• 천문학논총
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.417-421
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• 2015

We analyzed 0.5-45 keV data of NGC 3227 observed by Suzaku six times between 2008 October 28 and December 2. The count-count plot between the 0.5-3 keV and 3-10 keV bands exhibits a clear break, separating the data into bright and faint phases. Applying the difference spectrum method and time-averaged spectral fits to the phase data, we found the presence of two kinds of variable primary X-rays, (1) a hard primary component with ${\Gamma}{\sim}1.7$ dominating in the faint phase and (2) a soft primary continuum with ${\Gamma}{\sim}2.4$ appearing in the bright phase, both affected by partial absorption. Considering their timing and spectral characteristics, component (1) is presumably identical to a Compton continuum in the low/hard state, while component (2) may correspond to the hard tail emission in the high/soft state, or compact-jet emission. In that case, an accretion ow onto the central super massive black hole in NGC 3227 can be interpreted to include the two different states.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제22권12호
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• pp.1316-1322
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• 2001

Transition metal complexes of novel mono- and di-ferrocene-substituted porphyrins have been synthesized and characterized by structural and electrochemical methods. The X-ray structures of Mn(FPTTP)Cl and Mn(DFTTP)Cl showed the distorted square pyramidal coordination geometry with syn configuration of chloride and ferrocenyl substituents. The electrochemistry of ferrocene-substituted porphyrins and their metal complexes has been determined to elucidate the ${\pi}-conjugation$ effect of the porphyrin ring. The ferrocenyl group of H2FPTTP underwent a reversible one-electron transfer process at 0.30 V, indicating the good electron donating effect of the phorphyrin ring to the ferrocene substituent. The redox potential of the ferrocenyl subunit and porphyrin ring was affected by the central metal ions of the metalloporphyrins, that is, Zn(II) and Ni(II) made the oxidation of ferrocene much easier and Mn(III) made it harder. The ferrocene subunits of H2DFTTP interacted electrochemically with each other with peak splitting of 0.21 V. The strength of the electrochemical interactions between the two ferrocenyl substituents can be controlled by central metal ions of metalloporphyrins.

• 천문학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.597-600
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• 2004

A substantial number of processes have been suggested as possible contributors to the extragalactic $\gamma$-ray background (EGRB). Yet another contribution to this background will be emission produced in hadronic interactions of cosmic-ray protons with the cluster thermal gas; this class of cosmic rays (CRs) has been shown to be responsible for the EUV emission in the Coma Cluster of galaxies. In this paper we assume the CRs in the Coma Cluster is prototypic of all clusters and derive the contribution to the EGRB from all clusters over time. We examine two different possibilities for the scaling of the CR flux with cluster size: the number density of the CRs scale with the number density of the thermal plasma, and alternatively, the energy density of the CRs scale with the energy density of the plasma. We find that in all scenarios the EGRB produced by this process is sufficiently low that it will not be observable in comparison with other mechanisms that are likely to produce an EGRB.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.101-110
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• 2019

이 연구는 정중 과잉치 법랑질의 구조학적 및 형태학적 특징에 대하여 주사형 전자현미경(FE-SEM)과 에너지 분산형 분광분석법(EDS)을 이용하여 관찰하고 영구 중절치와 유중절치의 법랑질 구조 및 형태와 차이점에 대하여 평가하고자 하였다. 15개의 정중 과잉치, 영구 중절치와 유중절치를 이용하였으며, 법랑질의 두께와 법랑소주 직경에 대하여 FE-SEM을 이용하여 측정 및 관찰하고, 성분 분석을 위하여 EDS를 이용하였다. 그 결과 법랑소주 두께의 경우 영구 중절치, 정중 과잉치, 유중절치 순으로 나타났다. 법랑소주의 직경의 경우 영구중절치와 정중 과잉치에서는 유의할 만한 차이가 없었으며, 유중절치는 두 그룹에 비해서 작게 나타났다. 성분 분석 시 칼슘의 경우 영구 중절치와 정중 과잉치에 있어서 통계적 유의성이 없었으며, 유중절치는 작게 나타났다. Ca/P ratio의 경우 정중 과잉치와 영구 중절치는 비슷한 수치를 나타내며 통계적 유의성이 없었고, 유중절치보다는 두 그룹 모두 높게 나타났다. Ca/C ratio의 경우 마찬가지로 정중 과잉치와 영구 중절치에서 유중절치보다 높게 나타났다. 이를 통하여 정중 과잉치의 법랑질 특성은 유중절치보다는 영구 중절치와 더 유사함을 알 수 있고, 임상적으로 정중 과잉치의 활용 시 영구 중절치와 비슷한 법랑질 성질을 지님을 유추할 수 있다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.27-31
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• 2010

