• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.597-603
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• 2005

In this study, we try to determine the distributive property in southwest coastal waters, such as K wang-yang bay, Ka-mak bay, Yeo-ja bay, Wan-do, Hea-nam, Young-gwang, and Mok-po, using simultaneous analytical method of 310 chemicals. The results were detected tens of the organic pollutants in sampling sites, and the major chemicals detected were CH type chemicals such as aliphatic, polycyclic compounds and were CHN(O) type chemicals such as aromatic amines, nitro compounds, In particular, pesticides were mainly detected in summer, phenols and phthalate esters were not seasonal effect. Also, a number of aromatic chemicals were detected in Kwang-yang bay, From the results of this study, we confirmed that it is mainly contaminated in summer and the pesticide chemicals are the major pollutants in southwest coastal waters.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.388-395
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• 2004

본 연구는 노지고추재배시 돈분뇨액비 적정시용량을 설정하고자 무비료, 화학비료의 토양검정시비 및 돈분뇨액비의 4수준을 두어 포장시험을 수행하였다. 정식후 50일 및 시험후 토양의 유기물함량은 토양검정시비 보다 돈분뇨액비구에서 높은 반면 질산태질소함량은 토양검정시비구가 돈분뇨액비 시용구보다 높았다. 고추의 초장은 정식후 50일에는 무비구를 제외하고 처리간에 차이가 없었으나, 정식후 100일에는 무비구, 돈분뇨액비60 및 80 처리에 비하여 토양검정, 돈분뇨액비 100 및 120 처리에서 고추의 초장이 컸다. 그러나 고추의 주경장 및 경태는 무비구를 제외하고 처리간에 차이가 거의 없었다. 고추의 비료성분 흡수 이용율은 질소: 27-44%, 인산, 9-16%, 가리: 41-68%이었으며, 돈분뇨액비60> 돈분뇨액비60> 토양검정시비> 돈분뇨액비100> 돈분뇨액비120처리 순이었다. 고추의 수량은 토야검정에 비하여 돈분뇨액비 100처리에서3% 증가하였으며 돈분뇨액비 120처리는 같은 수준이었다. 고추는 비닐피복재배로 유거수중 화학성분은 처리간에 큰 차이 없었다. 고추재배 기간동안에 온실가스 배출량은 무비구, 토양검정구 그리고 돈분뇨액비 100처리에서 $CH_4$는 각각 4.0, 4.8 그리고 $5.9kg\;ha^{-1}$이었고, $N_2O$는 각각 0.74, 6.63 그리고 $8.38kg\;ha^{-1}$ 로 토양검정구에 비하석 돈분뇨액비 처리에서 $CH_4$와 $N_2O$가 각각 23 및 26% 높았다. 따라서 노지고추 재배시 6개월 이상 부숙된 돈분뇨액비를 토양검정시비수준의 질소량에 해당하는 100-120% 수준을 밑거름으로 시용하고, 웃거름은 화학비료로 시용하는 기준을 추천하고자 한다.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.86-98
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• 1998

폭풍 해일의 예측을 위한 초기 자료로서의 정보를 공급하기 위하여 태풍 중심과 최대 풍속 지점의 분석 기술이 기압장과 바람장의 초기화 과정내에서 개발되었다. 이 연구는 태풍 파라메타의 준자동화와 준객관 분석을 목적으로 하였으며 GMS 적외선과NOAA의 채널 4와 5의 적외 자료를 이용하여 실시간 자료를 사용하는 분석 과정과 이로부터 몇 사례에 적용하여 얻은 결과를 보이고 있다. 이 방법은 태풍의 최근접 눈벽 근처에서 대류운의 운정 고도를 분석하여 태풍 파라메타를 결정하는 간단한 방법이다. 태풍눈을 중심으로 등방성으로 원대칭하게 단면도를 구성하여 최대 운정 고도가 나타나는 지점을 최대 풍속 지점으로 결정하는 방법으로, 최대 상승 지역인 눈벽 지점이 최대 지상 풍속 지점으로 간주되었다. 태풍 중심의 추정 결과는 종관 분석에 의한 경로와 잘 일치하였으며, 최대 풍속 지점은 눈에서부터 50에서 200km내에 나타났다. GMS와 NOAA의 적외 자료를 이용한 분석 결과를 비교하면, NOAA 자료에서 얻은 최대 풍속 반경이 GMS의 그것보다 더 큰 값을 보였다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제31권9호
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• pp.525-531
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• 2021

