• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.293-299
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• 2011

In this study, we demonstrated Fourier-domain/swept-source optical coherence tomography (FD/SS-OCT) at a center wavelength of 800 nm for in vivo human retinal imaging. A wavelength-swept source was constructed with a semiconductor optical amplifier, a fiber Fabry-Perot tunable filter, isolators, and a fiber coupler in a ring cavity. Our swept source produced a laser output with a tuning range of 42 nm (779 to 821 nm) and an average power of 3.9 mW. The wavelength-swept speed in this configuration with bidirectionality is 2,000 axial scans per second. In addition, we suggested a modified zero-crossing method to achieve equal sample spacing in the wavenumber (k) domain and to increase the image depth range. FD/SS-OCT has a sensitivity of ~89.7 dB and an axial resolution of 10.4 ${\mu}m$ in air. When a retinal image with 2,000 A-lines/frame is obtained, an acquisition speed of 2.0 fps is achieved.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.18-23
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• 2018

Propolis has been used as a natural remedy in folk medicine worldwide. The antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and antiprotozoal aspects of its antimicrobial properties have been widely investigated. However, few studies focused on its applications in dentistry. Many dental diseases are related to various microorganisms in the oral cavity. In this study, we assessed the antimicrobial activity of Korean propolis extract, collected from 6 different regions, on oral pathogenic microorganisms. The propolis samples, collected from 6 different regions (P1: Uijeongbu, P2: Ansan, P3: Hongcheon, P4: Iksan, P5: Gwangju, and P6: Sangju), were dissolved in ethanol at two different concentrations (10 and 50 mg/ml). Three oral bacteria (Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis) and one fungus (Candida albicans) were activated in general broth for 24 hours. Microorganisms were diluted and spread onto agar plates, onto which sterilized 6 mm filter papers with or without each propolis sample were placed. After 24 hours of incubation, clear zones of inhibition were observed. All tests were performed in triplicate. The propolis samples showed significant antibacterial and antifungal activity on oral pathogenic microorganisms; in addition, low-concentration groups showed outstanding antimicrobial efficacy on the 4 different microorganisms. Among the samples, P6 had significantly higher antibacterial activity than that of the others against three different bacteria. In particular, a high concentration of P6 showed a significant antifungal effect. In conclusion, we confirmed that Korean propolis has an inhibitory effect on oral pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Therefore, we suggest the possibility of developing oral medicine and oral care products based on Korean propolis.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.395-402
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• 2010

This study reports a portable and precision photonic biosensor reader that can measure the concentration of a particular antigen using an optical resonant reflection biosensor (ORRB). To create a compact biosensor reader, a compact tunable vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) and a compact built-in wavelength meter were manufactured. The wavelength stability and accuracy of the compact built-in wavelength meter were measured to be less than 0.02 nm and 0.06 nm, respectively. The tunable VCSEL emission wavelength was measured with the compact built-in wavelength meter, it has a fast sweep time (~ 10 seconds) and a wide tuning range (> 4 nm) that are sufficient for biosensor applications based on ORRB. The reflection spectrum of a plastic based ORRB chip was measured by the fabricated portable photonic biosensor reader using the VCSEL and wavelength meter. Although the reader is the size of a palmtop device, it could make a precise measurement of the peak wavelength on equal terms with a conventional bulky optical spectrometer.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.393-400
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 EQM(Engineering Qualification Model)급 Ku 대역 위성 중계기용 입력 멀티플렉서 설계 및 결과에 대하여 언급하였다. 각 채널은 Circulator Chain구조를 이용하여 분리되었으며, 채널 대역내에서의 진폭 변화와 군지연 변화를 최소화하기 위하여 각각의 채널은 채널필터 외부에 등화기를 사용하였다. 위성중계기의 무게와 부피를 최소화하기 위하여 채널필터와 등화기 모두 이중모드로 설계하였다. 채널별 주파수 선택도를 높이기 위하여 채널 필터는 8차 타원 응답형으로 설계하였으며, 등화기는 2차 반사형으로 설계하였다. 온도 변화에 따른 특성 변화를 최소화하기 위하여 필터와 등화기의 공동(cavity), 슬롯, 튜닝나사는 INVAR36을 사용하여 제작하였다. 제작한 입력 멀티플렉서는 진동 시험, 열진공 시험, EMC 시험을 실시하였으며 시험결과 Ku 대역 위성 중계기에 적용 가능한 성능을 나타내었다.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.146-151
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• 1999

