• Applied Microscopy
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.283-289
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• 2009

In order to examine the effect of Injinhotang extract on the liver cancer induced by N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) and carbon tetrachloride ($CCl_4$) in Rats. The animals were divided into three groups. The normal (Nor) group were fed basal diet. Control (Con) group were administered with NDEA (200 mg/kgb.w., i.p.) and $CCl_4$. Injinhotang extract (IJH) group treated with Injinhotang extract (260 mg/kg/day) for 8 weeks after NDEA+$CCl_4$. Enzymic antioxidants, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase levels were determined in all the groups of animals. The activities of SOD were significantly increased in the Con, but the activities of catalase were decreased in the Con, but the anti-oxidative enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase were increased in the IJH. In the immunohistochemistry observation, treatment of Injinhotang extract reduced the rates of p53 immunoreactivity. According to the electron microscopical observation, in the liver cancer cells were increased the smooth endoplasmic reticulum and dilated the rough endoplasmic reticulum in the Con compared with IJH. These results suggest that administration of Injinhotang extract suppress or retard NDEA and $CCl_4$-induced liver cancer.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.24-29
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• 2002

Present study investigates the protective effects of green tea against acute ethanol administration on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant system in various regions of rat brain ; cortex, cerebellum, striatum and hippofampus. The following parameters were examined : malondialdehyde(MDA) concentrations and activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px). Male Sprague-Dawley rats of 9 month old were given control diets or those containing 1% green tea powder for 4 weeks, and at tole end of feeding each diet group was received acute ethanol(5g/kg body weight) or equicaloric sucrose solution administration. Results indicated that green tea powder significantly decreased malondialdehyde(MDA) levels in the striatum(81.85nmol/g tissue) and hippocampus(71.68nmol/g tissue), compared to control group(145.68nmol/g tissue in the striatum, 119.04nmol/g tissue in the hippocampus). Also, a significant decrease was observed in the striatum of green tea-ethanol treated group compared to control group. Green tea significantly blocked an ethanol-induced catalase activation in the hippocampus, which means an ethanol administration drew a significant increase only in control diet groups. In conclusion, these results suggest that moderate consumption of green tea leaves ctrl have protective effects against ethanol induced oxidative stress on various regions of rat brain, by significantly reducing MDA concentrations in the striatum and hippocampus and inhibiting ethanol induced catalase activation in the hippocampus.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.21 no.2 s.24
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• pp.295-306
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• 1988

Dose-response relationship among blood cadmium concentrations, catalase and superoxide dismutase activities were studied with acutely intoxicated rats by cadmium. The Sprague-Dawley male rats to which single dose of $1{\sim}32mg/kg\;CdCl_2$ were administered into peritoneal cavity were sacrificed by decapitation at $3{\sim}36$ hours after the administration. Cadmium concentrations in blood increased significantly with dose of $CdCl_2$ administered and reached peak level at 3 hours later. Catalase activities in rats' testes were not correlated with esposure time elapsed after the administration in rats to which $1{\sim}2mg/kg\;of\;CdCl_2$ were administered, but they showed linear relationship with time in groups to which $4{\sim}32mg/kg\;of\;CdCl_2$ were administered. Cu, Zn-SOD activities in testes of acutely intoxicated rats by cadmium were not altered either by dosage or by time elapsed after the administration. Mn-SOD activities in the testes were also not influenced by dosage of $1{\sim}2mg/kg\;CdCl_2$, but remarkably inactivated by dosage of $4{\sim}32mg/kg\;CdCl_2$ with time elapsed after the administration. Neither catalase, Cu, Zn-SOD nor Mn-SOD activities of testes were correlated with blood cadmium concentrations in acutely intoxicated rats by cadmium.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.279-290
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• 2002

