• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.312-318
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the evidence that therapeutic horseback riding can improve balance, muscle, ADL, equivalenc, GMFM, gait, emotion with developmental disabilities and neural patients. Methods: To conduct meta-analysis, the search focused on studies that employed therapeutic horseback riding for developmental disabilities and neural patients for which eight databases (KIS, RISS, DBpia, National Assembly Library, Pubmed, Embase, Google scholar and Cochrane Library) were used to extract literature published from 2002 to September 2019. The data were analyzed the RevMan 3.5.3 program. Results: As a result of meta-analysis, therapeutic horseback riding total effect size is 0.552 for children with developmental disabilities and neural patients. And effect size result of according to assessment type variable first, balance effect size is 0.594. Second, muscle activities effect size is 0.425. Third, ADL effect size is 0.430. Fourth, equivalance effect size is 0.640. Fifth, GMFM effect size is 0.482. Sixth, gait effect size is 0.400 and seventh emotion effect size is 0.876. Conclusion: These findings is horseback riding is effective The effect size by outcome was observed to be the effective for children with developmental disabilities and neural patients. and also the horseback riding provided the positive effects of balance, muscle activities, ADL, equivalance, GMFM, gait, emotion for children with developmental disabilities and neural patients. It is hoped that this study will contribute to the development of effective treatments for children with developmental disabilities and neural patients therapeutic horseback riding and the development of study.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.583-592
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• 2013

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate muscles activation relate to core stability during 5 therapeutic exercise in children with spastic diplegia. METHODS: The subjects of this study were 8 children with typical development and 12 children with spastic diplegia who have been treated in Bobath children's hospital, all of whom agreed to participate in the study. All subjects were measured to see their muscles activation of rectus abdominalis, external oblique abdominalis, elector spinae, gluteus maximus, rectus femoris, and semitendinosus with surface EMG. RESULTS: The results of this study were as follows : 1) There were statistically significant difference in the root mean square(RMS) of all muscles according to 5 therapeutic exercise in children with spastic diplegia. 2) There were statistically significant difference in the RMS of all muscles according to 5 therapeutic exercise in children with typical development. 3) Significant differences of the RMS between diplegic children and normal children were found in elector spinae and rectus femoris only curl-up exercise. CONCLUSION: As the above results, we suggest that 5 therapeutic exercises could be used for a core stability or core strengthening program. Depending on the individual needs of children with cerebral palsy, some of exercises may be more beneficial than others for achieving strength.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.02a
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• pp.701-706
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• 2009

We proposed the device to control a computer with only a head and eye blinks so that disabilities by car accidents can use a computer. Because they have paralysis of their upper extremities such as C4~C5 paraplegics and cerebral palsy, they cannot efficiently access a general keyboard/mouse not using hands and foots. The cursor position was estimated from a gyro-sensor which can measure head movements, and the mouse event such as click/double click from opto-sensors which can detect eye blinks. The sensor was put on the proper goggle in order not to disturb the visual field. The performance of the proposed device was compared to a general optical mouse, and was used both relative and absolute coordinate in cursor positioning control. The recognition rate of click and double-click was 86% of the optical mouse, the speed of cursor movement by the proposed device was not much different from the mouse. The overall accuracy was 80%. Especially, the relative coordinate is more convenience and accuracy than the absolute coordinate, and can reduce the frequency of reset to prevent the accumulative error.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.601-612
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• 2005

