• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제60권1호
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• pp.35-38
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• 2022

Cerebral toxoplasmosis is often life-threatening in an immunocompromised patient due to delayed diagnosis and treatment. Several differential diagnoses could be possible only with preoperative brain images of cerebral toxoplasmosis which show multiple rim-enhancing lesions. Due to the rarity of cerebral toxoplasmosis cases in Korea, the diagnosis and treatment are often delayed. This paper concerns a male patient whose cerebral toxoplasmosis was activated 21 years post kidney transplantation. Brain open biopsy was decided to make an exact diagnosis. Cerebral toxoplasmosis was confirmed by immunohistochemistry and PCR analyses of the tissue samples. Although cerebral toxoplasmosis was under control with medication, the patient did not recover clinically and died due to sepsis and recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.316-319
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• 2012

A 24-year-old man presented with mental change, fever, abdominal pain, tenderness and palpable mass on the lower abdomen. He was a non-Korean engineer and did not accompany a legal guardian, so medical history taking was difficult due to his mental status. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed multiple rim-enhanced lesions of the brain, and abdominal computed tomography showed huge paraspinal abscess. Chest X-ray and computed tomography showed poorly defined nodular opacities. We initially thought that this patient was infected with toxoplasmosis with typical cerebral image finding and immunoglobulin laboratory finding of cerebrospinal fluid and serum study. The abdominal abscess was confirmed as tuberculosis through the pathologic finding of caseous necrosis. We used anti-tuberculosis medication and anti-toxoplasmosis medication for almost 4 months, and then his clinical state and radiological findings were considerably improved.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.196-200
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• 2006

선천성 톡소포자충증은 산모로부터 Toxopalsma gondii가 수직 감염되어 유발되는 질환으로, 임상양상은 매우 다양해서 사산 혹은 분만 직후 사망하는 경우부터 중추신경계 손상을 나타내기도 하며 증상이 없기도 하나, 대부분 안 병변을 동반한다. 저자들은 최근까지 아프리카에서 거주하였던 산모로부터 분만된 미숙아에서 미숙아 망막증 추적검사 중 맥락망막염이 발견되고, 톡소포자충 IgM 항체 양성을 보여 선천성 톡소포자충증으로 확진한 환자를 경험하여 보고하는 바이다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.749-753
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• 2015

Toxoplasma gondii atypical type II genotype was diagnosed in a pet peach-faced lovebird (Agapornis roseicollis) based on histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and multilocus DNA typing. The bird presented with severe neurological signs, and hematology was suggestive of chronic granulomatous disease. Gross post-mortem examination revealed cerebral hemorrhage, splenomegaly, hepatitis, and thickening of the right ventricular free wall. Histologic sections of the most significant lesions in the brain revealed intralesional protozoan organisms associated with malacia, spongiform changes, and a mild histiocytic response, indicative of diffuse, non-suppurative encephalitis. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the causative organisms to be T. gondii. DNA isolated from the brain was used to confirm the presence of T. gondii DNA. Multilocus genotyping based on SAG1, altSAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PK1, and Apico markers demonstrated the presence of ToxoDB PCR-RFLP genotype #3 and B1 gene as atypical T. gondii type II. The atypical type II strain has been previously documented in Australian wildlife, indicating an environmental transmission route.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.70-73
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• 2016

Necrotizing meningoencephalitis (NME) is a unique idiopathic nonsuppurative inflammatory disease of central nervous system in small-sized breed dogs. A 9-year-old intact male Shih-Tzu dog with anorexia, vomiting, salivation and intermittent seizures was submitted to the Jeju National University for diagnosis. Grossly, there were no obvious lesions in the brain, except dilatation of most blood vessels in meninges. Histopathologically, brain revealed severe multifocal nonsuppurative inflammation in perivascular area of meninges and cerebral cortex. Some areas of cerebral parenchyma were replaced with lots of macrophages contained periodic acid-Schiff positive materials. Many new-formed blood vessels were observed around the necrotic regions using Gomori reticulum stain. Immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction were negative for toxoplasmosis and canine distemper virus. Based on the gross, histopathologic features and antigen detection methods, this case was diagnosed as NME. Here we reported the NME in relatively uncommon breed, Shih-Tzu dog, than other small breed dogs.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.441-445
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• 1996

A case of necrotizing meningoencephalitis was described in a 3-year-old female pug dog. Significant histopathological changes were confined to the brain. Histopathologically, brain lesion of the pug dog was characterized by (1) severe lymphocyte, plasma cell and macrophage infiltration in the meninges and gray and white matter of the cerebral hemisphere, (2) perivascular mononuclear cell cuffing and (3) focal polioencephalomalacia in the gray matter of cerebrum. Replicate sections of the brain and lung were negative for fungal infection, canine distemper and toxoplasmosis on PAS stain and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Based on clinical signs, histopathological and immunohistochemical studies, this case was diagnosed as necrotizing meningoencephalitis in pug dog that had not been preriously described in Korea.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.291-295
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• 2009

A dead stray cat was necropsied for zoonotic feline disease monitoring. Grossly, there were no specific lesions. Major microscopic lesions included lymphocytic meningoencephalitis, malacia, and tissue cysts in the cerebral and cerebellar cortex. The size and shape of tissue cysts were identical to those of Apicomplexa including Toxoplasma (T.) gondii. Bradyzoites in the tissue cyst were strongly positive for T. gondii by immunohistochemistry. Electron microscopy revealed that bradyzoites within the tissue cyst were similar to the morphological features of T. gondii. Fresh tissue samples were examined by a polymerase chain reaction assay and resulted in a specific band of T. gondii only in the brain. Based on the results, this case was diagnosed as toxoplasmosis. This is the first case of toxoplasmic meningoencephalitis in a cat in Korea.