• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.32-41
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• 1999

In this research, internal-mixing twin-fluid atomizer using sonic energy is designed and manufactured. We are trying to intimate high efficiency twin-fluid atomizer to obtain good liquid atomization in the low pressure region. Define of geometric form of atomizer, characteristics of spray is influenced by position, depth and height variation of cavity resonator, variation of sound intensity and resonant sound frequency with liquid flow rate. The liquid atomization is promoted by multi-stage disintegration of mixing flow of gas with liquid and the optimum condition of position and depth of cavity resonator according to sonic energy is obtained from the condition at a=2.5mm and L=2mm. The velocity distribution of droplets shows negative value due to recirculation region at the center of axial, and as the radial direction distance is far, the velocity distribution of droplets decrease slowly after having a maximum value. However velocity and SMD show nearly uniform distribution at the down stream and as result compared to Nukiyama and Tanasawa's equation. atomization of mixing flow with air and liquid dispersing from the outlet of the nozzle is promoted by the effect of collision at the cavity resonator.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제41권8호
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• pp.45-50
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• 2004

전류집속을 위하여 Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser(VCSEL)에 임플랜트 공정으로 만들어지는 반 절연층의 깊이는 VCSEL의 특성 및 신뢰도에 많은 영향을 준다. 이 연구에서는 낮은 문턱전류와 높은 신뢰도의 관점에서 최적화된 임플랜트 깊이를 정하고, 전기적 미분특성을 사용하여 최적화된 임플랜트 깊이를 판정하는 간단한 방법을 제시하였다. 최적화된 임플랜트 깊이는 임플랜트 선단을 1 - λ cavity에서 p-DBR mirror 약 2 주기 위에 위치시키는 것이다. 이 최적화된 임플랜트 깊이는 임플랜트 영역 밑을 옆 방향으로 흐르는 누설전류의 크기로부터 구할 수 있다. 전기적 미분특성은 이 누설전류를 찾아내는 좋은 방법인데, 이 전기적 미분특성을 이용하면 임플랜트 깊이를 간단하고 빠르게 알아낼 수 있기 때문이다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.57-62
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• 2016

PURPOSES : The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of size and depth of cavities on the pavement failure using the full-scale accelerated pavement testing. METHODS : A full-scale testbed was constructed by installing the artificial cavities at a depth of 0.3 m and 0.7 m from the pavement surface for accelerated pavement testing. The cavities were made of ice with a dimension of 0.5 m*0.5m*0.3m, and the thickness of asphalt and base layer were 0.2 m and 0.3 m, respectively. The ground penetrating radar and endoscope testing were conducted to determine the shape and location of cavities. The falling weight deflectometer testing was also performed on the cavity and intact sections to estimate the difference of structural capacity between the two sections. A wheel loading of 80 kN was applied on the pavement section with a speed of 10 km/h in accelerated pavement testing. The permanent deformation was measured periodically at a given number of repetitions. The correlation between the depth and size of cavities and pavement failure was investigated using the accelerated pavement testing results. RESULTS : It is found from FWD testing that the center deflection of cavity section is 10% greater than that of the intact section, indicating the 25% reduction of modulus in subbase layer due to the occurrence of the cavity. The measured permanent deformation of the intact section is approximately 10 mm at 90,000 load repetitions. However, for a cavity section of 0.7 m depth, a permanent deformation of 30 mm was measured at 90,000 load repetitions, which is three times greater than that of the intact section. At cavity section of 0.3 m, the permanent deformation reached up to approximately 90 mm and an elliptical hole occurred at pavement surface after testing. CONCLUSIONS : This study is aimed at determining the pavement failure mechanism due to the occurrence of cavities under the pavement using accelerated pavement testing. In the future, the accelerated pavement testing will be conducted at a pavement section with different depths and sizes of cavities. Test results will be utilized to establish the criteria of risk in road collapse based on the various conditions.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2009

2차원 초음속 공동유동에서 발생하는 압력진동을 제어하기 위한 목적으로, 본 연구에서는 수치해석적 연구를 수행하였다. 본 계산에서는 압력진동을 제어하기 위하여 보조공동의 형상을 변화시켰으며, 유동의 마하수를 1.50, 1.83 그리고 2.50로 변화시켰다. 그 결과, 보조공동은 압력진동을 상당히 감소시켰으며, 압력진동의 제어효과는 유동의 마하수와 보조공동의 상세형상에 크게 의존함을 알았다.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2005년도 제24회 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.368-373
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• 2005