본 연구는 복직근의 기능적 전기자극이 경직형 뇌성마비 아동의 1회 호흡용적과 폐활량 등의 호흡능력과 복직근의 근육활동에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해서 대구 시내 OO특수학교에 재학 중인 14세 이상 16세 미만의 경직형 사지 뇌성마비 아동 6명(남자 3, 여자 3)을 대상으로 하여 복직근에 1회 20분. 주 3회씩 총 6주간 기능적 전기자극을 적용하였다. 기능적 전기자극의 적용 6주 전과, 직전에 두 번의 사전 검사와 적용 후 사후 검사를 실시하였다. MP30(Biopack, USA)을 이용하여 폐활량과 예측치 폐활량 백분율, 1회 호흡용적을 검사하였으며 Table면전극 근전도(Noraxon, USA)를 이용하여 복직근의 근육 활동량을 측정하였다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 복직근의 기능적 전기자극 적용 6주 전과 직전의 폐활량은 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 적용 후의 폐활량은 적용 전에 비해 유의한 증가를 나타내었다(p<0.05). 2. 복직근의 기능적 전기자극 적용 6주 전과 직전의 예측치 폐활량 백분율은 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 적용 후의 예측치 폐활량 백분율은 적용 전에 비해 유의한 증가를 나타내었다(p<0.05). 3. 복직근의 기능적 전기자극 적용 6주 전과 직전의 1회 호흡용적은 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 적용 후의 1회 호흡용적은 적용 전에 비해 유의한 증가를 나타내었다(p<0.05). 4. 복직근의 기능적 전기자극 적용 6주 전과 직전의 복직근의 활동 값은 유의한 차이가 없었으나 적용 후의 복직근의 활동 값은 적용 전에 비해 유의한 증가를 나타내었다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 6주간의 복직근의 기능적 전기자극이 경직형 뇌성마비 아동에 있어서 복직근의 근력을 강화시킴으로써 폐활량과 1회 호흡 용적 등의 호흡능력을 향상시킴을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.75-89
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• 1998

It is the purpose of this study to provide the basic data to stimulate the social understanding of an abandoned child from the medical viewpoint and the viewpoint of administrative management. The data are based on the medical dossier of 305 patients which were hospitalized in 'A' hospital (of Seoul municipal hospital) between 1992 and 1996. The method of analysis is SPSS statistical package and the following results can be obtained 1. The abandoned children were frequently found in the Spring by season, in April by month, on Friday by day, and especially in the night and before an individual home and an medical institution in many cases. 2. The children found in an individual home were younger, handicapped smaller, and hospitalized for shorter period. As they were healthy relatively, parents might hope that they were accepted as foundling foster children. Contrary to above case, the children found in an medical institution were worse, handicapped more, and hospitalized for longer period. Accordingly, parents might hope that they were protected in an public institution. 3. The $69.8\%$ of abandoned children had caught a disease at that time and the $53.8\%$ of them had been handicapped. The most serious disease and handicap were the heart-lung trouble and the cerebral palsy, respectively. 4. The only $60.8\%$ of them were adopted and the most of them were healthy relatively. The $10.2\%$ which have been dead had caught four diseases on the average. As the results of above, the followings can be proposed : 1) It is required that the system connected to administrative management, which can provide the abandoned children turned for the better with the family relations to voluntary servants, be developed. 2) It is required that the system of registration management and plan for support economy, which can support the handicapped birth as the congenital malformation in national aspect, be developed. 3) It is required that to protect abandoned children, the health educational program for childbirth-people be prepared in the unit of a public health center.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.359-365
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• 2005

Objective : The study investigates the extent of brain shift and its effect on the accuracy of the stereotaxic procedure. Methods : Thirty-five patients underwent 40stereotactic procedures between June 2002 and March 2004. There were 26 males, mean age 59years old. There were 34procedures for Parkinson's disease, 2 for essential tremor, 3 for cerebral palsy, 1 for dystonia. Patients were divided in four groups based on postoperative pneumocephalus : under 5cc [9 procedures], between $5{\sim}10cc$ [13procedures], between $10{\sim}15cc$ [11 procedures] and more than 15cc [7procedures]. The coordinates of the anterior commissure[AC], posterior commissure[PC], and target were defined in pre-and intraoperative magnetic resonance image scans and the amount of air volume was measured with @Target (BrainLab, Heimstetten, Germany]. Results : The mean AC-PC was 26.5mm for patients with less than 5cc, 26.9mm for $5{\sim}10cc$, 25.8mm for $10{\sim}15cc$ and 26.2mm for more than 15cc. The length of AC-PC line and coordinates of AC, PC was also not statistically different, Euclidean distance as well as ${\Delta}x$, ${\Delta}y$, ${\Delta}z$ of AC, PC, and target were also not statistically different among the groups [p>,1]. There was a variance in target of $0.7{\sim}7.6mm$, Euclidean distance of 2.5mm, related to electrophysiology but not to brain-shift. Conclusion : The amount of air accumulated in the intracranial space and compressing the cortical surface has no effect on the localization of subcortical stereotactic target and landmarks.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.627-631
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• 2006

