• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.5363-5368
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• 2014

본 논문은 소양호 유역을 대상으로 배수구역의 유달오염부하량을 산정하여 유황 및 계절변화에 따른 소양호 유역에 미치는 기여율을 평가 하였다. 유황변화에 따른 배수구역의 기여율을 보면 인북천 유역의 SS와 T-P 항목이 평수량 이상과 저수량 기간에서 46%와 51%의 기여율을 T-P는 평수량 49.5%, 저수량 기간은 48.5%의 기여율을 보였다. 다음으로 계절 변화에 따른 기여율을 관찰한 결과, 인북천 SS 항목이 전 계절 동안 39.6%에서 44.3%를 T-P는 53.8%로 다른 배수구역에 비하여 높은 기여율을 보였다. T-N은 전 계절에서 내린천 유역이 39.6%에서 44.3%의 기여율을 보였다. 전체적으로 인북천 유역의 SS와 T-P 항목, 내린천의 T-N이 소양호 유역의 오염물질 유출에 높은 기여율을 보였다.

• 대한약리학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.37-39
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• 1968

A method for presenting the heart rate of intact animals as a kymographic record is described. A transistorized impulse generator with a dry battery power supply is used to produce pulses. The pulses are integrated and make a pen motor drived. The ability of the instrument to follow a wide range of heart rate change is demonstrated. The instrument is especially usefull to observe an acute and transitory heart rate change. A method for changing the heart beat to sound and a method for counting the heart rate of intact animal and isolated preparations by employing post office counter were also described.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.463-468
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• 2003

This study observed change of survival rate, activity and foot structure of the equilateral venus (Gomphina veneriformis) exposed to cadmium. Survival rate and activity of the clam exposed to cadmium was reduced with increase of exposure duration and concentration. Change of survival rate and activity was observed in the early exposure time (7 days) in the condition of above 1 77 mg/L and 0.88 mg/L, respectively. Activity reduction of the clam exposed to cadmium seems to be caused by epidermal layer deformation, muscle fiber fragmentation and muscular layer collapse of the foot.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.92-101
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• 1996

In a gasoline engine, the characteristics of air flow is very important not only for the design of the intake system geometry bout also for the accurate measurement of the induction air mass. In this study, an air flow rate measurement of the induction air mass. In this study, an air flow rate measurement was conducted by using the hot wire flow meter at the upstream of the intake port and the throttle. At the upstream of the throttle, the overshoot phenomena of the air flow rate by fast throttle opening were analyzed with choked flow. At the upstream of the intake port, the cylinder variation of the air flow rate and the difference between fast throttle opening and closing were showed during the unsteady state by the throttle step change. The results of this study can be used for the design of the throttle valve geometry and cylinder by cylinder control.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.327-336
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• 1996

The effect of dynamic strain aging on high temperature deformation behaviour of the A-Mg alloy was investigated by strain rate change tests and stress relaxation tests between 20$0^{\circ}C$and 50$0^{\circ}C$. Yield point, short stress transient and periodic discontinuities on the stress-strain curve were considered as an evidence of the effect of dynamic strain aging. With this criterion two distinct strain rate-temperature regimes could be manifested. Dynamic strain aging was considered to be effective in the high temperature-low strain rate regime, whereas dynamic recovery was a dominant deformation mechanism in the low temperature-high strain rate regime. It was found that dynamic strain aging in the high temperature deformation was governed by the mechcanism of diffusion-controlled, viscous dislocation movement.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.280-284
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• 1985

Kinetic measurements of the 5-nitrofurfural-hydrazine reaction in various pH ranges of aquous solution were carried out by ultraviolet spectrophotometry at $25^{\circ},\;35^{\circ}\;and\;45^{\circ}C$. The observed rate of the reaction varies with the change in pH, which gives characteristic "bell-type" rate acidity profile. The maximum rate is shown in the vicinity of pH 4. This reaction procceds with rate-determining attack of hydrazine on the 5-nitrofurfural at low pH and undergoes a change in rate-determining step to dehydration of the addition intermediate as pH increases. The reaction has a "reactant-like transition state" which precedes intermediate in low pH and "product-like transition state" which follows it in neutral pH. The geometry of 5-nitrofurfural-hydrazine intermediate was estimated with PCILO method associated with CNDO/2 scheme.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.168-176
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• 2014

