• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.557-566
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• 2009

목 적 : 소아에서 나타나는 편두통은 어른과는 달리 구토, 복통, 어지럼증 등의 관련 증상이 두통 자체보다도 더 뚜렷하다는 특징이 있다. 주기성구토증후군(cyclic vomiting syndrome, CVS), 복부편두통(abdominal migraine, AM), 소아기 양성 돌발현훈(benign paroxysmal vertigo of childhood, BPVC)은 최근 새롭게 개편된 제2차 국제두통학회 두통분류에서 편두통의 전 단계 질환으로 나타나는 소아기주기성증후군으로 분류되었으나 현재까지 국내에서는 이 질환에 대한 보고는 아직 없는 상태이다. 이에 우리나라 실제 임상현장에서 관찰되는 소아기주기성증후군을 구성하는 세 가지 질환에 대하여 각각의 빈도와 그 임상 양상을 알아보고 외국의 연구들과 비교 분석하여 어떤 차이를 보이는지 살펴봄으로써 우리나라 소아청소년에서의 이 질환의 특징을 확인하기 위하여 본 연구를 실시하였다. 방 법 : 2006년 1월부터 2007년 12월까지 대한민국 도심에 위치한 주요 5개 병원의 소아신경과를 방문한 환자를 대상으로 실시한 연구로서 2차 개정된 국제두통학회의 두통분류 진단기준에 따라 갑작스런 구토, 복통, 어지럼증을 보이는 환자를 각각 CVS, AM, BPVC 세 개의 군으로 분류하여 그들 사이의 특성을 비교 분석하였다. 결 과 : 1) 대상 환자는 총 44명으로 CVS 20명, AM 8명, BPVC 16명이었고 남아 16명, 여아 28명으로 1:1.75의 남녀 비율을 보였으며(CVS 1:3, AM 1:1.7, BPVC 1:1), 외국의 보고와는 달리 본 연구에서는 여아가 많았다. 2) 증상이 시작된 연령은 CVS $6.3{\pm}3.6$세, AM $8.5{\pm}2.7$세, BPVC $8.5{\pm}2.9$세 이었으며 진단이 이루어진 연령은 각각 $8.0{\pm}3.4$세, $10.5{\pm}2.6$세, $10.1{\pm}3.2$세로 세 질환 모두 증상의 시작 연령 및 진단 연령이 외국에 비해 늦었다. 3) 대상환자 중 17명(38.6%)에서 반복성 두통 증상이 동반 되였으며[CVS 7명(35%), AM 4명(50%), BPVC 6명(37.5%)], 세 질환 중 AM에서 가장 많이 동반되었다. 4) 전형적인 편두통 증상은 11명(25%)에서 동반되었으며 세 질환 모두에서 비슷한 비율[CVS 5명(25%), AM 2명(25%), BPVC 4명(25%)]으로 나타났다. 5) 편두통의 가족력은 [CVS 4명, (20%), AM 2명(25%), BPVC 3명(18.8%)] 등 총 9명(20.4%)에서 확인할 수 있었으며 통계적으로 의미 있는 차이는 없었으나 AM에서 편두통의 가족력 동반이 가장 많았고, 이는. BPVC에서 가장 많은 편두통 가족력을 보이는 외국의 결과와는 다소 차이가 있었다. 결 론 : 우리나라의 경우 증상의 발현시기 및 진단시기가 모두 외국에 비해 다소 늦은데, 이는 우리나라에서 소아청소년을 치료하는 의료진들이 아직 이 질환을 잘 인지하지 못하고 있기 때문이 아닌지 추론해 볼 수 있다. 원인이 불분명한 반복적인 심한 구토, 복통, 어지럼증을 호소하는 소아에서는 반드시 소아기주기성증후군의 가능성을 의심해 보아야 하며 이것이 이 질환을 성공적으로 치료하게 되는 첫 단계가 될 것으로 사료된다. 향후 더 많은 기관이 참여하는 대규모 역학 조사와 종속연구(longitudinal study)를 통하여 이 질환의 빈도와 자연경과 등을 지속적으로 확인해 나가야겠다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.531-535
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• 2007

목 적 : 인도메타신 투여는 미숙아 동맥관개존의 치료로 약 80-90%에서 효과를 보이며 일부는 반복 투여나 수술적 치료를 필요로 한다. 본 연구는 인도메타신 치료 효과에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 요인들을 분석하여 치료 효과를 관찰함으로써 조기에 인도메타신 재 투여나 수술적 치료를 고려해야 할 경우를 예측하는데 도움이 되는 인자를 알아보고자 시행되었다. 방 법 : 2002년 9월부터 2006년 4월까지 경희 의료원과 노원 을지병원 신생아 중환자실에 입원한 미숙아 중 동맥관개존을 진단받고 일차적으로 인도메타신 주사를 투여 받은 환아 29명을 대상으로 하였다. 이중 1 cycle 투여로 치료된 경우를 단일 투여 군으로, 약물을 재 투여하였거나 재 투여 후 수술적 치료를 받은 경우를 재 투여 군으로 하였으며 인도메타신 치료 효과에 영향을 줄 수 있는 인자들에 관하여 후향적으로 비교, 조사하였다. 결 과 : 단일 투여 군은 전체 29명 중 19명(65.5%)였고 재 투여군 중 수술적 치료 없이 인도메타신의 재 투여로 치료된 환아는 29명 중 5명(17.2%), 재 투여 후 재발하여 수술 받은 환아는 29명 중 5명(17.2%)이였다. 재 투여 군에서는 동맥관개존의 크기가 유의하게 더 컸으며($3.66{\pm}0.8mm$ vs $2.55{\pm}0.8mm$, P<0.01), 또한 인도메타신의 첫 투여 시 평균 연령은 재 투여 군에서 통계적으로 유의하게 높았다(19.7일 vs 12.5일, P<0.05). 재태 연령과 출생 체중은 의미 있는 차이는 없었다. 그밖에 기관지 폐 이형성증, 괴사성 장염, 패혈증, 뇌실 내 출혈 등과 같은 예후에도 양군간의 의미 있는 차이가 없었다. 결 론 : 동맥관개존의 크기가 3.5 mm 이상인 경우, 인도메타신 투여시기가 생후 7일 이상으로 늦은 경우에 적극적인 인도메타신의 재 투여나 수술적 치료를 고려해야 할 것으로 생각되며 향후 보다 많은 환자 군을 대상으로 하는 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제52권11호
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• pp.1216-1220
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• 2009