고반복률의 안정된 솔리톤 펄스열 출력을 얻기 위해 재생형 위상 변조에 의한 고차 조화 모드록킹 방식을‘8’구조 광섬유 레이저에 적용하고 실험하였다. 레이저 펄스 출력의 종모드간 맥놀이 스펙트럼으로부터 모드록킹 기본 주파수의 96차 고조파인 400 MHz 성분을 추출하고. 이를 증폭하여 공진기 내의 위상 변조기를 구동함으로써 변조기의 변조 신호에 따라 등간격으로 정렬된 솔리톤 펄스열 출력을 얻을 수 있었다. 이때 솔리톤 펄스의 반치폭 930 fs, 반치 파장선폭은 3.1 nm 였으며, 펄스폭과 주파수 대역폭의 곱이 0.359로써 변환한계에 가까운 솔리톤 펄스임을 알 수 있었다. 변조 주파수가 레이저의 종모드간 주파수 차이와 언제나 정확히 일치하므로 능동형 모드록킹에서 흔히 요구되는 공진기 길이의 조절없이도 안정적인 고차 조화 모드록킹이 가능하였다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2005년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.6
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• pp.526-528
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• 2005

파장 분할 다중화 방식 (WDM)의 광통신은 중앙 기지국에서 각 가입자에게 서로 다른 파장을 할당하여 동시에 데이터를 전송하는 방식으로서 각 가입자는 할당된 파장을 이용하여 항상 데이터를 송/수신할 수 있고 각 가입자에게 대용량의 데이터를 전송할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 통신의 보안성이 뛰어나고 성능 향상이 용이하다 따라서 상, 하향(양방향, bidirectional) 3 파장 WDM-필터 소자(Flat band-path filter)는 광 가입자망 구축에서 통신 방송을 융합한 양방향 고화질 멀티미디어 서비스 사업에 반드시 필요로 하는 원천 부품이다. 본 연구에서는 1차원 광자결정을 이용한 저 손실 양방향 3 파장 WDM-필터를 얻을 수 있는 이론적 모델을 설계하고 그에 따라 2-cavity $Ta_2O_5/SiO_2$ 1차원 광자결정체를 제작하고 그 특성을 고찰 하였다. 파장에 따른 투과도 측정 결과 1550nm파장에서 투과되고 1310nm 및 1490nm파장에 대한 차단이 이론값과 일치하였다. 1550nm 파장 대에서 손실이 매우 낮은 flat-투과 밴드가 생성되었다. 특히 입사각도에 따라 flat-band 중심 파장의 변화를 이용하므로 새로운 개념의 WDM 소자로의 응용이 가능하다.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.286-293
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• 1991