Carbon-encapsulated Ni catalysts are synthesized by an electrical explosion of wires (EEW) method and applied for CO₂ methanation. We find that the presence of carbon shell on Ni nanoparticles as catalyst can positively affect CO₂ methanation reaction. Ni@5C that is produced under 5 % CH₄ partial pressure in Ar gas has highest conversions of 68 % at 350 ℃ and 70 % at 400 ℃, which are 73 and 75 % of the thermodynamic equilibrium conversion, respectively. The catalyst of Ni@10C with thicker carbon layer shows much reduced activity. The EEW-produced Ni catalysts with low specific surface area outperform Ni catalysts with high surface area synthesized by solution-based precipitation methods. Our finding in this study shows the possibility of utilizing carbon-encapsulated metal catalysts for heterogeneous catalysis reaction including CO₂ methanation. Furthermore, EEW, which is a highly promising method for massive production of metal nanoparticles, can be applied for various catalysis system, requiring scaled-up synthesis of catalysts.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.183-194
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• 2017

Objectives: Chijasitang (CJST) has been prescribed for patients with anxiety disorder, and is believed to treat insomnia. The present study was carried out to investigate whether Fructus Gardeniae, Fermented Semen Sojae Preparatum and CJST have beneficial effects on treating anti-stress. Methods: The mice were divided into the following groups: normal, control, positive control, and experimental. Then, the experimental groups were further divided into the Fructus Gardeniae group (FG), the Fermented Semen Sojae Preparatum group (FS), the Chijasitang water extract group (CJSTW), and the Chijasitang 30% ethanol extract group (CJSTE). In the positive control group, a single dose of imipramine ($500{\mu}g/g$) was applied to the mice. In the experimental groups, each single dose of FG, FS, CJSTW and CJSTE ($50{\mu}g/g$) was applied to the mice. After one hour, the mice in all groups except the normal group were exposed to immobilization stress. Their body weights, phagocytosis, nitric oxide in macrophage, corticosterone, and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) were observed. Results: Fructus Gardeniae, Fermented Semen Sojae Preparatum and Chijasitang prevented weight loss and suppressed the decrease of phagocytosis in the mice after their exposure to immobilization-stress. Although they did not influence the amount of NO, they suppressed the increment of ACTH and corticosterone in the immobilization-stressed mice. Conclusions: According to the results of this study, they suggest that Fructus Gardeniae, Fermented Semen Sojae Preparatum and Chi-Ja-Si-Tang all have some anti-stress effects.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.263-268
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• 2003

Recently, we identified a domain, termed MIRC3-4, for the protein-protein interaction between yeast chitin synthase 3 (CHS3) and chitin synthase 4 (CHS4). In this study, the functional roles of MIRC3-4 were examined at the G1 phase and cytokinesis of the cell cycle by Calcofluor staining and FISH. Some mutations in MIRC3-4 resulted in disappearance of the chitin ring in the early G1 phase, but did not affect chitin synthesis in the cell wall at cytokinesis. The chitin distribution in chs4 mutant cells indicated that CHS4 was involved in the synthesis of chitinring in the G1 phase and in the synthesis of cell wall chitin after cytokinesis, suggesting that Chs4p regulates chitin synthase 3 activity differently in G1 and cytokinesis. Absence of the chitin ring could be caused either by delocalization of Chs3p to the bud-neck or by improper interaction with Chs4p. When mutant cells were immunostained with a Chs3p-specific antibody to discriminate between these two alternatives, the mutated Ch3p was found to localize to the neck in all MIRC3-4 mutants. These results strongly irdicate that Chs4p regulates Chs3p as an activator but not a recruiter.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.103-117
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• 1993