효과적인 초음속 연소를 수행하기 위해 연료와 공기의 빠른 혼합을 이룰 수 있는 연료 분사 기술이 요구된다. 본 수치적 연구의 목적은 초음속 유동장내에서 공동 주위 연료분사 위치에 따른 연료/공기 혼합 및 연소 현상을 살펴보고자 한다. 연료 분사 위치는 연소기내에서 영향을 미치는 공동의 길이-깊이비를 변화시킨다. 따라서 같은 형상의 공동이라 하더라도 공동 주위 유동 특성이 달라지므로 연소기 내부의 연료/공기 혼합과 연소 현상에 영향을 끼치게 된다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제20권12호
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• pp.191-197
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• 2003

As mechanical components are miniaturized, the demand on micro die and mold is increasing. Micro mechanical components usually have high hardness and good conductivity. So micro electrical discharge machining (MEDM) is an effective way to machine those components. In micro cavity fabrication using MEDM, it is observed that the bottom surface of cavity is distorted. Electric charges tend to be concentrated at the sharp edge. At the center of the bottom surface, debris can not be drawn off easily. These two phenomena make the bottom surface of the electrode and workpiece distort. As machining depth increases, the distorted shape of electrode approaches hemisphere. This process is affected by capacitance and the size of electrode. By using a smaller electrode than the desired cavity size and appropriate tool movement, bottom shape distortion can be prevented.

• 한국가시화정보학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.46-54
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• 2013

Study of the wave structure and shear layer in the vicinity of a wall mounted cavity is done by time averaged colour schlieren and time resolved instantaneous shadowgraph technique in an M=1.7 flowfield. Effect of change of cavity width on flow structure is investigated by using constant length to depth (L/D) ratio cavity models with varying length to width (L/W) ratio of 0.83 to 4. The time averaged shock wave structure was observed to change with change in cavity width. Dependence of the shock angle at the leading edge on the shear layer width is also evident from the images obtained. Unsteadiness in the flow field in terms of shear layer dynamics and quasi steady nature of shock waves was evident from the images obtained during instantaneous shadowgraph experiments. Apart from the leading and trailing edge shocks, several other waves and flow features were observed. These flow features and the associated physical phenomena are discussed in details and presented in the paper.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2017

Curtain-wall systems have been widely applied to buildings because of their lightweight and constructability characteristics. However, as curtain-wall systems include many building materials, vapor barriers can become damaged and condensation can occur. Due to the material properties of stone curtain-walls, the external appearance and structure of a building could be damaged and the insulating performance of the curtain-wall could be worse. Natural ventilation using an air cavity in a curtain-wall is expected to be effective for the prevention of condensation in inner walls and for the reduction of building cooling energy use in the summer. The purpose of this experimental study is to analyze the influence of a ventilated cavity on the insulating performance of a curtain-wall and the ventilated cavity depth and ratio of top opening needed to prevent condensation in a curtain-wall.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.1921-1926
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• 2004

The tone generation mechanism and aeroacoustic characteristics have been investigated for flow over open cavities using direct acoustic numerical simulations. Physically the tone generation mechanism of open cavity is more complicated when flow instabilities are excited by the correlation effects of flow parameters. From non-dimensional parameter studies in very low Mach number range, it is shown that characteristics of cavity resonance inherently involve typical acoustic pattern at each discrete tone frequency, and especially in laminar flow the fundamental tone frequency is determined within flow instability criterion of laminar shear layer as well as cavity geometry, length to depth ratio.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.297-300
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• 2008

High pressure is involved during injection molding operation specially packing phase. Cracks in the mold are often occurred by high cavity pressure. In this study, structural analysis of mold has been performed using commercial softwares, Abaqus and Ansys, to investigate cause of crack in the injection mold. Structural analysis contains four cases: stress distribution according to the cavity pressure, stress concentration according to the boundary conditions, stress concentration for inter-locking design of mold, and stress concentration for distributed cavity pressure. Through this study it was observed that the locations of stress concentrations were coincident with locations of crack. Robust mold design is being required to withstand high cavity pressure.