• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.359-368
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• 1999

Background : The purpose of this study was to determine whether cleansing the perineum and urethral meatus and using midstream urine affect the rate of bacterial contamination of urine specimens, and to determine the optimum urine collection method. We studied 41 asymptomatic healthy nursing school students. Women who were menstruating were not excluded from this study. Method : The first and midstream urine samples were collected during consecutive urinationsby each woman. The first sample was not a clean-catch specimen, and the second one was a clean-catch specimen. Both specimens were studied by urinalysis and bacterial culture with standard methods. Results : 41 women met the study criteria and 39 successfully completed the study. None of the urine cultures were positive. 68.3% of the non clean-catch first urine cultures, 53.7% of the non clean-catch midstream cultures, 33.3% of the first clean-catch urine culteres and 30.8% of the midstream clean-catch urine were found to be contaminated. There was a significant difference in the bacterial contamination rates between the first and midstream urine, and the clean-catch and non clean-catch urine(p=0.035, p =0.001 respectively). On urinalysis, 7.3% of the non clean-catch first urine, 7.3% of the non clean-catch midstream urine, 2.6% of the clean-catch first urine and 2.6% of clean-catch midstream urine were found to be above grade 2. Conclusions : According to our results, the bacterial contamination rate was the lowest in midstream and clean catch urine specimens. Threrfore it is recommended that the midstream clean-catch technique is the standard practice for collecting urine specimens for bacterial culture in women.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.41-52
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• 2021

Data for fish species composition and the catch of fish species were obtained from the daily trading records for the period between April and December 2016 to 2018 at the set net fishing grounds in Yeosu Bay, Korea. The annual mean total catch was 195.8 tons, and the dominant species was the Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus niphonius), which accounts for about 55 percent of the total catch. The catch increased in spring and autumn. Increase in spring is caused by not Spanish mackerel but other fish while the increase in autumn by Spanish mackerel. The distinct increase of the catch in summer, 2017 was due to the new recruitment of small-sized Spanish mackerel, which was probably to be from the fish population hatched in spring in the East China Sea. Our results showed a strong correlation between water temperature and catch fluctuation. The catch increases with the increase in water temperatures, and the periodic pattern of the water temperature and catch fluctuation is more consistent in the offshore waters, in which warm current flows, than in the coast waters.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.227-236
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• 1999

Temperal and spacial analysis for catches have been drawing up a catch distribution chart and analysing catches and CPUE(Catch Per Unit Effort) using catch data with purpose of obtaining basic data to establish a selective method of effective fishing the tuna purse seine fishing ground.The temperature profile section and catch was surveyed to analyse the effect of catch in relation to the fishing ground environment.The results are as follows ;1. As for the catch variation between 1983 and 1984, the catch mainly took place on150^{\circ}E$, and after that it moved eastward enlarging the range of catch. In the monthly catch variation between January and February, the catches mainly happened on 135$^{\circ}$~ 150$^{\circ}$E, and then moved to the gradually westward. However, from July it moved to the South and from October Southeast.2. As to the eatch ratio for the school associated with the drifted object, the pelagic migrating school and the school associated with the biological objects, the catch ratio for the school associated with the drift objects was the highest. The catch ratio for the school associated with the drifted object was high in June, July and November whiles between January and March for the pelagic migrating school.3. SST(Sea Surface Temperature) was around 28~29^C$ on the observing line of 137^{\circ}E$ and the catches took place in the north equatorial counter-current situated on around $5^{\circ}~6^{\circ}N$. SST in the northern summer was 1^C$higher than winter and it was about 29~30^C$. The catch happened with the center of north equatorial counter-current. The reason why the catch mainly took place on the north equatorial counter-current is that main catch of tuna purse seine was the school associated with drift objects. It is thought that the fishing grounds are made in waters that have many drift objects like drift logs from the coast.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.103-114
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• 2010

For an effective management of fisheries resources, we need fisheries informations necessary for the establishment of reasonable fishing effort and TAC distribution. To study the present state of by-catch and discard of gill-net fishery in the East Sea, we carried out fishing research using trammel nets in the coastal sea of Susan-port (Yangyang), Jangho-port (Samcheok) and Hupo-port (Uljin). As a result, a total of catch of Susan was 259,172g and that of Hopo was 577,638g. Thus Catch of Susan was 1.49 times more than that of Hupo considering the number of used fishing gear. And catch of Janho was 7.4 times more than that of Susan considering the number of experiment. Two methods of by-catch analysis in this study were used, one method is standardizing of listed species catching possible in fishing license, another method is regarding catch species under 1% of total catch as by-catch. As a result of by-catch analysis of two method, by-catch rate of Susan was 6.55% and 5.87% respectively, that of Hupo was 44.70% and 5.24% and that of Jangho was 0.96% and 2.31%. Discard rate of fish in Susan, Hupo and Jangho were 1.59%, 3.42%, 2.23% respectively.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-19
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• 2013

