• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.281-288
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• 2022

This study quantitatively analyzed the human casualties that can occur when a multicopter-type Urban Air Mobility (UAM) with a weight of about 1 ton and a speed of about 100 km/h falls in an urban area. Based on the population density and building database in Seoul, the population exposed to collisions in the event of a UAM crash was derived. Through the ballistic descent model, the accident impact radius of the UAM fall was calculated. In addition, the change in human casualties on the ground was analyzed when the accident impact radius increased. Finally, the ground risk map was created for Seoul, and it was confirmed that about 1 to 10 people could be injured when a UAM crash.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2021.05a
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• pp.164-165
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• 2021

In Korea, in the case of fire scenarios in performance design, it is assumed that the sprinkler is not working. In addition, it does not applicate various fire conditions. Therefore it is not enough that the accuracy about fire scenario. In foreign countries, reseach is being conducted to predict the casualities that can occur due to fire in the building space through statistical risk analysis. Also, research is consistently conducting for design that consider the sprinker probability of operation. Therefore, to analyze the fire risk of each building in Korea, the risk was analyzed using statistical data. As a result, the risk of casualties that can occur for each building use was analyzed as 0.6(persons/cases) for residential buildings, 0.25(persons/cases) for sales facilities, and 0.12(persons/cases) for buisiness facilities.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.29-39
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• 2018

In this study, the applicabilities of flood risk indices using FVI from IPCC, PSR method from OECD, and DPSIR method from EEA, were analyzed. Normalized values of daily maximum rainfall, hourly maximum rainfall, ten minute maximum rainfall, annual precipitation, total days of heavy rainfall (more than 80mm/day), density of population, density of asset, DEM, road statistics, river maintenance ratio, reservoir capacity, supply ratio of water supply and sewerage, and pumping capacity were constructed from 2000 to 2015 for nationwide 113 watersheds, to estimate flood risk indices. The estimated indices were compared to 4 different types of flood damage such as the number of casualties, damage area, the amount of flood damage, and flood frequency. The relationships between flood indices and different flood damage types demonstrated that the flood index using the PSR method shows better results for the amount of flood damage, the number of casualties and damage area, and the flood index using the DPSIR method shows better results for flood frequency.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.53-72
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• 2004

Today we are observing a lot of injuries, casualties, and property losses that are mainly caused by the defects of products. In order to derive safety designs, which minimize the possibility of such product liability-related accidents, we need to take into account the user-product interaction as an important part of the danger factor analysis. Existing risk analysis techniques, however, have some limitations in detecting comprehensive danger factors that are peculiarly involved in human errors and the functional defects of products. Researches on danger factor analysis regarding the user-product interaction have been carried out actively in ergonomics. In this paper, we suggest a novel product risk analysis technique, which is more objective and systematic compared to the previous ones, by combining a modified TAFEI (Task Analysis For Error Identification) technique with SASA (Systematic Approach to Accident Scenario Analysis) technique. By applying this technique to the product design practice in industry, corporations will be able to improve the product safety, consequently strengthening the competitiveness.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.02b
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• pp.13-24
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• 2009

This paper introduces various kinds of applications of the scenario-based seismic risk assessment in Taiwan. Seismic scenario simulation (SSS) is a GIS-based technique to assess distribution of ground shaking intensity, soil liquefaction probability, building damages and associated casualties, interruption of lifeline systems, economic losses, etc. given source parameters of an earthquake. The SSS may integrate with rapid earthquake information release system to obtain valuable information and to assist in decision-making processes to dispatch rescue and medical resources efficiently. The SSS may also integrate with probabilistic seismic hazard analysis to evaluate various kinds of risk estimates, such as average annual loss and probable maximum loss in one event, in a probabilistic sense and to help proposing feasible countermeasures.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.02a
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• pp.16-24
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• 2010

