• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.525-531
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• 2005

This study was carried out to establish the consumer-centric food labeling system by investigating usage state, importance evaluation, problems and satisfaction, etc. on the current food labeling system by consumer. For usage state of checking the food label, 50.2% of respondents were replied ‘mostly check the label’, and they were indicated a significant difference on ‘education level(p<.05)’, and in case of married respondents, most were relied 'absolutely check the label', For the reason to check the food label, 61.8% of respondents were replied 'to determine whether it is stable or not', and they were indicated a significant difference on age(p<.01), marital status(p<.01), and job(p<.01). For the item considered as important things on the label of the whole food, 49.8% of respondents were replied that 'expiration and manufacture date is important', and they were indicated a significant difference(p<.001) on age, marital status, job. For item considered as important things on the label of each food, it was indicated that they considered food company as important thing in case of snack, soft drink, edible oils, and noodles, and food company in case of ice cream, and expiration and manufacture date in case of milk product and meat product. For the problems on the current food labeling system, the clauses 'Poor marking on food additives and materials contents' and 'untrue marking of nutrition contents' were indicated a significant difference on age(p<0.05, p<0.001), and the clause 'untrue marking of nutrition contents' were indicated a significant difference on marital status(p<.01) and job(p<.01).

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.690-693
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• 2008

Recently, the trend has been for buildings to become larger and more sophisticated, and this has created safety issues. Because the buildings are big it takes lots of time to check building codes related to anti-disaster and safety manually, and there is the high possibility of making mistakes. Due to these problems, according to a study, 83% of architecture and construction workers believe that an automated code-checking system is needed. This study researches past automated code checking systems and research activity, and using Building Information Model (BIM) technology, determines the feasibility of developing a system to automatically check domestic codes related to egress and anti-disaster. This paper describes the necessity of an automated building code checking system and expected effects. It then reports whether the methods used in previous studies can be deployed in domestic building code checking and discusses problems and limitations. It also suggests an alternative approach. Although this study covers limited codes related to egress, we need to find out what is needed for automatic general code checking system and do further studies for that.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.202-208
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• 2020

Recently, the importance of non-face-to-face has been emphasized due to COVID-19, and the use of sharing spaces is also expanding. The use of uncontact check-in technology for access control of sharing spaces reduces waiting time and optimizes workers' efficiency, resulting in operational cost savings. In this paper, we propose a sharing space access management system based on a mobile key and RCU (Room Control Unit), access to the facility using a mobile key, and monitor the facility using an RCU. Proposal system is for shared accommodation, rental field (residence, sale-selling hotel), shared office, etc. when there is a one-time visitor on a specific day and time, the corresponding password is delivered to the mobile platform to expose and key the existing password. It is supported by a field-adaptive system that can reduce discomfort such as delivery. In order to test the operation of the proposed integrated system, tests were conducted according to scenarios to understand the overall status of the user's reservation, check-in, and check-out, and a 100% success rate was derived for each item by setting performance indicators to prove test reliability.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.103-110
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• 2021

In this paper, we compare two access control mechanisms for D2D(Device-to-Device) systems in 5G wireless networks and propose an effective access control for 5G D2D networks. Currently, there is no specified access control for 5G D2D networks but there can be two access control approaches for 5G D2D networks. One is the UE-to-Network Relay based access control and the other is the Remote UE(User Equipment) based access control. The former is a UE-to-Network Relay carries out the access control check for 5G D2D networks but the latter is a Remote UE performs the access control check for 5G D2D networks. Through simulation and evaluation, we finally propose the Remote UE based access control for D2D systems in 5G wireless networks. The proposed approach minimizes signalling overhead between the UE-to-Network Relay and the Remote UE and more efficiently performs the access control check, when the access control functionalities are different from the UE-to-Network Relay in 5G D2D networks.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.167-175
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• 1971

A pot experiment with an acid sulfate soil from Kimhae was carried out to find out the cause of toxicity in rice plant. The effect of liming on changes in pH, Eh, Al, and $Fe^{2+}$ in soil and leachate was examined at two-week interval during the growth of rice. Also, total $P_2O_5$, $SiO_2$, Fe and Al contents in plants at harvesting stage were determined. In the early stage, the rice plant in the check soil showed the same healthy growth as did in limed soil even at high Al in soil and leachate. Around panicle forming stage, reddish brown mottlings suddenly infested all over the plants when accompanied with strong reduction, and afterward growth was severely retarded, and finally caused the significant difference in yield. During the strong reduction, significant amount of sulfide was formed only in check soils, but no free $H_2S$ was detected. Appreciable Al was still present in soil and leachate, and $Fe^{2+}$ in check soil was lower than that in limed soil, but $Fe^{2+}$ in leachate was slightly higher. Limed soils were more reduced and produced more $Fe^{2+}$ due to increased microorganism activity in the neutral pH. In the leachate, the check showed slightly higher $Fe^{2+}$ concentration but considerably higher than limed one at later stage. Appreciable amount of Al was detected only in check soil and leachate from transplanting to panicle formation stage. Plant tissues at harvesting stage contained very low P regardless of liming. Uptake of Si was markedly increased by liming. Contents of Fe an Al was markedly higher in check than limed one, but difference in Fe content was more drastic possibly due to more Fe uptake in presence of markedly higher $Fe^{2+}$ in soil and leachate at later growing stage. In conclusion toxic symptom in this acid sulfate soil seems to be primarily due to Al when accompanied with low pH and strong reduction. But association with $Fe^{2+}$ toxicity is not completely excluded. In order to differentiate the effect of $Fe^{2+}$ from that of Al more detailed plant analysis at different stage is required.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
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• 2007.04a
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• pp.3-6
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• 2007

