• 전자공학회논문지 IE
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.13-18
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• 2011

In this paper, we have examined electrical characteristics of LDO regulator according to the process variation using a 1 ${\mu}m$ 20 V high voltage CMOS process. The electrical analysis of LDO regulator have been performed with three kind of SPICE parameter sets (Typ : typical, FF : fast, SS : slow) by process variation which cause change of SPICE parameter such as threshold voltage and effective channel length of MOS devices. From simulation results, we confirmed that in case of SS type SPICE parameter set, the LDO regulator has 3.6 mV/V line regulation, 0.4 mV/mA load regulation and 0.86 ${\mu}s$ output voltage settling time. And in case of Typ type SPICE parameter set, the LDO regulatorhas 4.2 mV/V line regulation, 0.44 mV/mA load regulation and 0.62 ${\mu}s$ output voltage settling time. Finally, in the FF type SPICE parameter set, the LDO regulator has 7.0 mV/V line regulation, 0.56 mV/mA load regulation and 0.27 ${\mu}s$ output voltage settling time.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.145-152
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• 1993

Vegetational data obtained from 15 quadrats of Mt. Daeam area were analysed by applying two multivariate methods : two-way indicator species analysis(TWINSPAN) for classification and detrended canonical correspondence analysis(DCCA) for ordination. The dominant tree species were Quercus mongolica, Acer pseudo-sieboldianum, Betula costata, and Acer mono in descending order. The pH ranges were 5.0 to 5.5 in the 15 sites near bog and 5.3 to 5.4 in the 3 sites within bog. The forest communities in Mt. Daeam were classified into Quercus mongolica-Acer mono, Quercus mongolica-Prunus sargentii, Quercus mongolica-Abies nephrolepis-Acer tschonoskii var, rubripes, and Quercus mongolica-Abies nephrolepis-Betula costata according to the TWINSPAN. The relationships between the distribution of dominant species of forest vegetation and soil in the forest of Mt. Daeam were investigated by analyzing soil nutrition gradient. Quercus mongolica-Prunus sargentii forests were distributed in the good sites in nutrition levels of total nitrogen, cation exchange capacity, $Mg^{+{+}}$ and $Ca^{+{+}}$ but Quercus mongolica-Abies nephrolepis-Betula costata forests in the poor sites in the nutrition levels.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.08a
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• pp.551-555
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• 2006

A new type of diffractive spatial optical modulators, named SOM, has been developed by Samsung Electro-Mechanics for projection display and other applications. A laser display in full HD format $(1920{\times}1080)$ was successfully demonstrated by using prototype projection engines having SOM devices, signal processing circuits, and projection optics.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.134-140
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• 2006

Because shipyard workers are involved with various manufacturing process in shipyard industry, and they are exposed to many kinds of hazardous materials. Especially, painting workers were exposed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). This study was conducted to assess the exposure status of PAH based on job-exposure matrix. We investigated the effect of genetic polymorphism of xenobiotic metabolism enzymes involved in PAH metabolism on levels of urinary metabolite. A total of 93 shipbuilding workers were recruited in this study. Questionnaire variables were age, sex, use of personal protective equipment, smoking, drinking, and work duration. The urinary metabolite was collected in the afternoon and corrected by urinary creatinine concentration. The genotypes of CYP1A1, CYP2E1, GSTM1, GSTT1 and UGT1A6 were investigated by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methods with DNA extracted from venous blood. Urinary 1-OHP levels were significantly higher in direct exposured group (spray and touch-up) than indirect exposed group. Urinary 1-OHP, concentration of the high exposure with wild type of UGT1A6 was significantlyhigher than that of the high exposure with other UGT1A6 genotype. In multiple regression analysis of urinary 1-OHP, the regression coefficient of job grade was statistically significant (p<0.05) and UGT1A6 was not significant but a trend (p<0.1). The grade of exposure affected urinary PAH concentration was statistically significant. But genetic polymorphism of xenobiotics metabolism enzymes was not statistically significant. Further investigation of genetic polymorphism with large sample size is needed.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.1 s.43
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• pp.39-48
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• 2006