The purpose of this study is to clarify the adaptation of beauty of traditional dress depicted contemporary Korean fashion design. For this purpose, the external form and the internal meaning based on 'the double roots' proposed by W$\ddot{o}$lfflin were analyzed in Korean traditional dress. Documentary studies and objective studies were done with descriptive and content analytic methods. And homospatial process was devised in order to develop the traditional identity in contemporary fashion design. The results were as follows: 1. As the external form, H. O. A silhouette, chogori, ch'ima, paji, and po concerning internal type, kaftan, flat form related to structured type were represented. Traditional color sense were love of white, contrasting as well as analogous color harmony shown often in nature phenomena, and temperate achromatic color harmony. Texture were characterized as rough and coarse expressing vividness, fine and smooth expressing delicateness and tenderness. As the internal meaning, the beauty of purity related to nature, tragedy, and symbolism were represented. 2. Since 1980's. Korean fashion designers frequently applied unstructural kaftan form and H silhouette to Korean fashion design, and sought natural and pliable line in whole dress. Use of white and achromatic color harmony as well as use of linnen were prominent. Designers' aesthetic consciousness was pursuit of the beauty of nature. Representative designers who concentrated on expressing traditional beauty were Lee Shinwoo, Sul Yoonhyung, Jin Taiok and others. 3. A homospatial process could be a method in the creative design which enables to express Korean identity in fashion design, and could suggest ideas of new designs full of Korean identity by superimposed and fused imaginery.

• 한국철학논집
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• 제29호
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• pp.255-280
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• 2010

도교(道敎)의 내단이론(內丹理論)을 집성한 인물을 꼽으면, 단연 장백단(張伯端)일 것이다. 그는 『오진편(悟眞篇)』과 『청화비문(靑華秘文)』 및 『금단사백자(金丹四百字)』 등 3편의 저술을 남긴 것으로 알려져 있으며, 연구자들은 이것을 토대로 연구를 진행하고 있다. 그러나 과연 이 모두가 그의 저술인지에 대해서는 의문을 가지고 있으면서도 정확한 분석을 가하지 않은 채로 잠정적으로 인정하고 있거나, 단순하게 믿고 있는 정도일 뿐이다. 철학적 태도에서 정확성과 엄밀성은 필수적이다. 일차적 자료에 대한 철저한 검증이 없는 연구는 그야말로 사상누각에 불과하다. 본고에서는 도교 내단사상의 연구에 있어 가장 큰 비중을 차지한다고 할 수 있는 장백단의 저술에 대한 치밀한 분석을 가하여, 앞으로 그에 대한 철학적 분석의 명백한 기초를 확립하려는데 목적이 있다. 장백단은 80세가 넘은 나이에 도를 얻고서 아주 늦은 나이에 그 비결(秘訣)을 기록으로 남기고 제자에게 단법(丹法)을 전하였다. 그리고 그는 살아서가 아니라 죽은 다음 일정한 세월이 지난 후에 위상이 높아졌다. 내단도교에서 중요한 비중을 갖게 된 그의 위치로 인하여 그의 저술에 대한 관심이 고조되었고, 따라서 그의 이름에 의탁한 책들이 유포되었다고 보인다. 본 연구에서는 진위(眞僞)에 대해서 확정하지 못하고 있는 장백단의 저술에 대해서, '오진편(悟眞篇)'에 「자서(自序)」·「칠언사운(七言四韻) 16수(首)」·「칠언절구(七言絶句) 64수(首)」·「오언율시(五言律詩) 1수(首)」·「서강월(西江月) 12수(首)」 및 「후서(後序)」를 배당하고, '오진외편(悟眞外篇)'을 오진편습유(悟眞篇拾遺)라고 하여 「선종가송시곡잡언(禪宗歌頌詩曲雜言) 32수(首)」를 넣어야 할 것으로 판단하였다. 그리고 '오진편(悟眞篇) 외(外)'라고 하여 『금단사백자(金丹四百字)』와 『청화비문(靑華秘文)』, 그리고 「서강월(西江月)」 1수와 칠언절구(七言絶句) 5수(首), 「독주역삼동결(讀周易參同契)」·「증백룡동유도인가(贈白龍洞劉道人歌)」·「석교가(石橋歌)」를 포함시키면 적절하다고 보았다. 그리고 몇 가지의 논거(論據)를 제시하여 『금단사백자』나 『청화비문』은 장백단의 저술일 가능성이 매우 희박하여 후인들의 위작(僞作)일 것이라는 사실을 논증하였다.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2005