목 적:미숙아의 장천공의 치료법으로 고전적으로 개복술이 추천되지만 활력징후가 불안정한 초극소 미숙아에서 복막배액술이 새로운 치료법으로 제안되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 미숙아에서 발생한 장천공에서 일차적 치료로 복막배액술을 시행한 증례들을 비교 분석하였다. 방 법: 2006년 4월부터 2009년 4월까지 최근 3년동안 연세대학교 강남세브란스 병원 신생아 중환자실에서 집중치료를 받던 28주 이하의 미숙아들 중에서 장천공이 발생한 7명을 대상으로 후향적으로 연구하였다. 천공된 미숙아들의 임상적 특성과 이차적 수술의 시행 여부, 질병 이환, 합병증과 사망률을 조사하였다. 결 과:대상 환아 7명의 제태 연령 중앙값은 26주 2일(24주 2일-28주 2일)이며 출생체중 중앙값은 921 g(640g-1,210g)이었다. 장천공은 평균 생후 15일(6일-33일)에 발생하였으며, 5명(71%)이 생존하였고, 3명(43%)이 이차적 개복술을 시행하였으며 개복술을 시행한 3명 중 2명이 조직 검사상 괴사성 장염이 확진되었다. 사망한 2명 중 1명은 2차 개복술을 복막배액술 시행 48시간 이내에 시행 받았으며, 다른 1명은 2차 수술적 처치를 시행받지 않고 사망하였다. 동반 질환으로 동맥관 개존증이 4명(57%)에서 발생하였고, 이중 indomethacin을 3명(43%)에서 투여하였으며, 6명(86%)에서 범발성 혈관내응고증 소견을 보였으며, 5명(71%)의 환아에서 장천공이 발생하기 전에 장관영양을 시행하였다. 생존한 환아 중 4명(80%)에서 담즙정체가 발생하였으며, 4명(40%)에서 뇌실주위 백질연화증, 3명(60%)에서 구루병이 발생하였다. 결 론:복막배액술은 미숙아의 장천공에 대한 초기치료법으로써 논란의 여지가 있지만, 생체징후가 불안정한 초극소 미숙아에서 일차적 치료로 고려해 볼 수 있으리라 생각된다. 향후 대규모 무작위 대조법에 의한 임상 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.653-667
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• 1995

Post - operative wound infections have been a serious problem in nursing care in the operating room and appear to be strongly related to the infection occurring during the performance of operation. The purpose of this study is to identify patterns in duration of surgical hand scrub (SHS), to evaluate the method of SHS and to examine the rate of glove perforation. Subjects for this study include 244 doctors and 169 nurses working in the operative theatre of a hospital in Seoul area. Test samples and related data were collected from this medical facility between April 1, through 15, and July 1, through 5, 1995 by the author and a staff member working in the operating room. For the study, data on the SHS of doctors and nurses were obtained at the time of operation and multiple batches of surgical gloves worn by the operating doctors were collected after each operation. The duration of SHS was measured with a stop watch and the method of SHS was evaluated according to Scoring Hand Scrub Criteria (SHS Criteria) and expressed as SHS scores. For the analysis of the data, t-test was used to compare the differences in the duration and the SHS scores of doctors and nurses, and Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to examine the relationship between the SHS duration and the SHS scores. The results of the study are summarized as follows. 1) The mean time spent in each SHS was 167 seconds in nurses, and 127 seconds in doctors. The data comparing nurses and doctors indicated that there were significant differences in Our ation of SH S between these two groups (t=5.58, p=.000). 2) The mean time spent in the first SHS was 145 seconds and that in the End SHS, 135 seconds, and there was not a significant difference in the duration of the SHS between doctors and nurses (t=1.44, P=.156). 3) The mean time spent in the SHS by OS (Orthopaedic surgery) doctors was 162 seconds, 150 seconds by NS(Neurologic surgery), 121 seconds by GS(General surgery), 94 seconds by OPH(Opthalmology) and DS(Dental surgery), 82 seconds by URO(Urology), 78 seconds by PS(Plastic surgery) and 40 seconds by ENT(Ear, Nose & Throat) These also showed a significant difference in the duration of the SHS among the medical specialities (t=4.8, P=.0001). 4) The average SHS score of the nurses was 15.2, while that of doctors was 13.1. The statistical analysis showed that t-value was 3.66, p was. 000. This indicates that the nurses actually clean their hands more thoroughly than the doctors do. 5) The average SHS score of NS doctors was 15.5, 15.3 for doctors for OPH,14.3 for OS,12.7 for GS, 12.0 for DS, 11.7 for URO, 10.1 for PS, 7.5 for ENT. Comparison of the average SHS scores from 8 specialties showed that there was a significant differences in the patterns of the SHS (F=5.08, P=.000) among medical specialties. 