As the catch-up innovation system was exposed to a new competition environment in which second-tier catch-up countries reduced the gap with Korea and advanced Korean firms entered into the frontier product market, it is experiencing system delay in terms of organizational and policy change. Therefore, innovation policy needs to be reorganized from a dynamic perspective to analyze the problems in the transition period and enable the system to overcome organizational and institutional delays. This article investigates the characteristics of transition periods in terms of external environment changes and internal socio-economic pressures. Based on the analysis of environment changes and catch-up system characteristics, it suggests the framework for policy intervention, direction, and practical principles for post catch-up innovation policy. In particular, it suggests the network-based developmental state and policy implementation in order to overcome the limitation of centralized developmental state of catch-up periods.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.250-260
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• 2013

The annual and monthly fluctuation in the species composition and the catch abundance of dominant species were analyzed using the daily sales slip catch data by a set net in the offshore waters off Dolsan Island in Yeosu from March 2004 to December 2011. Mean catch from 2004 to 2011 is 372M/T and the maximum and the minimum catch are 526 M/T in 2005 and 27 2M/T in 2009, respectively. The dominant species were Engraulis japonicus mainly in spring and Scomberomorous niphonius in Autumn and therefore the set net catch that is dominated by S. niphonius's catch was much higher in autumn than in spring. Through comparative analyses for the environmental factors to the annual catch fluctuation, it is revealed that the water temperature variation affected the recruitment property of S. niphonius to the fishing ground but the effect of typhoon on the catch fluctuation was not distinct. Furthermore, the big blooming event of jellyfish, particularly Nemopilema nomurai, that occurred in 2009 showed a tendency of faster appearance and later extinction until December. The occurring characteristic of N. nomurai became a direct cause that brought about the lowest total catch in 2009 since the dominant species catch of the set net fishery was concentrated mostly in Autumn.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.349-356
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• 2017

The catch composition of commercially important species of the stationary lift net at Barangay Gines, Miagao, Iloilo, the Philippines was investigated from December 2013 to May 2014 during the different phases of the moon. A total of 486 kg of fish coming from 12 different genera, including mollusk and crustaceans, was caught and identified from the catch of the stationary lift net. Among the 12 genera identified from the catch of stationary lift net, anchovy (Stolephorus), sardines (Sardinella), squid (Loligo) and mysid shrimp (Acetes) were considered to be commercially important due to their value. Acetes catch was highest during the new moon in the month of January. Loligo catch was also high during the new moon except in the month of May. Stolephorus catch was also highest during the new moon except in the month of January. Sardinella catch was highest during the first quarter in the month of February. Full moon had the lowest catch all throughout the duration of the study while new moon had the highest catch during December 2013 to March 2014 and first quarter was the highest in the months of April and May.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.83-88
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• 2009

The purpose of this paper is to obtain the fundamental data on the catch fluctuation in the pound set net according to the tide age from the catch recorded from the year 1997 to 2004 in the coastal waters of Guideok, Jeju. Total catch by the pound set net had a little connection with the tide age. During increasing tide, total catch were reduced slightly from the neap tide to the high tide while there seemed to be a little sign of rise in the total catch until decreasing tide. But in the relation between the catches and the tide age, the level of the correlation coefficient chosen at $p{\le}0.05$ was not significant. Therefore, the catch of the pound set net seemed not to be influenced by the tide age. In addition, CPUE at the high tide was higher than that at the neap tide. When the catch per operating frequency was graded in the order under 50 kg, 50-100 kg and 100-200 kg, the frequency rate by the pound set net was 38%, 19% and 19%, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.112-119
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• 2008

The fundamental data on the catch fluctuation in the rectangular set net according to the tide age were developed based on the catches recorded from the year 1986 to 2004 in the coastal waters of Hamdeok, Jeju. Total catch by the rectangular set net had a deep connection with the tide age. In particular, during increasing tide, total catch were reduced gradually from the neap tide to the high tide. As it turned out, the slope of total catch declined by degree and showed a correlation coefficient of determination of 0.76. On the contrary, in the case of decreasing tide, there was little sign of rise in total catch. In particular, large catch seemed to occur at the next tide to the neap tide. In the relation between the catch and the tide age, the level of the correlation coefficient chosen at $p{\leq}0.05$ decreased in the order rabbitfish(-0.84) and horse mackerel(-0.71), while the significance of other dominant species were not selected.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.208-217
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• 2021

This study described the fishing characteristics of Pacific herring Clupea pallasii and examined the relationship between its catch and sea temperature in Korean waters from 1970 to 2019. Although the herring catch in Korean waters stayed below 1,000 tons per year from the mid-1970s to mid-1980s, the catch in the winters in the East Sea of Korea started to increase markedly after 1987-1988, when the sea surface temperature (SST) seemed to shift to a warmer regime. Since the mid-2000s, overall, herring was caught throughout the year in the East Sea and eastern South Sea of Korea, and its catch significantly increased by around 30,000 tons per year. The main fishing grounds of herring in the poor fishing years until the mid-1980s were possibly formed in the western offshore of Korea, and subsequently the fishing grounds were distributed in the eastern coast of Korea. While the standardized catch per unit effort (CPUE) for two main fisheries of herring catch was significantly correlated with the herring catch since the 2000s, there was a gradual decline since the 2010s. The herring catch in the East Sea had significant positive correlations with SSTs, but that in the West Sea had a significant negative correlation.