Purpose: Ischial region is common site of pressure sore as well as greater trochanteric area. In general, ischial pressure sore associated with a large subcutaneous bursa often requires radical surgical treatment. The authors performed sclerotherapy using absolute ethanol which was considered as an alternative in treating recurrent ischial pressure sore. Methods: From may 2005 to February 2006, 11 ischial pressure sore patients were treated sclerotherapy using absolute ethanol. The authors performed sclerotherapy using absolute ethanol in 11 patients in whom the ischial sore has recurred despite of multiple radical surgical treatment. The patients' original disorders were spinal cord injury in 9 patients, cerebral palsy in 1 patient and giant cell tumor in thoracic vertebrae 1 patient. Results: Recurrence of pressure sore was not found in any patient during the follow-up period. The swap of the bursa taken before the surgery was germ cultured and compared with the discharge from an end of the inserted drain tube. The germ cultured results after the surgery were tested negative in all patients. Conclusion: This method involves causing the bursa to become scarred and closing it up by sterilizing, fixing, and denaturing by the pharmacologic effect of absolute ethanol instead of surgical excision of the bursa. We felt that aforementioned treatment modality may be considered as an alternative in treating recurrent ischial pressure sore.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 2010

Objectives Taking detailed patient history helps earlier diagnosis and treatment of developmental disability. In this study we analyzed the clinical questionnaire to find out the clinical characteristics of those with five-retardation, five-limpness, or five-stiffness. Methods The data was collected from 484 children under the age of six who have visited H oriental medicine clinic for developmental delay. The clinical questionnaire was filled out by their parents and the data was analyzed statistically. Results 436 children showed symptoms of five-retardation, 90 children suffered from five-stiffness, 54 children showed five-limpness and 7 children suffered from five-stiffness and five-limpness complex. Generally, boys had higher chance to show disease symptoms than the girls (2.32:1) and 40 children (8.26%) reported family history of developmental disability. Cerebral palsy ranks the most common familial disease, followed by developmental delay, mental retardation, autistic disorder and language disorder. Among the children we have studied, 285 children (63.19%) showed delayed unassisted walk while 192 children (42.57%) had language disorder. Also, 138 children (28.51%) had both walk and language disorders. The children in this study also showed delayed toilet training and half of them had little stranger anxiety when they were infants. It was also found that 120 children (24.79%) experienced epilepsy. This study reaffirmed that low birth weight, premature birth, and suffocation are major risks causing neurological damage. Conclusions They had history which including family history, problems at birth, epilepsy, face recognition, muscle tone disorder, delayed walking without assistance, language ability, and toilet training.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.241-247
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate consciousness about the disabled on dental hygiene students and search for course of dental hygiene education as oral health care with the disabled. The subjects in this study were 538 dental hygiene students from three college in Jeonnam province. For statistical analyses of collected data, the descriptive analyses and chi-square were adopted. The obtained results were as follows. Seniors showed positive attitude about the disabled and dental service of the disabled(p<0.05). The common types of contact the disabled were physical Cerebral palsy and inner disabled were rarely. The problems are difficulty in communication, short of clinical experience in dental service of the disabled, noncooperation of the disabled, short of knowledge in dental service of the disabled. To dental service of the disabled, demand as necessity of education was 87.5%, theory and practice at the same time was 68.0% in pattern of education. Finally, 49.5% of respondents observed special dental clinic to utilization pattern of dental service of the disabled.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.11
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• pp.231-239
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in balance and upper extremity (UE) function associated with reaching training for children with quadriplegic cerebral palsy based on Biomechanical Frame of Reference. The baseline (phase A) lasted one week. The therapeutic protocol consisted of three reaching training (Phase B) for 40 minutes three times a week. Intervention phases lasted 4 weeks. The CMS-70P (Zebris Medizintechnik Gmbh, Germany) was used to evaluate the qualitative changes in UE function and Pediathc Berg Balance Scale was used to test the balance. The observed performance changes seem to be associated with the presence of intervention and suggest that biomechanical training can be a useful intervention to improve not only manual function but also balance.