• BMB Reports
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• 제51권12호
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• pp.630-635
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• 2018

C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CXCL2) is a small secreted protein that exhibits a structure similar to the proangiogenic subgroup of the CXC chemokine family. Recently, accumulating evidence suggests that chemokines play a pivotal role in cancer progression and carcinogenesis. We examined the expression levels of 7 types of $ELR^+$ CXCLs messenger RNA (mRNA) in 264 clinical samples. We found that CXCL2 expression was stably down-regulated in 94% of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) specimens compared with paired adjacent normal liver tissues and some HCC cell lines. Moreover, CXCL2 overexpression profoundly attenuated HCC cell proliferation and growth and induced apoptosis in vitro. In animal studies, we found that overexpressing CXCL2 by lentivirus also apparently inhibited the size and weight of subcutaneous tumours in nude mice. Furthermore, we demonstrated that CXCL2 induced HCC cell apoptosis via both nuclear and mitochondrial apoptosis pathways. Our results indicate that CXCL2 negatively regulates the cell cycle in HCC cells via the ERK1/2 signalling pathway. These results provide new insights into HCC and may ultimately lead to the discovery of innovative therapeutic approaches of HCC.

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.35-42
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• 1996

Aragonite is one of polymorphs of calcium carbonate of which main form is calcite. We found that white precipitate is formed in much amount by boiling underwater of Inchon, Korea and confirmed that it is aragonite. This study is to evaluate the dimensional characteristics, solubility, acid resistance of aragonite and the cytotoxicity, cell division disturbance and cell transforming ability of it on BALB/3T3 cells. The results are as follows: Lengths of the aragonite were reduced to the 72.7% and 22.7% respectively after 5 months and 7 months of intrapleurai injection to the Sprague-Dawley rat. Strong acid such as 1M HCl dissolved the aragonite instantly but weaker acid pH 2.0 or more could not dissolved aragonite easily. The result of cell growth inhibition showed that cell numbers were decreased as log-doses of treatment of the aragonite were increased 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours later. Cell plating efficiency after the aragonite treatment also showed dose-dependent decrease. Multinuclear giant cell formation was increased in the aragonite treated cells until ID$_{50}$ and after the dose the multinucleate cells were decreased, but remained much higher than negative control cells. Morphological transformation assay showed that the aragonite did not induce transformation in all treated doses.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.227-234
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• 2020

벼(Oryza sativa L.)에서 세포 현탁 배양을 통한 miraculin 단백질의 생산을 위해 miraculin 유전자(AB512278)가 도입된 Agrobacterium tumefacience EHA105를 매개로 벼 캘러스에 형질전환하였다. 현탁배양세포주는 형질전환 캘러스를 이용하여 몇번의 선발과정 및 계대배양을 통해 선발하였고, 게놈 PCR 분석을 통해 miraculin 유전자가 벼 염색체에 안정적으로 도입된 것을 확인하였다. 또한, RT-PCR 분석을 통해 형질전환 세포주에서 도입된 miraculin 유전자가 과발현 되었다. 재조합 miraculin은 형질전환 현탁배양 HK-2 세포주에서 가장 높게 발현되어 total soluble protein (TSP) 대비 2.0%를 보였다. 이러한 결과는 형질전환 현탁세포배양이 miraculin과 같은 미각 수식 단백질의 대량생산 시스템을 구축하는데 이용 가능 할 것으로 사료된다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.192-198
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• 2004

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) core protein is believed to be one of viral proteins that are capable of preventing virus-infected cell death upon various stimuli. But, the effect of the HCV core protein on apoptosis that is induced by various stimuli is contradictory. We examined the possibility that the HCV core protein affects the ceramide-induced cell death in cells expressing the HCV core protein through the sphingomyelin pathway. Cell death that is induced by $C^2$-ceramide and bacterial sphingomyelinase was analyzed in 293 cells that constitutively expressed the HCV core protein and compared with 293 cells that were stably transfected only with the expression vector. The HCV core protein inhibited the cell death that was induced by these reagents. The protective effects of the HCV core protein on ceramide-induced cell death were reflected by the reduced expression of $p21^{WAF1/Cip1/Sid1}$ and the sustained expression of the Bcl-2 protein in the HCV core-expressing cells with respect to the vector-transfected cells. These results suggest that the HCV core protein in 293 cells plays a role in the modulation of the apoptotic response that is induced by ceramide. Also, the ability of the HCV core protein to suppress apoptosis might have important implications in understanding the pathogenesis of the HCV infection.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.231-239
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• 2019

Suppressor of Variegation 3-9 Homolog 2 (SUV39H2) methylates the lysine 9 residue of histone H3 and induces heterochromatin formation, resulting in transcriptional repression or silencing of target genes. SUV39H1 and SUV39H2 have a role in embryonic development, and SUV39H1 was shown to suppress cell cycle progression associated with Rb. However, the function of human SUV39H2 has not been extensively studied. We observed that forced expression of SUV39H2 decreased cell proliferation by inducing $G_1$ cell cycle arrest. In addition, SUV39H2 was degraded through the ubiquitin-proteasomal pathway. Using yeast two-hybrid screening to address the degradation mechanism and function of SUV39H2, we identified translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) as an SUV39H2-interacting molecule. Mapping of the interacting regions indicated that the N-terminal 60 amino acids (aa) of full-length SUV39H2 and the C-terminus of TCTP (120-172 aa) were critical for binding. The interaction of SUV39H2 and TCTP was further confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence staining for colocalization. Moreover, depletion of TCTP by RNAi led to up-regulation of SUV39H2 protein, while TCTP overexpression reduced SUV39H2 protein level. The half-life of SUV39H2 protein was significantly extended upon TCTP depletion. These results clearly indicate that TCTP negatively regulates the expression of SUV39H2 post-translationally. Furthermore, SUV39H2 induced apoptotic cell death in TCTP-knockdown cells. Taken together, we identified SUV39H2, as a novel target protein of TCTP and demonstrated that SUV39H2 regulates cell proliferation of lung cancer cells.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.165-175
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• 2016