This paper introduces the applications of Taiwan Earthquake Loss Estimation System (TELES), which is developed by the National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering (NCREE). Seismic disaster simulation technology (SDST) integrates geographical information system to assess the distribution of ground shaking intensity, ground failure probability, building damages, casualties, post-quake fires, debris, lifeline interruptions, economic losses, etc. given any set of seismic source parameters. The SDST may integrate with Taiwan Rapid Earthquake Information Release System (TREIRS) developed by Central Weather Bureau (CWB) to obtain valuable information soon after large earthquakes and to assist in decision-making processes to dispatch rescue and medical resources more efficiently. The SDST may also integrate with probabilistic seismic source model to evaluate various kinds of risk estimates, such as average annual loss, probable maximum loss in one event, and exceeding probability curves of various kinds of losses, to help proposing feasible countermeasures and risk management strategies.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.11b
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• pp.2101-2107
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• 2008

This study has proposed the development procedure of 'railway accident risk assessment model' by as a common approach. The risk assessment procedure is following the requirements of the common safety methods (CSM) suggested in EU and was developed based on the accident scenarios. Various hazardous events, which have the potential to lead directly to casualties, were defined. Then, for each hazardous event, the railway accident appearance scenarios and railway accident progress scenarios were developed. The developed procedure will provide a generic model of the safety risk on the Korea railway.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.25-31
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• 2020

Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion(BLEVE) can cause not only economic damage to the plant but also serious casualties. LPG accidents account for 89.6 percent of all accidents caused by gas leaks in Korea over the past nine years, while casualties from accidents also account for 73 percent of all accidents, according to statistics from the Korea Gas Safety Corporation. In addition, a potential explosion and a fire accident from one LPG storage tank may affect the nearby storage tanks, causing secondary and tertiary damage (domino effect). The safety distance standards for LPG used by LPG workplaces, charging stations, and homes in Korea have become stricter following the explosion of LPG charging stations in Bucheon. The safety distance regulation is divided into regulations based on the distance damage and the risk including frequency. This study suggests two approaches to optimizing the safety distance based on the just consequence and risk including frequencies. Using the Phast 7.2 Risk Assessment software by DNV GL, the explosion overpressure and heat radiation were derived according to the distance caused by BLEVE in the worst-case scenario, and accident and damage probability were derived by considering the probit function and domino effect. In addition, the safety distance between LPG tanks or LPG charging stations was derived to minimize damage effects by utilizing these measures.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.218-219
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• 2020

The risk of a fire in a building is closely related to the usage of the building. In particular, all fires that occur in a building are not risky to safety of human life, and it is associated with the combustion area and the increase of total floor area of the building. Therefore, this study focused on safety of human life in terms of the statistics of fire with considering the aspect of growing fires and analyzed the statistical data of fire for 10 years. As for the analysis on fire, the time of occurrence by usages of buildings, frequency of occurrence and the ratio of casualties etc. were analyzed. It is expected that results of this study could be used for evaluations on a variety of parts in terms of design, construction and maintenance of buildings.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.631-647
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• 2015

Engineers may encounter unpredictable cavities, sinkholes and karst conduits while tunneling in karst area, and water inrush disaster frequently occurs and endanger the construction safety, resulting in huge casualties and economic loss. Therefore, an optimal classification method based on grey system theory (GST) is established and applied to accurately predict the occurrence probability of water inrush. Considering the weights of evaluation indices, an improved formula is applied to calculate the grey relational grade. Two evaluation indices systems are proposed for risk assessment of water inrush in design stage and construction stage, respectively, and the evaluation indices are quantitatively graded according to four risk grades. To verify the accuracy and feasibility of optimal classification method, comparisons of the evaluation results derived from the aforementioned method and attribute synthetic evaluation system are made. Furthermore, evaluation of engineering practice is carried through with the Xiakou Tunnel as a case study, and the evaluation result is generally in good agreement with the field-observed result. This risk assessment methodology provides a powerful tool with which engineers can systematically evaluate the risk of water inrush in karst tunnels.