$^{123}I$, which is applied for the thyroid and other in vivo kinetic study, has a special role in life sciences. The 159 KeV $\gamma-ray$ from $^{123}I$ is almost ideally appropriate for the current imaging instrumentation. Its decay mode (electron capture) and short half-life (13.3 hr) reduced the burden of radiation dose to the patients, and its chemical property makes it easy to synthesize the labelling compounds. In this experiment, the production of $^{123}I$ via the nuclear reaction $^{124}Te(p,2n)^{123}I$ with 28 MeV protons was sutdied. $TeO_2$ is used as a target material, because it has good physical properties. The target was prepared with $TeO_2$ powder and was molten into a ellipsoidal cavity (a=14 mm, b=10 mm, $270.8mg/cm^2$ thick) of pure platinum. The irradiation was carried out in the external proton beam with incident energies range from 28 MeV to 22 MeV, and current was $30{\mu}A$. The loss of $TeO_2$ target was significantly reduced by using $4\pi-cooling$ system in irradiation. The dry distillation method was adopted for the separation of $^{123}I$ from irradiated target, and when it was kept 5 minutes at $780^{\circ}C$, its result was quantitative. The loss of the target material $(TeO_2)$ was below 0.2% for each production run and $^{123}I$ from the dry distillation apparatus was captured with 0.01 N NaOH in $Na^{123}I$ form, then the pH of the solution was adjusted to $7.5\sim9.0$ with HC1/NaOH. The $Na^{123}I$ solution was passed through $0.2{\mu}m$ membrane filter, and sterilized under high pressure and temperature for 30 minutes. The production of $^{123}I$ is acceptable for clinical application based on the quality of USP XXI.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.1050-1058
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 40 GHz 대역에서 동작하는 IEEE 802.16 고정 무선 통신 액세스를 위한 소형 저가격 및 광대역의 수신 모듈을 설계하고 구현하는 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 수신 모듈은 우수한 성능을 달성하기 위하여 캐비티 공정을 가지는 다층 LTCC 기술을 사용한다. 수신기는 저잡음 증폭기, 서브-하모닉 믹서, 내장된 이미지 제거필터와 IF 증폭기로 구성된다. 전송 손실과 모듈의 크기를 줄이기 위하여, 각 소자를 연결하기 위한 CB-CPW, 스트립 선로, 본드 와이어 및 천이(transition)들이 사용된다. LTCC는 유전율 7.1인 Dupont사의 DP-943을 사용하고 층수는 6층이며, 각 층의 높이가 100 um이다. 구현된 모듈의 크기는 $20{\times}7.5{\times}1.5\;mm^3$이며, 전체 잡음 지수는 4.8 dB 이하, 하향 변환 이득이 19.83 dB, 입력 P1 dB가 -22.8 dBm이고 이미지 제거값이 36.6 dBc 이상이다. 그리고 $560\~590\;MHz$ 대역의 디지털 TV 신호를 40 GHz 대역으로 상향 변환하여 전송시킨 후, 수신 모듈을 이용하여 시연하였다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.211-218
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• 2021

BACKGROUND: Fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) is produced by chemical reactions between various precursors. PM_2.5 has been found to create greater human risk than particulate matter (PM₁₀), with diameters that are generally 10 micrometers and smaller. Ammonia (NH₃) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) are the sources of secondary generation of PM_2.5. These substances generate PM_2.5 through some chemical reactions in the atmosphere. Through chemical reactions in the atmosphere, NH₃ generates PM_2.5. It is the causative agent of PM_2.5. In 2017 the annual ammonia emission recorded from the agricultural sector was 244,335 tons, which accounted for about 79.3% of the total ammonia emission in Korea in that year. To address this issue, the agricultural sector announced the inclusion of reducing fine particulate matter and ammonia emissions by 30% in its targets for the year 2022. This may be achieved through analyses of its emission characteristics by monitoring the PM_2.5 and NH₃. METHODS AND RESULTS: In this study, the PM_2.5 concentration was measured real-time (every 1 hour) by using beta radiation from the particle dust measuring device (Spirant BAM). NH₃ concentration was analyzed real-time by Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy (CRDS). The concentrations of ozone (O₃) and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) were continuously measured and analyzed for the masses collected on filter papers by ultraviolet photometry and chemiluminescence. CONCLUSION: This study established air pollutant monitoring system in agricultural areas to analyze the NH₃ emission characteristics. The amount of PM_2.5 and NH₃ emission in agriculture was measured. Scientific evidence in agricultural areas was obtained by identifying the emission concentration and characteristics per season (monthly) and per hour.