U-Pb ages were determined from the granitic rocks from central and northeastern parts of Yeongnam massif. Porphyritic granite of Seosang-myeon, Hamyang-gun near the boundary with Anui-myeon shows age of $225.4{\pm}4.1Ma$. Foliated granodiorites of Anui-myeon, Hamyang-gun and Sinwon-myeon, Geochang-gun are $195.6{\pm}1.8Ma$ and $194.2{\pm}2.4Ma$ old respectively. Granites from Hari-myeon and Buksang-myeon of Geochang-gun show almost identical ages of $198.4{\pm}2.5Ma$ and $194.6{\pm}2.6Ma$ respectively, while foliated granodiorite of Yeongju shows an age ot $171.3{\pm}2.3Ma$. Combining with previously reported results, Triassic granitoids were emplaced almost identically at ca. 225 Ma throughout the areas of Hamyang and Sangju oi Yeongnam massif and Baengnok, Jeomchon and Goesan of Okcheon metamorphic belt. There were significant gap of non-magmatism before the resume of granitic activities over the large areas of Hamyang-gun, Geochang-gun, Gimcheon-si and Seongju-gun from Triassic-Jurassic boundary to early Jurassic, 200-194 Ma. Igneous activity within the Yeongnam massif of this period has not been reported from the Okcheon belt or Gyeonggi massif and may reflect distinct tectonic environment. Around 170 Ma, when Yeongju granodiorite was emplaced, there were active granitic magamtism throughout the Yeongnam massif, Okcheon belt and also Gyeonggi massif.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.282-282
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• 2017

The many factors such as sugar content, moisture, type of bacteria which predominate, buffering capacity, packing and sealing are known to be associated with silage fermentation quality. Among the sugar content are particularly important, because effective silage ensiling relies on the fermentation of sugar content to lactic acid by lactic acid bacteria. Sugar content is also known to affect the protein utilization of rumen. This study was conducted to observe the effect of water soluble carbohydrates on fermentation characteristics and in vitro digestibility of whole crop wheat silage. This experiment was used standard cultivars (Cheongwoo, Hordeum balgare L) and solid breeding line of whole crop wheat. The materials harvested at the 30 after heading day and chopped for making silage, and using this silage carried out in vitro digestibility for 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours. For the feed value, crude protein, NDF, ADF contents showed slightly higher than the before ensiling and TDN contents were slightly lower compared to the before ensiling, but did not show the significantly different. For the sugar contents, fructose and glucose contents were decreased in the after ensiling compared to the before ensiling, there were more reduced at the containing high sugar content wheat. The pH value was lower at containing high sugar content wheat. lactic acid content was significantly higher at the containing high sugar content wheat. Therefore, there was profitable to the production of high quality wheat silage at the higher the sugar content. In in vitro digestibility test, containing high sugar content HW34line showed significantly higher dry matter digestibility at 6 and 12 hours of incubation and amount of NH3-N lower other line in all incubation time. Therefore, there was profitable to the production of high quality wheat silage at the higher the sugar content.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.54-56
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• 2009

Stem rot of perennial statice (Limonium sinuatum) was observed in Un bong, Jeonbuk from 2006 to 2007. Affected plants were randomly distributed in the greenhouses and infection rate was more than 10%. Stem and leaf of statice at soil line were dried and turned brown, initially. As the disease became severe, other stem parts and crowns were turned dark brown and then sunken. The fungal isolates were showed initially white aerial mycelium and turned brown with age. They produced few sclerotia which small, irregularly shaped with pinpoint sized. Mycelia were branched at $90^{\circ}$ angles and multinucleate in one cell. The pathogenicity of causal organism was proved according to Koch's postulates. The causal fungus of stem rot was identified as Rhizoctonia solani based on the cultural and morphological characteristics. This is the first report on stem rot of statice by R. solani in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.159-165
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• 2010

