, by estimating the amount of willingnessto- pay for the urban regeneration programs that are being carried out in the art media space. Using the Sajik 2-dong in the City of Cheongju that is undergoing urban regeneration through 4 art mediated programs as the subject of this study, the monetary value was calculated through a contingent valuation method (CVM) that used double double-bounded question method. As a result of the analysis, the amount of willingness-to-pay for urban regeneration programs was found to be 36,250 won monthly average per household and, when this was converted to reflect all the households in the Sajik 2-dong area, the amount was estimated to be approximately 117 million won. In addition, in the case of the respondents who have experienced such programs, the amount of willingness-to-pay was found to be monthly average wise 12,880 won higher than those respondents who have not. As a result of the measurement of values based on art mediated urban regeneration programs, the Byeol-ddong-dae for children culture exploration program showed as having the highest value, followed by the local resident festival program, street puppet program and the resident autobiography program.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.397-404
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to analyze the subjective sensations and preference for spring/fall casual cotton shirt fabrics, and to assist in developing shirt fabrics that offer maximum comfort in wearing sensation. The subjects of this study were male and female college students who assessed the tactile sensation of seven types of spring/fall shirt fabrics available on the market: plain weave and rib weave made of cotton and that of cotton mixed fabrics. The subjects were university students between the ages of 20 to 23, who were residing in the city of Cheongju, Korea. The questionnaires related to the fabrics hand were evaluated using a nine point bi-polar scale of 9 descriptive terms. Mean, t-test, F-test and $X^2$ were used for data analysis. The fabric hand evaluation on the seven types of shirts showed a significant difference in all of the 9 descriptive terms. There were partially significant differences in the subjective sensations according to fabric characteristics regarding shirt fabrics. As regards the difference in fabric hand according to gender, female students responded with more receptiveness and sensitivity than male students in the category of woven fabric evaluation. In particular, female students responded with more sensitivity to the sensation of dense and wrinkle sensations. There were significant differences in the purchase preference according to gender regarding casual shirt fabrics. Plain weave fabrics made of cotton was most preferred among male students, whereas rib weave fabrics made of cotton/polyester was most preferred among female students.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.449-460
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• 2009

This study was performed to investigate gruel intake, preference and opinions about gruel development to produce new products for breakfast. The subjects of this study were 307 adults in Chungju city. People who favored gruels were 212(69.5%) and 50.2% of the subjects liked the gruel because of good digestion and absorption. They liked midium thick or thin gruel and also liked grain granules with some stuff as contents. The gruels often taken were abalone gruel(45.9%), pumpkin gruel(41.7%), chicken gruel(34.9%), vegetable gruel(33.6%), beef and mushroom gruel(30.3%) etc. in order. The frequency of gruel intake was 1-2 times/year and 59.6% of subjects got gruels from the special gruel restaurant. People who need gruels most were patients, indigestible person, the elderly, weaning babies, workers and students missing breakfast in order. Sesame taste obtained the highest score of all, that of bitter taste was significantly higher in over fifty year old people (p<0.05), and hot taste score was significantly higher in 30-40 year old people (p<0.01). The gruels preferred most were abalone gruel, pumpkin gruel, chicken gruel, beef and mushroom gruel, vegetable gruel, red bean gruel, pine nut gruel, egg gruel, sesame gruel, plain grain gruel etc. in order. Fifty seven percent of subjects wanted to develope new gruels fortified nutrients. In conclusion, when the substitute gruel for breakfast is developed, it is better to use food materials to be easy to digest, to have grain granules with some stuff inside and to be sesame taste.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.245-250
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• 1986

Antibiotic resistant bacteria isolated from the river water in Cheongju City were studied on the transfer of their R-plasmids in water environment. The R-plasmids were transferred by conjugation between the isolates ai the frequencies of 1.1$\times$10$^{-6}$ to 1.2$\times$10$^{-7}$ under laboratory condition and 1.2$\times$10$^{-7}$ to 1.0$\times$10$^{-9}$ in natural environment. The R-plasmids isolated from those bacteria were also transferred into the recipient cells of E. coli HB101 at the frequencies of 1.7-6.7$\times$10$^{-6}$. The AP$^{r}$Cm$^{r}$Tc$^{r}$-plasmid of isolate T-44 which were transformation by conjugation and transformation was determined to be 9.01 kilobses in molecular size. When the AP$^{r}$Cm$^{r}$Tc$^{r}$-plasmid DNA was treated with restriction endonuclease, the plasmid appeared to have one restriction site for EroRI and BamHI, respectively, and three sites for Pst I endonuclease.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 1992

The Taenia species in East Asia, hitherto identified as Taenia saginata, has been recognized as differing from the classical descriptions of life cycles and was recently named Taenia saginata taiwanensis (tentatively until 1992) . Major differences between T. saginata and the newly recognized Asian T. saginata are their intermediate hosts and the infected tissues. Asian T. saginata metacestodes are found in the livers of pigs rather than in the muscles of cattle. In this study, we observed the natural infection status of Asian T saginata metacestodes in the livers of 25,358 pigs at an abattoir in Cheongju City, Korea, from 1989 to 1990. Total 256 livers(1.01%) were infected with 1∼96 (mean 2.5 per capita) metacestodes. Most of the metacestodes, however, were either calcified (87.1%) or highly degenerated (12.9%). Living metacestodes were found in only 0.01% (3/25,358) of the examined livers. And these were distributed randomly in each lobe of the livers. The liver of pigs in Korea was con- firmed as an organ hosting the Asian T. saginata metacestode. But its epidemiological significance as a source of human infections should be properly evaluated because of the rarity of the living metacestodes.