Application of a new photocatalyst has been attempted to improve the efficiency and rates of photocatalytic degradation of azo dyes by using a model dye such as Methyl Orange. As a new photocatalyst, $TiO_2$ encapsulated EFAL-removed zeolite Y ($TiO_2$ /EFAL-removed zeolite Y) has been synthesized by ion-exchange in the mixture of EFAL-removed zeolite Y with 0.05 M aqueous [$(NH_4)_2 TiO(C_2O_4)_2.H_2O$] [$TiO(C_2O_4)_2.H_2O$]. This new photocatalyst has been characterized by measuring XRD, IR and reflectance absorption spectra as well as ICP analysis, and it was found that the framework structure of $TiO_2$ /EFAL-removed zeolite Y is not changed by removing the extra-framework aluminum (EFAL) from the normal zeolite Y and the $TiO_2$ inside the photocatalyst exists in the form of $(TiO^{2+})_n$ nanoclusters. Based on the ICP analysis, the Si/Al ratio of the $TiO_2$ /EFAL-removed zeolite Y and the weight of $TiO_2$ were determined to be 23 and 0.061g in 1.0g photocatalyst, respectively. It was also found that adsorption of the azo dye in the $TiO_2$ /EFAL-removed zeolite is very effective (about 80 % of the substrate used). This efficient adsorption contributes to the synergistic photocatalytic activities of the $TiO_2$ /EFAL-removed zeolite by minimizing the required flux diffusion of the substrate. Thus, the photocatalytic reduction of methyl orange (MO) was found to be 8 times more effective in the presence of $TiO_2$ /EFAL-removed zeolite Y than in the presence of $TiO_2$ /normal zeolite Y. Furthermore, the photocatalytic reduction of MO by using 1.0 g of the $TiO_2$ /EFAL-removed zeolite Y containing 0.061g of $TiO_2$ is much faster than that carried out by using 1.0 g of Degussa P-25.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.142-170
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• 2011

Objective : The purpose of this study is to investigate dizziness of Plain Questions $\ll$素問$\gg$ and Miraculous Pivot $\ll$靈樞$\gg$. Methods : We conducted a study on the original text paragraphs of Internal Classic $\ll$內經$\gg$ containing the dizziness and analysis of Yang, Ma, Zhang, Wang etc. We drew a parallel between dizziness from Internal Classic $\ll$內經$\gg$and matching diagnoses from western medicine. Results : The results were as follows. 1. Dizziness in Ok Ki Jin Jiang Ron <玉機眞藏論> and Pyo Bon Byeong Jeon Ron <標本病傳論> had relation to liver and was similar to dizziness caused by tension, hypertension, anemia and cerebrovascular accident etc. in western medicine. 2. Dizziness in Ja Yeol<刺熱>, O Sa<五邪> and Hai Ron<海論> had relation to kidney and was similar to dizziness caused by aging and peripheral vertigo concurrent with tinnitus and difficulty in hearing in western medicine. 3. Dizziness in O Sa<五邪> had relation to heart(pericardium) and was similar to dizziness caused by cardiac output loss and psychogenic dizziness in western medicine. 4. In Internal Classic $\ll$內經$\gg$ the main etiology of dizziness was infirmity(虛), which were Qi(氣) of the upper portion of the body being insufficient(上氣不足), blood depletion(血枯), deficiency of marrow-reservoir(髓海不足) etc. 5. In Dae Hok Ron<大惑論> etiology and pathogenesis of dizziness were mentioned and dizziness was similar to dizziness caused by eye disorder, psychogenic dizziness and central dizziness in western medicine. 6. In Internal Classic $\ll$內經$\gg$ the meridian of acupuncture points which was used much for dizziness was Bladder Meridian. Aqupunture points used in treatment of dizziness were Ch'onju(天柱), Kollyun(崑崙), Taejo, Chok-t'ongkok(足通谷) etc. Conclusion : We found out etiology, pathogenesis, treatments of dizziness in Internal Classic $\ll$內經$\gg$. Further we compared with western medicine to develop better understanding of dizziness.