• 기본간호학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.64-72
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was performed to measure hospital nurses' perceived patient safety culture and their safety care activities, and to investigate the relationship between these two factors. Method: This study was a cross-sectional survey. The participants were 301 nurses working at 4 general hospitals, and data collection was done from June 22 to June 30, 2009 by self-administrated questionnaires. Results: With a possible score of 5 points, the average score for nurses' perceived patient safety culture was 3.34, and for their safety care activities, 4.25. There were perceived differences in patient safety culture and safety care activities according to age, position, length of work experience and number of patient safety education sessions attended. All sub-factors in patient safety culture had a positive relationship with safety care activities. Factors influencing nurses' safety care activities were number of patient safety education sessions attended, hospital environment, and supervisor/manager. These factors explained 58.2% of the variance. Conclusion: The findings indicate that patient safety education is very important to improve nurses' safety care activity. So nursing supervisors/ managers should develop strategies encourage patient safety education, and make nurses' working environment safer.

• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.46-54
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• 2013

Purpose: An objective of this study was to investigate nurses' perceptions toward patient safety culture and to examine the factors affecting safety care activities. Methods: The participants were 429 nurses, at 6 hospitals located in regions, which have 150 to 300 beds, and HSOPSC (AHRQ, 2009) and questionnaire on safety care activities were used as measurement tools. Descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one way ANOVA, and stepwise multiple regression with SPSS/WIN version12.0 were used to analyze the data. Results: Supervisor manager expectations and actions promoting patients safety and frequency of events reported were the highest as positive responses, whereas staffing and nonpunitive response to errors showed the lowest scores as positive responses. Scores of medication surveillance is the highest while firefighting surveillance is the lowest in terms of safety care activities. Significant predictors influencing safety care activities were frequency of events report, handoffs and transitions, work unit a patient safety grade, organizational learning-continuous improvement, and teamwork across units. These predictors account for 23% of the variance. Conclusion: These results suggest that hospital policies and systems should be built to settle patient safety culture effectively. Development of standard manuals for safety care activities is another critical element for promoting patient safety.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.121-128
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• 2016

2004년 시행된 철도구조개혁은 철도산업의 생산성에 대한 효율성을 높이기 위하여 철도운영과 철도시설관리를 이원화 하였다. 그러나 본래의 취지와는 달리 기존 시설물 유지관리에 관한 인력의 대부분이 운영기관에 귀속되어 있어 실질적인 유지관리 업무는 철도운영자에 의하여 수행되고 있다. 철도시설관리자의 역할은 철도운영자가 유지보수 업무에 따른 비용 산정에 관한 업무만 국가로부터 위탁을 받아 행정적인 처리만 수행하고 있다. 이러한 불완전한 구조개혁은 향후 철도환경변화에 따라 다수의 운영자가 존재할 경우 철도 시설관리에 대한 역할과 책임 구분이 불명확한 문제가 발생하여 철도 운행의 안전을 위협할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 동일 시설물을 다수의 철도운영자가 사용한다는 가정 하에 철도운행 안전 확보를 위하여 철도시설관리자가 철도시설물 유지보수 업무를 효율적으로 수행 할 수 있는 유지보수 업무 및 조직 설정 방안을 제시하였다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.496-501
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• 2019

Background: In this study, wage status and wage determinants of care workers were analyzed. Methods: The analysis used database (DB) of long-term care institutions, DB of long-term care institutions, DB of long-term care workers, DB of health insurance qualification, and contribution possessed by National Health Insurance Services. We analyzed the wage status of the care workers from 2009 to 2016 through basic analysis and estimated the factors affecting the wage of the long-term care facilities' care workers using pooled ordinary least squares. Results: The monthly average wage of care workers was raised from Korean won (KRW) 1.37 million in 2009 to KRW 1.52 million in 2016, and the working hours were shortened by 20 hours from 207 hours to 187 hours. Hourly wages increased by KRW 1,329 from KRW 6,831 in 2009 to KRW 8,160 in 2016. The average monthly wage of care workers was affected by gender, age, years of employment, monthly working hours, establishment type, city size, institutional size, the grade of the institution, and management status. In particular, the wage level of the care workers was high when the larger the size of the institution, the better the management status (fill rate), the establishment type is "government and local government" and "corporation," the institutional rating is high, and the facility manager has the first grade of the social worker license. Conclusion: The government should consider aggressive policies to improve the treatment of care workers as well as the quality of long-term care services so that there will be more long-term care facilities that are guaranteed social publicity above a certain level.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2015

The study conducted questionnaire analysis to 413 industrial safety field employees in order to examine the necessity and validity of industrial safety field's 17th neo-job classification based on National Competency standards(NCS). As a result, 50.1% of industrial safety management field and 43.3% of industrial health management field answered that classification details of occupational safety and health management field are classified by job(duty) performance. Industrial safety management field recognizes that management and engineering section play a significant role in their work, while industrial health management field recognizes worker's health care and work environment management and overall control of work environment assessment to be significant in their work. Furthermore, industrial safety management field recognizes that separating qualification and foundation of 'construction safety manager', 'chemicals(safety and health) manager', '(toxic)risk assessment evaluator or risk factor manager' to be highly significant. The study is meaningful in that it suggests industrial safety field's qualification items practical in industrial sites.

• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.163-170
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the influences of type D personality, burnout and work environment on nurses' intention to stay at the hospitals among nurses. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive design was used. Participants were 135 nurses working at general hospitals. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 23.0 program for descriptive statistics, independent t-test, ANOVA, $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ test, Pearson's correlation, and hierarchical multiple regression. Results: The score of nurses' intention to stay was 4.78. 39.3% of participants were classified as type D personality group. The scores of burnout and work environment were 2.92 and 2.39, respectively. Intention to stay was negatively correlated with burnout and positively correlated with nurse participation in hospital affairs, nursing foundations for quality of care, nurse manager ability, leadership, and support of nurses, staffing and resource adequacy. Burnout and manager ability, leadership, and support for nurses explained 46.0% of variance of nurses' intention to stay in the hospitals. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that nursing intervention programs for increasing intention to stay for nurses should include strategies for decreasing the burnout and increasing manager ability, leadership, and support for nurses.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.67-78
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• 2018

Purpose : A meta-analysis was conducted to identify the effectiveness of strategies designed to prevent the incidence and prevalence of pressure ulcers in intensive care units (ICUs). Method : The search strategy was designed to retrieve studies both published and unpublished between 2007 and 2017 including studies in English across PubMed and CINAHL, as well as in Korean across RISS, DBPia, NDSL, KISS, and NAL. All adult ICU participants were 18 years or over. Inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental and comparative studies. Two independent reviewers conducted quality assessments of the included studies by Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network. A Review Manager 5 was used to analyze effect sizes and to identify possible sources of heterogeneity among the studies. Results : The odds ratio (OR) effect sizes were all statistically significant. The OR of total effect size was 0.30(95% CI: 0.19, 0.47), care bundle was 0.37(95% CI: 0.24, 0.57), position change was 0.45(95% CI: 0.10, 2.08), and a silicone border foam dressing was 0.14 (95% CI: 0.07, 0.29). Conclusion : The preventive interventions for patients in the ICUs have positive impacts on reducing the incidence of pressure ulcers.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:시스템및이론
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.171-180
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• 2009

바이트 단위 임의 접근이라는 램 특성과, 비휘발성이라는 디스크의 특성을 동시에 제공하는 FeRAM, MRAM, PRAM등의 스토리지 클래스 램(Storage Class Random Access Memory, SCRAM)이 소형 임베디드 시스템을 중심으로 점차 그 활용범위를 넓혀가고 있다. 본 논문에서는 SCRAM을 주기억 장치 및 보조 기억 장치로서 동시에 사용할 수 있는 차세대 통합 소프트웨어 구조를 제안한다. 제안된 구조는 크게 스토리지 클래스 램 드라이버(SCRAM Driver)와 스토리지 클래스 램 관리자(SCRAM Manager)로 구성된다. SCRAM Driver는 SCRAM을 직접 관리하며, FAT이나 Ext2와 같은 전통적인 파일 시스템이나 버디 할당자와 같은 전통적인 메모리 관리자, 혹은 SCRAM Manager 등의 상위 소프트웨어 계층에 저수준 인터페이스를 제공한다. SCRAM Manager는 파일 객체와 메모리 객체를 통합하여 관리함으로써 이들 간에 부가적인 비용이 없는 변환을 가능케 한다. 제안된 기법은 FeRAM이 장착된 실제 시스템에서 실험되었으며, 실험 결과를 통해 SCRAM Driver가 효율적으로 전통적인 파일시스템과 메모리 관리자가 요구하는 기능을 제공할 수 있음을 보였다. 또한 기존의 파일 시스템과 메모리 관리자를 통해 각각 SCRAM을 접하는 경우보다 SCRAM Manager가 수십 배 빠른 성능을 보임을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 가정간호학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.63-73
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the factors related to the social support, family and friend support as well as home care nurse support, in family caregivers of patients with home care service. Method: The participants were 111 family caregivers of patient, who were receiving home care services from home health care centers of 3 different general hospitals located in Seoul. The data was collected, using self-administered questionnaires. Result: The level of family and friend support varied significantly according to patients' mental status, period of home care nursing, frequency of home care service, caregiver's education level, family income, and family functioning level. On the other hand, home care nurse support varied significantly according to patients' mental status, caregiver's age, existence of interchangeable family caregivers, and family functioning level. There was a significantly positive correlation between the social support the family caregivers' perceived and family function while there was a negative correlation between family and friend support and the period of home care service. Conclusion: Thus, the establishment of nursing interventional program, with understanding of their social support, is needed for both patients and their caregivers.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.211-222
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• 2017

Purpose: To develop staffing levels for nursing personnel (registered nurses and nursing assistants) to provide inpatients with integrated nursing care that includes, in addition to professional nursing care, personal care previously provided by patients' families or private caregivers. Methods: A time & motion study was conducted to observe nursing care activities and the time spent by nursing personnel, families, and private caregivers in 10 medical-surgical units. The Korean Patient Classification System-1 (KPCS-1) was used for the nurse manager survey conducted to measure staffing levels and patient needs for nursing care. Results: Current nurse to patient ratios from the time-motion study and the survey study were 1:10 and 1:11, respectively. Time spent in direct patient care by nursing personnel and family/private caregivers was 51 and 130 minutes per day, respectively. Direct nursing care hours correlated with KPCS-1 scores. Nursing personnel to patient ratio required to provide integrated inpatient care ranged from 1:3.9 to 1:6.1 in tertiary hospitals and from 1:4.4 to 1:6.0 in general hospitals. The functional nursing care delivery system had been implemented in 38.5% of the nursing units. Conclusion: Findings indicate that appropriate nurse staffing and efficient nursing care delivery systems are required to provide integrated inpatient nursing care.