6) It appears that the operating personnel scrub the palms and dorsum of their hand relatively well, however, less thorough the nails and fingers. 7) The more the operating personnel spend their time in hand scrubbing, the more correctly they clean their hands(r=.6427, P<.001). 8) The overall frequencies of perforation in all post-operative gloves tested was 38 out of 389 gloves (10.3%). The perforation rate for PS was 13%, 12.1% for GS,8.8% for 05, and 3.3% for NS.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.372-389
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• 1995

The frequency with which administration of chemotherapy for gynecological cancer treatment is used has increased along with the use of surgery and radiotherapy Among the various side effects of chemotherapy, stomatitis causes a problem of function and sensation in the oral cavity. This oral discomfort can be categorized into two components ; perceived oral symptoms and observed oral symptoms. If the oral problem continues, it may cause infection, bleeding and nutritional deficiencies. As a result of this condition, compliance with the treatment process can be affected as well as the prognosis for the cancer patients. But as the oral discorrfort usually appears after chemotherapy, it is often not reported to the health care personnel as a patient problem. Without problem identification of the oral discomfort and ability to assess the problem, effective intervention cannot be planned. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the pattern and the degree of oral discomfort due to cancer chemotherapy and thus to provide data for identification of the patient problem and for nursing assessment. The design of this study was a longitudinal de-scriptive study The subjects were in - patients who received chemotherapy under the diagnosis of gynecological cancer between Mar. 15, 1994 and May 15, 1994 at a general hospital in Seoul, Korea. The number of subjects was 64 and they were divided into two groups, one of 41 (A : 5FU & Neoplatin), the other of 23(B : Neoplatin, Cytoxan, Adriamycin), according to the treatment regimen. The data were collected for 24 days using self-re-port instruments. The instruments were the 「Perceived Oral Symptom Assessment Tool」 and 「Observed Oral Symptom Assessment Tool」 developed by this researcher. Data were analyzed using the SPSS-PC program, ANOVA, t-test, paired t-test and the Pearson Correlation Coefficient were applied. The results of this study are as follows : 1. In A regimen the peak time for perceived oral symptom scores was the fifth day after chemotherapy, and the tenth day for observed oral symptom scores. Both of the problems started on first day of chemotherapy and were not resolved completely until the 24th day after treatment. 2. In B regimen, the peak time for perceived oral symptom scores was on the seventh day after chemotherapy, and the eighth day for observed oral symptom scores. It was noted that perceived oral symptom scores were higher than observed oral symptom scores consistently for 24 days. Both also started on first day of chemotherapy, and were not resolved completely until the 24th day after chemotherapy. 