It is a well known fact that the LCD and Semiconductor Devices are a central part of IT industry which is important in the present and the future. But the biggest problem of Semiconductor and LCD manufacturing is maintaining a cleaning room environment. For this reason, the soft X-ray type Ionizer was used as the electrostatic reducer device, which protects damage of the product against electrostatic discharge in the manufacturing process. Therefore it is a essential important factor during Semiconductor and LCD production process. But the soft X-ray has a intrinsic problem with harmful to human being in case of soft X-ray exposure. That's reason we have the research to solve above problem and made an apparatus that it was covered with shielding structure to protect X-ray radiation to outside. And besides, it has a possibility to eliminate the charged electrostatic in the narrow space through the slot for Ion emissions with dual soft X-ray sources on the both side. It is also not make the particles from itself when it has been operated.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.319-331
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• 2022

The capability to examine an X-ray image is so far a challenging task. In this work, we suggest a practical and novel algorithm based on image fusion to inspect the issues such as background noise, blurriness, or sharpness, which curbs the quality of dual-energy X-ray images. The current technology exercised for the examination of bags and baggage is "X-ray"; however, the results of the incumbent technology used show blurred and low contrast level images. This paper aims to improve the quality of X-ray images for a clearer vision of illegitimate or volatile substances. A dataset of 40 images was taken for the experiment, but for clarity, the results of only 13 images have been shown. The results were evaluated using MSE and PSNR metrics, where the average PSNR value of the proposed system compared to single X-ray images was increased by 19.3%, and the MSE value decreased by 17.3%. The results show that the proposed framework will help discern threats and the entire scanning process.

• 천문학회보
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.64.2-64.2
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• 2010

From 2009, CEOU of Seoul National University has been utilizing the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope (UKIRT) at Mauna Kea, Hawaii, as one of its research facilities. UKIRT is a telescope with 3.8m primary mirror, and it is currently the largest telescope specialized for infrared observations. We will summarize our research activities using UKIRT, which include Infrared Medium-deep Survey (IMS) of proto-clusters and high redshift quasars, NIR imaging programs of Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs), Gamma Ray sources, and SNUQSO quasars. Our research programs include international collaboration with the UK GRB team, the NASA/Swift team, Pomona College, and National Central University of Taiwan. We will also touch on our future plan of using UKIRT.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.443-448
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• 2006

A novel ${\beta}$-cyclodextrin derivative (CCD-C) was synthesized with chitosan and carboxymethyl-${\beta}$-cyclodextrin. Its structure was characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectra analysis, and X-ray diffraction analysis. The adsorption properties for guanosine 5'-monophosphate, cytidine 5'-monophosphate and uridine 5'-monophosphate were studied. Experimental results demonstrated that CCD-C had higher adsorption capability for guanosine 5'-monophosphate, and that the adsorption capacity for guanosine 5'-monophosphate was 74.20mg/g. The adsorption capacity was greatly influenced by pH, time and temperature. The introduction of chitosan enhanced the adsorption ability and adsorption selectivity of ${\beta}$-cyclodextrin for guanosine 5'-monophosphate. This novel derivative of chitosan is expected to have wide applications in the separation, concentration and analysis of nucleotides in biological samples.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.413-416
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• 2011

An array of FeCo nanotubes has been successfully fabricated in the pores of porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates by wetting templates method. The morphology and structure of the nanotube array were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction. The average diameter of the nanotubes was about 200 nm, and the length was more than 10 ${\mu}m$. Vibrating sample magnetometer and superconducting quantum interference device were used to investigate the magnetic properties of the nanotube array. Interaction between the nanotubes has been found to be demagnetizing as expected and the switching field distribution is broad.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.465-471
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 ALOKA PDM-117(X-ray 측정용 선량계)선량계를 이용하여 구내방사선 촬영기에서 발생하는 방사선에 대하여 거리의 변화에 따른 선량분포를 3차원으로 측정하였다. 구내 방사선촬영에 있어서 XCP 필름 유지기구(XCP-DS FIT)를 사용하여 영상을 얻는 경우 방사선의 선량 분포는 변할 수 있고 이것은 방사선영상과 환자피폭에 영향을 미치게 된다. 따라서 위치에 따른 선량을 표준화하여 XCP 필름 유지기구 사용 유무에 따른 선량과의 관계를 알아볼 필요성이 있다. 본 연구에서는 측정된 3차원 선량분포를 통하여 등각촬영시 얻을 수 있는 최적의 영상과 동일한 선량을 얻기 위한 조사시간과 거리와의 관계 및 선량분포의 모서리 퍼짐 현상에 대한 결과를 정량적으로 측정하였다. 거리가 증가함에 따라 중심 선량은 감소하였지만 조사통 가장자리 부분의 방사선 퍼짐은 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 이것은 XCP 필름 유지기구를 사용하는 경우에 선속 가장자리 부분에서 방사선의 선량이 퍼지는 경향을 보이기 때문이므로 환자의 병소이외의 부분에 대한 피폭에 주의를 기울여야 함을 정량적으로 확인 하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 품질 좋은 치아영상을 얻고, 환자의 피폭선량을 줄이는데 매우 유용하게 사용되어 질 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.