This study was performed to assess age-related changes in DNA damage and antioxidative capacity in 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 months old Sprague-Dawley male rats. The following were measured the degree of oxidative DNA damage as indicated by levels of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (80HdG) in the kidney ; the peroxidized lipid concentrations in the plasma and the liver, as indicated by the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS); and the levels of antioxidant enzyme activities in the erythrocytes and the liver. Both body weight (BW) and epididymal fat pad (EFP) weight per BW increased with age until 16 months, then decreased slightly from 20 to 24 months. However, the weights of the liver, kidney and spleen per BW decreased with age. Concentrations of 8-OHdG in the kidney increased with age, only slightly front 4 to 16 months, and then markedly from 16 to 24 months. TBARS concentrations in the plasma and liver were shown to increase with age, being lowest in the 4 month-old group and highest in the 24 month-old group. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the erythrocytes increased with age Catalase activity in the erythrocytes increased from 4 to 16 months, then decreased from 20 to 24 months. Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in the erythrocytes showed no age-related change. Liver SOD activity decreased with age, particularly from 16 to 20 months, but catalase and GSH-Px activities in the liver showed no significant changes. These results showed that during the normal aging of SD rats, DNA damage in the kidney and TBARS concentrations in the plasma and liver increased with age, particularly after 16 months, and the imbalance of antioxidative enzyme activities in the erythrocytes accelerated with age.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.91-98
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• 2010

Purpose: Troglitazone (TRO), a PPAR-$\gamma$ agonist, can reduce heat shock protein (HSP) 70 and increase the antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase, which might affect thermal sensitivity. Here, we investigated whether TRO modifies thermal sensitivity in uterine cervical cancer cells, which is most commonly treated by hyperthermia (HT). Materials and Methods: HeLa cells were treated with $5{\mu}M$ TRO for 24 hours before HT at $42^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour. Cell survival was analyzed by clonogenic assay. The expression of HSPs was analyzed by Western blot. SOD and catalase activity was measured and reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured using 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate and dihydroethidium. Results: The decreased cell survival by HT was increased by preincubation with TRO before HT. Expression of HSP 70 was increased by HT however, it was not decreased by preincubation with TRO before HT. The decreased Bcl-2 expression by HT was increased by preincubation with TRO. SOD and catalase activity was increased by 1.2 and 1.3 times,respectively with TRO. Increased ROS by HT was decreased by preincubation with TRO. Conclusion: TRO decreases thermal sensitivity through increased SOD and catalase activity, as well as scavenging ROS in HeLa cells.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.285-290
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• 2015

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of nickel chloride ($NiCl_2$) exposure on oxidative stress of the abalone Haliotis discus hannai. Experimental groups were composed of one control condition and five nickel chloride exposure conditions (5.9, 8.8, 13.3, 20.0, 30.0 mg/L). Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was increased in the foot and hepatopancreas, but decreased in the gill. Catalase (CAT) activity was increased in all exposure groups except 20.0 mg/L and 30.0 mg/L. In the gill, CAT activity was similar to the control group for all exposure groups. In the hepatopancreas, CAT activity was increased compared with the control group. However SOD and CAT activity showed not significant differences (P > 0.05).

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.148-154
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• 2003

This study was designed to investigate the effect of Korean Red ginseng(Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) extracts on antioxidative activities in Sprague-Dawley rats. This study also evaluated the synergistic effect of Korean red ginseng(RG) extracts with Saururus chinensis(Lour.) Baill(SC). and Rubus coreanus Miq.(RC) extracts. Experimental groups were divided into supplementation type(RG extracts, RG with SC and RC extracts) and amounts of extracts. Rats were received drinking water with or without RG, RC and SC extracts for eight weeks. In the antioxidant enzyme activities of liver cytosol, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities were significantly increased in RG groups and RG with SC and RC groups compared to control group. The antioxidative activities were increased in proportion to supplementation period and amounts of extracts. These results suggest that RG, RC and SC extracts have an beneficial effect to enhance the cellular antioxidant activities in rats.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.265-269
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• 1999

