• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.21-26
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• 2016

The requirements for the successful treatment of all-ceramic restorations are not so different from the ones of conventional restorations. "The provisional restoration followed by an adequate tooth reduction" and "the accurately fitting prostheses with corresponding to final impression" can be the examples of them. Nevertheless, the one which all-ceramic restorations are distinguished from conventional restorations is the additional procedure of so called "bonding". In addition to the application of resin cement between "inner surface of restoration and outer surface of abutment", bonding technology can be also applied to the treatment process of "Post and Core" in particular if the abutments are non-vital teeth. Core build-up for all-ceramic crown is conducted with fiber post and tooth colored composite by considering the properties of the restorations transmitting light. I would like to share my clinical experience about "silica based ceramic and non silica based ceramic restoration.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.69-75
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• 1980

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.51 no.11
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• pp.595-603
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• 2013

The requirements for the successful treatment of all-ceramic restorations are not so different from the ones of conventional restorations. "The provisional restoration followed by an adequate tooth reduction and the accurately fitting prostheses with corresponding to final impression" can be the examples of them. Nevertheless, the one which all-ceramic restorations are distinguished from conventional restorations is the additional procedure of so called "bonding". In addition to the application of resin cement between "inner surface of restoration and outer surface of abutment", bonding technology can be also applied to the treatment process of "Post and Core" in particular if the abutments are non-vital teeth. Core build-up for all-ceramic crown is conducted with fiber post and tooth colored composite by considering the properties of the restorations transmitting light. We know well that a vital abutment is easier than a non-vital one to get the targeted goals for clinical success in connection with esthetics and structure. The creation of "Post and Core" with bonding technique is a decisive factor for a long-term success if the abutment is non-vital tooth with dentinal collapse. I would like to share my clinical experience about "post & core build-up and all-ceramic restoration bonding" out of several success strategies of all-ceramic crown with this presentation.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Esthetic Dentistry
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.35-38
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• 2006

A technique is presented through clinical cases for restoring anterior teeth to enhance dental esthetics using bonded partial ceramic restorations (BPCRs) without or with minimum reduction of tooth structures. These restorations offer the advantages of the superior properties of ceramic materials and the conservative nature of a direct composite restoration at the same time.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 2015

Even though a conventional metal ceramic restoration is widely in use, its laboratory procedure is still technique-sensitive, complex, and time-consuming. A ceramic-pressed-to-metal restoration (PTM) can be a reliable alternative. However, simplified laboratory procedure for a PTM is still necessary. The article is to propose a technique that reduces time and effort to fabricate a PTM with the aid of computer-aided design, computer-aided manufacturing and selective laser sintering technologies.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.165-173
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• 2020

ABS and PLA are applied for restoring missing part of damaged ceramics, but are not similar to the material of ceramics, so this study conducted a research on the properties and applicability of ceramic resin. This study conducted actual restoration of ABS and ceramic resin as well as cast restoration method with experiment of properties. Results show that manufacturing of restored part showed higher precision than existing materials, which enables printing of tiny shapes showing excellent surface texture and gloss than L30 and ABS resin. As a result of measuring properties, the material showed excellent durability than existing materials with no contraction and deformation and compressive strength, but value of specific gravity and hardness can lower processability after manufacturing. Long-term monitoring, evaluation of reliability of ceramic resin applied in this study, additional researches on the restorability of the original shape when printing too thin or long restored part are needed.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.447-452
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• 2014

With the increase of esthetic demands, most patients want to have restorations which are not only functional but also esthetic. For the esthetic restoration, many ceramic systems have been introduced and applied in dentistry. Among those ceramic restorations, IPS e.max system composed of lithium disilicate glass ceramic is one of the most commonly used systems because it has strength and esthetic characteristics. IPS e.max system is divided into IPS e.max Press and IPS e.max CAD according to the manufacturing methods. IPS e.max Press is fabricated through heat-pressed technique with ceramic ingot, which is very simple. The restorations which are made using IPS e.max system can apply to 3 units restoration for the anterior teeth and premolar, and single posterior tooth restoration. Cementation is one of the most important clinic procedure for the longevity of the restorations. All ceramics are bonded by resin cements, it is classified into three groups including adhesive, self-adhesive, and conventional. Variolink N, which is an adhesive resin cement and manufactured by same company with IPS e.max, is recommended for the bonding of IPS e.max restoration. Conventional and self-adhesive resin cement is also available. The aim of this review article is to provide the understanding of material properties, production procedure and clinical application of IPS e.max system.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.157-170
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• 2007