Ambroxol is used in COPD and asthma to increase mucociliary clearance and regulate surfactant levels, perhaps through anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. To determine the role and effect of ambroxol in an experimental model of asthma, BALB/c mice were sensitized to ovalbumin (OVA) followed by 3 days of challenge. Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), lung cell composition and histology, and cytokine and protein carbonyl levels in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were determined. Ambroxol was administered either before the first OVA challenge or was begun after the last allergen challenge. Cytokine production levels from lung mononuclear cells (Lung MNCs) or alveolar macrophages (AM) were also determined. Administration of ambroxol prior to challenge suppressed AHR, airway eosinophilia, goblet cell metaplasia, and reduced inflammation in subepithelial regions. When given after challenge, AHR was suppressed but without effects on eosinophil numbers. Levels of IL-5 and IL-13 in BAL fluid were decreased when the drug was given prior to challenge; when given after challenge, increased levels of IL-10 and IL-12 were detected. Decreased levels of protein carbonyls were detected in BAL fluid following ambroxol treatment after challenge. In vitro, ambroxol increased levels of IL-10, IFN-γ, and IL-12 from Lung MNCs and AM, whereas IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 production was not altered. Taken together, ambroxol was effective in preventing AHR and airway inflammation through upregulation of Th1 cytokines and protection from oxidative stress in the airways.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2006년도 제37회 하계학술대회 논문집 B
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• pp.1179-1180
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• 2006

This paper is aimed at presenting a computational model of a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell stack. The proposed simulation model is simple and at the same time includes all the important characteristics of a fuel cell stack. Close agreement between the simulation, manufacturer and experimental results confirm the validity and usefulness of the proposed FC model. Also, we propose the variable PI control method which has the best of follow efficiency than the PI control method. we confirm a reduced ripple and improved follow efficiencies when the system is applied the DC-DC converter, by simulation using PSIM.

• Journal of Information Display
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.31-36
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• 2012

Ferroelectric liquid crystal parameters, spontaneous polarization, and transition temperature were studied as a function of cell thickness. These parameters were found to increase with increasing cell thickness, but an exception was observed for the transition temperature in the case of a thin cell. A simple Landau model is presented to interpret the theoretical and experimental observations. The anomalous behavior is attributed to the electroclinic effect and is explained using the Landau model.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.203-207
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• 2012

영지버섯 자실체를 열수추출과 주정추출을 하여 항산화 효능 및 간암 및 위암세포의 생장 저해도를 분석하였다. 항산화 효능을 실시한 결과, 대조군인 Trolox, BHA보다 높은 항산화 효능을 보인 것은 ASI 7004, 7014이며, 이 두 균주는 열수추출물과 주정 추출물에서 모두 높은 항산화 효능을 나타냈다. 나머지 균주는 대조군인 ABTs보다 대체적으로 높은 효능을 보였다. 또한 암세포 생장저해도를 알아보기 위해서 열수, 주정 추출물을 간암세포인 HepG2에 농도별로(100, 200, $400{\mu}g/ml$) 처리하여, 세포 생장 저해도(MTT assay)를 측정한 결과, 열수 추출물에서는 ASI 7002, 7011, 7014, 7020이 농도 의존적으로 간암세포의 생장을 저해하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 주정 추출물에서는 ASI 7011, 7019가 농도 의존적으로 간암세포 생장을 저해하는 것으로 나타났다. 위암세포인 AGS에 농도별로(100, 200, $400{\mu}g/ml$)처리하여, 세포 생장 저해도(MTT assay)를 측정한 결과, 열수 추출물에서는 ASI 7001, 7002, 7019, 7020이 농도 의존적으로 위암세포의 생장을 저해하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 주정 추출물에서는 ASI 7001, 7002가 농도 의존적으로 위암세포 생장을 저해하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.317-324
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• 2003

The present study were performed to analysis the hematocrit and the red blood cells content into the blood plasma of the transgenic pigs harboring recombinent human erythropoietin gene (rhEPO). Mouse whey acidic protein (mWAP) linked to rhEPO gene was microinjected into pronuclei of porcine one-cell zygotes. After delivered of offspring, PCR analyses identified one mWAP-rhEPO transgenic founder offspring(F$_{0}$). The first generation of transgenic pig (F$_{0}$) harboring mWAP-hEPO appeared to be a male, and the second generation (F$_1$) pigs were made by natural mating of F$_{0}$ with domestic swine, and male and female transgenic pigs (F$_1$) were identified by PCR. The blood samples from transgenic and normal pigs were collected for 50 days during lactation and were counted the red blood cell (RBC) numbers and Hematocrit (HCT) content into the blood. The transgenic pigs expressing rhEPO in their blood gave rise to higher RBC numbers and HCT contents than control animals. rhEPO was secreted both in the blood and milk of genetically engineered pigs harboring rhEPO gene. Therefore, this study provides a model regarding the production of transgenic pig carrying hEPO transgene for biomedical research.earch.