Field strains of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (OR) were tested on their virulence in specific pathogen free (SPF) embryonated chicken eggs and 3-week-old broilers. When infected with three different OR isolates (OR-161, OR-240 and OR-295) through yolk sac infection route, all strains appeared to be highly pathogenic with responsible mortality 66% and 100% within 12 days post infection (DPI). To test the virulence of OR in the commercial broilers, 3 week-old broilers were grouped depends on the inoculation route of OR isolate (OR-295) through five different infection routes; group 1 (IT: intratracheal), group 2 (IM: intramuscular), group 3 (IV: intravenous), group 4 (aerosol) and group 5 [Mixed: NDV (LaSota)+OR aerosol]. Within 5 to 7 days after inoculation, only broilers given NDV+OR were slightly depressed and coughing, and had mild facial redness. Grossly, foamy and yellow-white yogurt like exudate in the air sacs, predominantly in the abdominal air sacs was present. In histology, infiltration of the air sac epithelium and lamina propria by macrophage and polymorphonuclear granulocytes was seen with cell debris and inflammatory cells, correlated with the presence of OR antigen, as demonstrated by immunohistochemistry. Field strains of OR were able to induce high mortality in the embryonated chicken eggs, whereas broilers were less susceptible to OR infection. Interestingly, in the absence of NDV infection, the four groups of OR single infection only different route showed minimal and temporary microscopic air sac lesions. Thus, Newcastle disease virus (LaSota strain) showed triggering effects on the OR infection in chickens.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.382-396
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• 1999

This study was attempted to prove the effect of emotional stability and vital signs applying music therapy program to the children admitted in the PICU. Data were collected from July to September, 1997. The subjects were 30 patients admitted in the PICU of 'S' University Hospital which were divided into two groups of experimental and control. Each group had 15 subjects. Method was nonequivalent control group pretest-postteset repeated design, observing vital signs and activity of subjects prior, during, and after the music intervention. The study tools were cassette tapes of 'Mother's music whose babies want to listen' and Space-lab patient monitor. Data were analyzed using the $SPSS/PC+;x^2$ test and t-test to analyze of the general characteristics ; paired t-test to prove hypotheses. Result were as follows; 1. Infants lower than seven months showed changing into stable vital signs from applying the music therapy, however infants from eight months to three-year old showed no change in vital signs. 2. Vital signs changed to stabilized condition in infants lower than seven months were heart rate and respiration rate. 3. The stability of vital signs during music therapy turned back to the previous state while terminating music therapy. 4. The effect of music therapy in the state of activity had on both infants group of lower than seven months and from eight months to three-year old, particularly more effective in the later group. I recommend follows on the base of above results ; 1. As above results shows, listening to music is effective on infants and toddler, intervention with music therapy appropriate to chidlren's age is hot recommended. 2. Comparative study with noise blocking effect and music therapy effect within the ICU environment be recommended. 3. The repeated study on when the exact time is and how many repeat the music therapy to show the above mentioned effect be recommended. 4. We recommend this music therapy to be done in the recovery room, isolating room, operating room as well as ICU.

• 전자공학회논문지 IE
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.18-23
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• 2012

In this paper, a potable device application for DC-DC converter was designed for voltage protection circuit. Voltage protection circuit to offer the under voltage lock out and over voltage protection consists of a comparator and bais circuits were implemented using. XFAB 1um CMOS process, SPICE simulations was confirmed through the characteristics. Simulation results, under voltage lock out input voltage is 4.8 V higher when the turn-on and, 4.2 V less when turn-off. When the input voltage is low voltage is applied can be used to prevent malfunction of the circuit. Over voltage protection is 3.8 V reference voltage when the output voltage caused by blocking circuit prevents device destruction can be used to improve the stability and reliability. The virtual control circuits of the DC-DC converter connected. According to the results of the abnormal voltage, voltage protection circuit behavior was confirmed. The proposed voltage protection circuit of the DC-DC converter cell is useful are considered.