• 제목/요약/키워드: Cdc2

검색결과 313건 처리시간 0.028초

Direct characterization of E2-dependent target specificity and processivity using an artificial p27-linker-E2 ubiquitination system

  • Ryu, Kyoung-Seok;Choi, Yun-Seok;Ko, Jun-Sang;Kim, Seong-Ock;Kim, Hyun-Jung;Cheong, Hae-Kap;Jeon, Young-Ho;Choi, Byong-Seok;Cheong, Chae-Joon
    • BMB Reports
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    • 제41권12호
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    • pp.852-857
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    • 2008
  • Little attention has been paid to the specificity between E2 and the target protein during ubiquitination, although RING-E3 induces a potential intra-molecular reaction by mediating the direct transfer of ubiquitin from E2 to the target protein. We have constructed artificial E2 fusion proteins in which a target protein (p27) is tethered to one of six E2s via a flexible linker. Interestingly, only three E2s (UbcH5b, hHR6b, and Cdc34) are able to ubiquitinate p27 via an intra-molecular reaction in this system. Although the first ubiquitination of p27 (p27-Ub) by Cdc34 is less efficient than that of UbcH5b and hHR6b, the additional ubiquitin attachment to p27-Ub by Cdc34 is highly efficient. The E2 core of Cdc34 provides specificity to p27, and the residues 184-196 are required for possessive ubiquitination by Cdc34. We demonstrate direct E2 specificity for p27 and also show that differential ubiquitin linkages can be dependent on E2 alone.

Costunolide Induces Apoptosis via Modulation of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase in HL-60 Human Leukemia Cells

  • Kim, Dong-Hee;Choi, Jung-Hye;Park, Hee-Juhn;Park, Jae-Hoon;Lee, Kyung-Tae
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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    • 제18권2호
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    • pp.178-183
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    • 2010
  • Costunolide is an active compound isolated from the stem bark of Magnolia sieboldii, and is considered a potential therapeutic for the treatment of various cancers. In this study, we investigated the underlying mechanism whereby costunolide induces the apoptosis of human leukemia cells. Using apoptosis analysis and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results obtained during this study show that costunolide is a potent inducer of apoptosis and that it is triggered due to the premature activation of Cdc2. $G_1$-synchronized cells, which cannot undergo mitosis, were found to be more sensitive to costunolide, and Cdc2 mRNA levels were increased by costunolide treatment. Furthermore, the Cdk inhibitors, olomucine and butyrolactone I, were found to suppress costunolide-induced apoptosis. In addition, the PKC activator TPA rescued cells from cell death by costunolide, and this was prevented by the PKC inhibitor staurosporin. The present study suggests that costunolide induces the apoptosis of HL-60 leukemic cells by modulating cyclin-dependent kinase Cdc2.

The Effects of Photodynamic Therapy for Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci

  • Kwon, Pil Seung
    • 대한임상검사과학회지
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    • 제43권3호
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    • pp.124-132
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    • 2011
  • The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the photosensitizer photogem with light-emitting diode (LED) on vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). Two VRE strains isolated from the feces of patients. that was identificated Enterococcus faecium (vanA) and Enterococcus gallinarum (vanC1) using traditional biochemical tests and confirmed VRE genotyping from using polymerase chain reaction. In addition, three strains were used Enterococcus. faecalis CDC-286 (vanA), E. faecalis CDC-583 (vanB) and E. gallinarum CDC-42 (vanC1). To examine the antimicrobial effect of photogem mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) against, CFU quantification and Disk diffusion antimicrobial susceptibility test were evaluated. The effects of Photodynamic therapy was not associated with genotype. Photogem mediated PDT perfectly inhibited the colony formation of E. faecalis CDC-286. The number of viable bacteria decreased greatly after PDT application with photogem $50{\mu}g/mL$ and energy density of $15J/cm^2$. The diameter of inhibition zone was increased to after PDT more than before PDT. The case of vancomycin disc on E. faecalis CDC-583 and E. galinanum-Patient were changed from resistant to intermediate resistant, from intermediate resistant to susceptable. These results demonstrate that lethal photosensitization of VRE can be achieved using photogem plus 630 nm LED irradiation.