The GPS baseline processing and the network adjustment was required a preliminary classification and check for effective work because the observation data of GPS $3^{rd}$ order control points are enormous attain to about 12,000 points. Particularly, in baseline processing and network adjustment a inaccuracy GPS antenna heights and point names yield a gross error or a S/W computation error. For the baseline processing of observation data, the related all materials were collected and were required a final check. The factor occurring a error, in GPS the baseline processing, were inspected variously after a checking observation data. Also, baseline processing method of GPS $3^{rd}$ order control points were commented and the analysis carry out a results with a experiment. The ellipsoidal distance and height of duplication baseline was compared between adjoin campaign areas for a accuracy analysis of baseline processing. According to the result, the mean is about 1cm for horizontal direction and about 2cm for vertical direction.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.226-234
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was to examine health status, reproductive health problems and the degree of prenatal management in working women. Method: The subjects were 902 married working women among 2,000 women selected by cluster sampling. The work area was classified to product factory, school, office, etc. After an Informed consent was obtained, participants were asked to fill out a self-administered questionnaire. The instruments included a questionnaire, parity check list, menstrual problems and gynecologic problem check list. Result: Many women have experienced menstrual cycle change during the past year. There was a significant difference in general health, menstrual regularity, reproductive health and prenatal management by occupation type. 40.6 percent of the subjects have gynecological problems such as menstrual cycle change, perineal inflammation, irregular vaginal bleeding, amenorrhea, ovarian/uterine disease, infertility, or abortion. Prenatal care was received in only 28.5% of the total subjects. In addition, 16.3% answered they had experienced low birth weight babies. Conclusion: We can conclude that working woman have changes in menstruation cycle and in reproductive health status. Therefore, we suggest that some occupational characteristics may affect subject's reproductive health, these should be clear and avoided as much as possible.

• International Journal of Railway
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.43-49
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• 2009

Wear and rolling contact fatigue (RCF) defects are most important causes of rail damage, and often interaction competitive at present railway track. Head check is one of rolling contact fatigue (RCF) defects, and generally occurs in mild circular curves and transition curves that are set at both ends of sharp circular curves. Wear tends to limit the crack growth of head checks by removing the material from the RCF surface. In order to clarify the conditions of the occurrence and growth of head checks, the authors measured the interacting forces between wheels and rails and the angle of attack of wheelset, and carried out contact analyses using the actual profile data of wheels and rails. The effects of the lateral force, the contact geometry, and the wear rate at rail gauge comer on the formation of head checks were also analyzed by using the worn profiles of actual wheels and rails and the data obtained by a track inspection car. Some specific range of wear rate at the gauge comer was identified as having close relation with occurrence of head checks.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.273-284
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• 2013

Purpose: The study was done to identify the effects of OSCE program prior to clinical practice for nursing students and to find out the weakest area of fundamental nursing skills. Methods: Study design was methodological triangulation. Qualitative analysis was done to derive nursing students' OSCE experiences using OSCE reflection note. Level of basic nursing skill acquirement was identified by quantitative method. Results: Four themes and 10 sub-categories emerged: (a) confidence and interests in nursing being increased, (b) being encouraged by mentor and evaluator, (c) requiring much effort to learn nursing skill, (d) being aware of themselves and understanding others in their shoes. Results of analysis of OSCE application score record showed as followings ; Intravenous injection(92.6%), Intramuscular injection(89.5%), Foley catheterization(85.2%), Vital sign(81.5%): BP check(63.0%) Respiration check(50.0%), Health assessment: respiration sound auscultation(33.3%) heart sound auscultation(44.4%). Conclusion: OSCE program application before frist clinical nursing practice was effective in terms of fundamental nursing skills learning. It is necessary to reinforce nursing skills based on the study results.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.545-551
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• 2009

In naval architecture and offshore engineering, the development and a broad use has been achieved in the field of flow control valves for pipe system. Butterfly valves are also widely used for flow control, but there are not many studies for triple-eccentric butterfly valves. Moreover, if the fluid of pipeline flows in the bi-direction then it makes more complicate to adapt triple-eccentric butterfly valves to flow control. In this study, we are trying to develop a bi-directional triple-eccentric butterfly valve through sealing mechanism and stem design study. Digital mockup using 3D CAD was constructed for shape interference check and structural analysis was conducted for structural safety. Also we performed leakage test to check out the durability of the bi-directional pressure for the developed valve.