Purpose: This investigation was designed to determine the translucency and color stability of various core ceramics for all-ceramic restoration using the CIE $L^*a^*b^*$ system. Material and Methods: IPS e.max Press ceramic(Ivoclar-Vivadent, Liechtenstein), $LAVA^{TM}$ All Ceramic(3M-Espe, Germany), Cercon Smart Ceramic(Dentsply, Germany), and Z-match Ceramic(DentAim, Korea) were used for this study. For the specimens of zirconia oxide ceramics, the as-sintered cylindrical blanks($11.0{\times}25.0mm$) were machined into the shape of a disk(0.4, 0.8, 1.5 mm in thickness, 10 mm in diameters) with a diamond grind machine. The IPS e.max Press specimens ($0.8{\times}10mm$) were fabricated using the "lost wax" technique. CIE $L^*a^*b^*$ coordinates and light transmission were recorded for each specimen with a spectrophotometer(CM-2600d, Minolta, Japan). Color differences were calculated using the equation, ${\Delta}E^*ab=[({\Delta}L^*)2+({\Delta}a^*)2+({\Delta}b^*)2]1/2$. Results: The results were obtained as follows: 1. The most translucent group was IPS e.max Press ceramic that is a glass-ceramic, and $Lava^{TM}$ and Z-match ceramic were more translucent than Cercon Smart ceramic in zirconia ceramic group. 2. In the all groups, there was no significant translucent change after 6 times heat-treatments required to make a final restoration. 3. Colored zirconia was showed more yellowish and dark than uncolored zirconia. 4. After heat-pressing, IPS e.max Press ceramic was showed high ${\Delta}E^*ab$ value(4.1 of eM1, 6.8 of eM2) that means to be more whiter than before heat-pressing. However, there was no color change after additive heat treatments for final restoration. 5. In the colored zirconia groups, there was no significant color change after some heat-treatments required to make a final restoration.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.273-279
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the marginal adaptation of a ceramic-pressed-to-metal restoration with traditional metal-ceramic restoration. Materials and methods: Duplicating the prepared resin tooth, 20 metal dies were fabricated. Twenty metal copings of 2 groups which were metal ceramic restoration and pressed to metal restoration were fabricated. The marginal opening of each coping was measured with Microscope (BX 60M-36E $41D^{(R)}$: Olympus, Japan). After porcelain build-up, the marginal opening of metal ceramic restoration and pressed to metal restoration ($PoM^{(R)}$: Ivoclar vivadent., Liechtenstein) were also evaluated in the same method. The measurements were analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test and Mann-Whitney U test. Results: Within the limits of this study, the results were as follows. 1. Metal-ceramic restorations in coping state ($64.93{\pm}12.48\;{\mu}m$) in compared with Metal ceramic restorations after porcelain build-up ($63.43{\pm}12.86\;{\mu}m$) had no significant difference in marginal adaptation. 2. Pressed-metal-ceramic restorations in coping state ($50.00{\pm}12.28\;{\mu}m$) in compared with Pressed metal ceramic restorations after porcelain build-up ($56.72{\pm}13.80\;{\mu}m$) had no significant difference in marginal adaptation. 3. Metal-ceramic restorations in compared Pressed-metal-ceramic restorations had no significant difference in marginal adaptation. Conclusion: Pressed-metal-ceramic restorations have the advantage of being technically less change through using of the lost-wax technique and this allows for the convenience of a full-contour ceramic wax-up as opposed to the more technique-sensitive layering method. Pressed-metal-ceramic restorations may be considered in clinic on the basis of the result of this study and the advantage of this system.

• 보존과학연구
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• s.30
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• pp.189-202
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• 2009

Ceramics from Taean shipwreck were studied to investigate the deterioration by soluble salts and desalination pattern according to each ceramic characterization. NaCl crystals were found as a crystal growth on the ceramic microstructure and deteriorated to push off the glaze layer of some Puncheong ware sample. As a result of monitoring the desalination pattern of ceramics for 74days, the earthenware sample with big pores and no glaze removed soluble salts so fast, but Puncheong ware and Whiteware samples removed lots of soluble salts slowly and continuously. Generally, it takes long time to remove soluble salts from porcelains, due to small pores and glaze, but the long-term desalination probably can cause the damage on the surface layer such like glaze. As some soluble salts still remains in the ceramic microstructures after desalination, it is very important to control and keep the relative humidity stable through the proper storage. There are various ceramic deterioration patterns by soluble salts. Therefore, it needs to select the desalination method of ceramics from shipwreck, considering the material characteristics and the production techniques.