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비브리오 패혈증균의 균체내독소 정제 및 특성에 관하여 (Purification and Characterization of Endotoxin from Vibrio vulnificus)

  • 김영만;정현정;신일식
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제7권2호
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    • pp.79-87
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    • 1997
  • vibrio vulnificus의 균체내독소의 특성을 파악하여 비브리오 패혈증의 발병원인 구명을 위한 자료를 제공하고자 생균과 균체파쇄액의 치사독성과 내열성 및 혈관투과성항진작용을 실험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 환자분리균(V.vulnificus CDC B3547)과 환경분리균(V.vulnificus B57)의 독력은 차이가 없었다. 2. V.vulnificus의 균수가 $10^{7}$/ml 이상일 때 강한 치사독력이 나타났다. 3. 균체파쇄액이 독성은 80$^{\circ}$C 20분에 완전히 불활성화 되었다. 4. 균체파쇄액은 용혈성은 없었으나 세포독성은 인정되었다. 5. V.vulnificus의 새앙주에 대한 주 치사독소는 균체 내에 존해했으나 LPS와 LPprotein complex는 기존의 방법으로 분리할 수 없었다.

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클라우드 데이터센터 관점에서의 클라우드 시장현황 분석 및 활성화 전략 도출에 관한 연구 (The Study on the Market Analysis and Developing an Activation Strategy: From the Perspective of a Cloud Data Center)

  • 문윤지;유성렬;최훈
    • 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국정보통신학회 2013년도 추계학술대회
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    • pp.556-559
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    • 2013
  • 본 연구는 최근 급성장 중인 클라우드 시장에서 다양한 클라우드 서비스를 가능하게 하는 인프라 역할의 클라우드 데이터센터의 시장현황을 분석하고, 국내 클라우드 데이터센터의 장점과 단점을 파악한 후, 전 세계 시장에서 경쟁력을 가지기 위한 활성화전략을 도출하고자 한다. 보다 구체적으로, 본 연구는 최종 활성화 전략을 도출하기 위해 3단계의 연구단계를 거치게 된다. 1단계에서는 EMC, IBM, HP, 삼성 SDS, LG C&S, SK C&C와 같은 국내외 선도적인 클라우드 데이터센터를 선정하여 이들 기업을 중심으로 시장현황(예를 들어 매출액, 기업규모, ROI, 데이터센터 전력사용량, 기술수준 등)을 분석하였다. 다음 2단계에서는 1단계의 시장현황 분석 자료를 토대로 국내 클라우드 데이터센터 기업의 강점과 약점을 도출하였다. 이들 강점과 약점은 국내 클라우드 데이터센터가 전략적 경쟁 우위를 지니기 위해 강화 혹은 보완해야 할 요인들을 규명하는 데에 도움이 된다. 마지막으로 규명된 강점과 약점을 바탕으로 3단계에서는 국내 클라우드 데이터센터를 활성화할 수 있는 전략적 방향을 제시하였다. 이와 같이 본 연구는 국내외 클라우드 데이터센터의 기업을 비교분석함으로써 관련 산업의 경쟁력제고 방안을 독자적으로 수립할 수 있는 초석을 마련하였다.

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Naphthoquinone Analog-induced G1 Arrest is Mediated by cdc25A Inhibition and p53-independent p21 Induction in Human Hepatocarcinoma Cells

  • Kim, Won-Ho;Kim, Jung-Woong;Jang, Sang-Min;Song, Ki-Hyun;Ham, Seung-Wook;Choi, Kyung-Hee
    • Animal cells and systems
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    • 제11권1호
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    • pp.9-15
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    • 2007
  • The naphthoquinone analog (2,3-dichloro-6,9-dihydroxy-1,4-naphtoquinone, NA) has an inhibitory effect on cdc25A protein phosphatase in vitro, which is responsible for G1/S transition during cell cycle. However, the exact mechanism inducing the growth inhibition is not understood. In this study, we investigated the regulatory mechanisms of growth arrest induced by NA, as a new potent inhibitor of cdc25A phosphatase, in human hepatocarcinoma SK-hep-1 cells. We found that NA induced the G1 arrest by perturbation of protein tyrosine dephosphorylation of Cdk2, which may be resulting from inhibition of cdc25A phosphatase. In addition, p21 was expressed in a p53-independent manner and participated in the NA-induced G1 arrest by inhibiting Cdk2 activity. Although the exact mechanism is not known, the p21 expression might be related to MAPK activation. From these results, we suggest that NA induces G1 arrest via inhibition of cdc25A and induction of p53-independent p21 expression in SK-Hep-1 cells.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae 의 10-nm Filament Ring 의 생성기작에 대한 연구 (Studies on the Organization of 10-nm Filament Ring in Saccharomyces cerevisiae)