This paper presents an engine oil change warning algorithm based on the test results of a small dip-stick-gage-type engine-oil-deterioration-detection sensor, software to realize the algorithm and a display device to apply the software. The algorithm determines the engine oil deterioration condition from the rate of change in the dielectric constant based on the average measured capacitance at $80^{\circ}C$ after the engine stops. The rate of change in the dielectric constant at the time for oil change correlates with the time that one of recommended warning limits for engine oil physical properties such as TAN (Total Acid Number), TBN (Total Base Number) and viscosity is first reached. At this point, a warning signal for oil change appears on the display device like a smart-phone or individual display device. The frames of smartphone app have three stages. The user can directly input all of the thresholds into the frame of the smartphone app. The screen of the display device comprises one frame for each warning signature with the related message. The user can input the thresholds to the device through a USB cable connected to a personal computer.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.9-20
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• 1981

This study was performed to determine the correlationship between temperature and overall removals of BOD, SS and to demonstrate the effect of temperature on treatment performance. These data for a period from February 1, 1977 to January 31, 1980 were obtained from the Cheong-Gye Cheon Sewage Treatment plant. The results of correlation and stepwise multiple regression analysis were as follows. 1) Secondary effluent BOD and SS showed negative correlationship with water temperature, with correlation coefficient of -0.1710, and -0.1654 respectively. 2) Correlation coefficient of BOD, SS removal rate and water temperature were 0.1823 and 0.0429 respectively. 3) Regresion equation for estimate of BOD removal rate was as follows $\widehat{Y}_1$ (BOD removal rate)=63.9994+0.5442X(water temperature). And BOD removal rate showed non significant change according to the water temperature. 4) Regression equation for estimate of SS removal rate was as follows $\widehat{Y}_2$ (SS removal rate)=61.6881+0.1514X(Water temperature). And SS removal rate showed non significant change according to the water temperature. 5) According to the Stepwise Multiple Regression analysis, water temperature ranked second order in the BOD removal rate estimation and the equation was as follows $\widehat{Y}_1$ (BOD removal rate)=69.7398+0.2665 $X_1$ (Primary effluent BOD)+0.3562 $X_2$ (Water temperature)-0.0122 $X_3(Flow)+4413.271X_4$ (Organic Loading).

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.19-23
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• 2017

Based on a simultaneous-equation model consisting of aggregate demand and short-run aggregate supply, this paper estimates a reduced-form equation specifying that the equilibrium real GDP is a function of the real effective exchange rate, the government deficit as a percent of GDP, the real interest rate, foreign income, labor productivity, the real oil price, the expected inflation rate, and the interactive and intercept binary variables accounting for a potential change in the slope of the real effective exchange rate and shift in the intercept. Applying the exponential GARCH technique, it finds that aggregate output in Australia has a positive relationship with the real effective exchange rate during 2003.Q3 - 2013.Q2, the government deficit as a percent of GDP, U.S. real GDP, labor productivity and the real oil price and a negative relationship with the real effective exchange rate during 2013.Q3 - 2016.Q1, the real lending rate and the expected inflation rate. These results suggest that real appreciation was expansionary before 2013.Q3 whereas real depreciation was expansionary after 2013.Q2 and that more government deficit as a percent of GDP would be helpful to stimulate the economy. Hence, the impact of real appreciation or real depreciation on real GDP may change overtime.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.128-133
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 스트로보광의 자극효과를 검토할 목적으로 스트로보광 강도에 따른 전갱이의 반응을 심박수의 변화로 조사하였다. 실험은 10$Hz$의 스트로보광강도(75 lx$\cdot$s)를 1/2, 1/5, 1/15로 빛의 세기를 감소시켜, 4단계의 강도별로 심박수를 자극 전 10분간, 자극 중 30분간, 자극 후 20분간 합계 60분간을 2시간마다 3회 연속해서 측정하였다. 그 결과, 스트로보광자극 중의 심박수 증가와 자극 종료직후에 일시적으로 현저한 심박수 감소가 있었다. 스트로보광 자극효과는 자극강도의 감광에 따라 감소하였다. 반복실험에 의한 자극효과는 75 lx$\cdot$s의 강도보다 약한 스크로보광 강도에서는 현저하게 나타나지 않았다.