Transgenic tobacco plants expressing either a sweet potato anionic peroxidase (POD) (swpal) or neutral POD (swpnl) were irradiated by gamma radiation, and the gamma radiation-induced biochemical changes in antioxidant enzymes and plant growth inhibition were investigated at 30 days after treatment. Gamma radiation significantly inhibited the growth of all plants regardless of transgenic or nontransformed plants, showing a dose-dependent inhibition. In high dosage of 50 and 70 Gy, plant heights were severely retarded and new leaves does not emerged. No significant changes in antioxidant enzymes such as POD, superoxide dismutase and catalase were observed in all plants regardless of irradiation dosages ranging from 10 to 50 Gy. These results suggest that sweet potato PODs may be not involved in the protection against the oxidative stress induced by gamma radiation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.471-476
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• 1999

The effects of total dietary restriction(100% restriction of energy intake) on thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS) contents and intracellular antioxidant enzymes activities in the liver and kidney of young male Sprague Dawley rats were studied. The TBARS contents were reduced in both liver and kidney, up to 77% and 79% of the control rats, fed ad libitum, respectively at 7 days after dietary restriction . Superoxide dismutase(SOD) activities in the liver and kidney of rats were increased significantly by total dietary restriction. However, the activity of catalase in kidney was decreased 27% at 6 days after dietary restriction, but this enzyme activity did not change in liver. The changes of glutathione peroxidae(GSHPx) and catalase activities in the liver and kidney of rats with dietary restriction were not significant. These result suggested that dietary restriction reduce the free radical induced by tissue damage, as determined by TBARS content, in both the liver and kidney but the changes of activities of antioxidant enzymes may not be a contributory factor in reducing oxidative damage to tissue.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.327-337
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• 1999

Background: Reactive oxygen species are involved in multi-stage process of carcinogenesis. The moot of cancer cell lines and cancer cells in tumor tissue produce reactive oxygen species and on the other hand, the activities of catalase, Mn- and CuZn-superoxide dismutase in tumor cells are usually low. These persistent oxidative stress in tumor tissue facilitates tumor invasion and metastasis. 12-kDa thioredoxin, which regulates the intracellular redox potential with glutathione and glutaredoxin is involved in cell activation, proliferation, differentiation and redox-mediated apoptosis. It is also purified as 14-kDa and 10-kDa eooinophilic cytotoxic enhancing factor(ECEF) from human histiocytic cell(U937) and 10-kDa ECEF has more than 20 times eosinophilic stimulation activity than 14-kDa ECEF. It has been reported that adult T-cell leukemia, squamous cell carcinoma of uterine cervix, and hepatocellular carcinoma show increased amounts of human thioredoxin and thioredoxin mRNA is increased in lung cancer. In this study, we investigated the expression of conventional antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, CuZn-SOD, and glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin in lung cancer tissue compared to adjacent normal lung tissue and the induction of thioredoxin in macrophage cells after treatment of oxidative stress and endotoxin Methods: We measured the amount of conventional antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, CuZn-SOD, and glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin in lung cancer tissue compared to adjacent normal lung tissue by immunoblot analysis and the induction of thioredoxin in mouse monocyte-macrophage cells(RAW 264.7) by treatment of 5 ${\mu}M$ menadione and 1 ${\mu}g/ml$ endotoxin Results: On immunoblot analysis, the expression of 12-kDa thioredoxin was increased in lung cancer tissue compared to paired normal lung tissue. but the expression of catalase and CuZn-SOD were decreased in lung cancer tissue compared to paired normal tissue and the expression of glutathione peroxidase in lung cancer was variable. The expression of truncated thioredoxin was also increased in lung cancer. When mouse monocyte-macrophage cells were treated with 5 ${\mu}M$ menadione and 1 ${\mu}g/ml$ endotoxin, the expression of thioredoxin was peaked at 12 hrs and sustained to 48 hrs. Conclusion: In contrast with other conventional antioxidants, the expression of 12-kDa and truncated thioredoxin in lung cancer were increased and it is closely associated with persistent oxidative stress in tumor microenvironment. Considering especially the biological functions of truncated thioredoxin, the increased amount of truncated thioredoxin has significant role in tumor growth through cell proliferation.