  • 김성철;정재욱;김형배
    • 미생물학회지
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    • 제30권5호
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    • pp.333-338
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    • 1992
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae 의 mother cell과 daughter cell 의 연결 부위의 원형질막 바로 안쪽에 존재하는 10-nm filament ring 은 세포형태 형성과정에 중요한 역할을 하리라 간주되나 그 명확한 생성기작과 기능은 밝혀지지 않았다. 본연구에서는 CDC12 유전자로부터 gene fusion technique 을 이용하여 CDC12 단백질을 만들고 이로부터 항체를 형성하였다. 이항체를 이용하여 10-nm filament ring 의 생성기작과 기능에 대하여 연구하였다. 그 결과 CDC12 단백질은 cell cycle 전주기동안 항상 정이되나 bud 가 나오기 바고 직전에 bud 가 나올 부위에 polymerization 되었다가 세포질분열 바로 직후에 unpolymerization 되며 cytoskeletal element 의 일종인 actin 과는 무관하게 행동하는 건이 밝혀졌다. 이러한 10-nm filament 는 bud 가 나올 부위의 올바른 선정과 세포질 분열에 중요한 역할을 하리라 간주된다.

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글루타민 결핍에 의한 PC3 인체 전립선 암세포의 G2/M 세포주기 억제 유발 (Induction of G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest by Glutamine Deprivation in Human Prostate Carcinoma PC3 Cells)

  • 신동역;최성현;박동일;최영현
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제23권6호
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    • pp.832-837
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    • 2013
  • 본 연구에서는 생체 내 구성요소 및 에너지원으로서 중요한 역할을 하는 글루타민 결핍에 의한 인체 전립선 PC3 암세포의 증식에 관한 기전 연구를 실시하였다. 글루타민 결핍에 의한 PC3 세포의 증식억제는 세포주기 G2/M arrest와 연관성이 있었으나, apoptosis 유발 현상은 관찰되지 않았다. 글루타민 결핍에 의한 G2/M arrest는 전사 및 번역 수준에서 Cdc2, cyclin A 및 cyclin B1의 발현 억제 및 p53 비의존적인 p21(WAF1/CIP1)의 발현 증가와 연관성이 있었다. 아울러 글루타민 결핍은 Chk1 및 Chk2의 인산화를 증가시켰으나, Cdc25C의 인산화는 감소시켰다. 본 연구의 결과는 글루타민 결핍에 의한 PC3 세포의 증식억제가 apoptosis 유발과는 상관없이 G2/M arrest를 유발시킨다는 첫 번째 증거이다.

Cloning and Functional Characterization of Ptpcd2 as a Novel Cell Cycle Related Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase that Regulates Mitotic Exit

  • Zineldeen, Doaa H.;Wagih, Ayman A.;Nakanishi, Makoto
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제14권6호
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    • pp.3669-3676
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    • 2013
  • Faithful transmission of genetic information depends on accurate chromosome segregation as cells exit from mitosis, and errors in chromosomal segregation are catastrophic and may lead to aneuploidy which is the hallmark of cancer. In eukaryotes, an elaborate molecular control system ensures proper orchestration of events at mitotic exit. Phosphorylation of specific tyrosyl residues is a major control mechanism for cellular proliferation and the activities of protein tyrosine kinases and phosphatases must be integrated. Although mitotic kinases are well characterized, phosphatases involved in mitosis remain largely elusive. Here we identify a novel variant of mouse protein tyrosine phosphatase containing domain 1 (Ptpcd1), that we named Ptpcd2. Ptpcd1 is a Cdc14 related centrosomal phosphatase. Our newly identified Ptpcd2 shared a significant homology to yeast Cdc14p (34.1%) and other Cdc14 family of phosphatases. By subcellular fractionation Ptpcd2 was found to be enriched in the cytoplasm and nuclear pellets with catalytic phosphatase activity. By means of immunofluorescence, Ptpcd2 was spatiotemporally regulated in a cell cycle dependent manner with cytoplasmic abundance during mitosis, followed by nuclear localization during interphase. Overexpression of Ptpcd2 induced mitotic exit with decreased levels of some mitotic markers. Moreover, Ptpcd2 failed to colocalize with the centrosomal marker ${\gamma}$-tubulin, suggesting it as a non-centrosomal protein. Taken together, Ptpcd2 phosphatase appears a non-centrosomal variant of Ptpcd1 with probable mitotic functions. The identification of this new phosphatase suggests the existence of an interacting phosphatase network that controls mammalian mitosis and provides new drug targets for anticancer modalities.