3. There were no differences statistically in perceived oral symptom scores between A and B regimen. The loss of appetite and xerostomia caused the most severe discomfort in both of these two groups. 4. The were no differences statistically in observed oral symptom scores between the A and B regi moil. In the A regimen, the highest observed symptom scores were the lips, gingiva, tongue and buccal membrane in that order. But in the B regimen, the highest observed symptom scores were tongue, lips, buccal membrane and gingiva in that order. 5. In A regimen, the patients who had gingival edema and dentures had significantly higher perceived oral symptom scores. And those who had gingival edema and bleeding, foul odor and aphthous stomatitis had significantly higher observed oral symptom scores. 6. In B regimen, the patients who had the experience of stomatitis in the last course of chemotherapy had significantly higher perceived oral symptom scores. Those who had gingival edema had significantly higher observed oral symptom scores. 7. In the A regimen there was no correlation between lab values for lymphocytes and albumin with perceived oral symptom scores and observed oral symptom scores. In the B regimen, there was a significant negative correlation between lymphocytes and albumin with the observed oral symptom scores, but not between perceived oral symptom scores and lymphocytes and albumin values. In conclusion, the nurse should expect that the patient undergoing chemotherapy will complain severely about subjective discomfort and before objective physical change is observed. Also the patients who have chronic oral problems such as dentures, gingival edema and bleeding, foul odor, aphthous stomatitis will complain of severe oral discomfort due to chemotherapy.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.287-294
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• 2009

본 연구는 치위생과 치면세마실습에 자발적으로 참여한 일반인을 대상으로 구강건강수준과 구강건강관리행위 및 구강보건지식의 관계를 알아보고자 구강검사와 설문조사를 하였으며, 회수된 266부를 SPSSWIN 12.0 통계프로그램을 이용하여 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 성별에 따른 구강건강수준은 우식경험영구치지수(DMFT index) 남자 10.4, 여자 13.0, 여자에서 높은 결과를 보였으며 통계적으로도 유의한 차이를 보였다. 우식영구치율 (DT rate)은 남자 32.0. 여자 30.0, 상실영구치율(MT rate)은 남자 32.2, 여자 26.6으로 남자가 높게 나타났으며 통계적으로도 유의한 차이를 보였다. (P<0.05). 2. 연령에 따른 구강건강수준을 보면, 우식경험영구치지수 (DMFT index)는 60대 이상 21.0으로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 연령이 높을수록 우식경험영구치지수가 높은 것으로 조사되었으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 우식영구치율 (DT rate)은 40대 35.2%로 가장 높게 나타났고, 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지는 않았다. 상실영구치율 (MT rate)은 60대 42.8%, 30대 42.6%로 높게 나타났고, 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 처치영구치율(FT rate)은 60대 42.8%, 30대 42.6%로 높게 나타났고, 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 3. 성별에 따른 구강보건지식은 우식성 식품에서 전체의 77.8%가 응답하여 가장 높은 응답을 보였으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 불소에 관한 질문은 남자 72.4%, 여자 84.7%로 여자가 남자보다 높은 것으로 나타났고 통제적으로도 유의한 차이를 보였다(P<0.05). 잇솔질 방법은 남자 61.3%, 여자 78.8%로 여자에서 높은 응답을 보였으며 통계적으로도 유의한 차이를 보였다(P<0.05). 4. 연령에 따른 구강보건지식은 우식성 식품에서 20대 81.3%.로 가장 높게 나타났고, 통계적으로도 유의한 차이를 보였다(P<0.05). 5. 정기적인 구강검진여부에 따른 구강보건지식은 정기적인 구강검진을 하는 경우에서 불소에 관한 질문은 전체의 84.8%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 잇솔질 방법은 정기적인 구강검진을 한다(80.3%)가 안 한다(62.5%) 보다 높은 응답을 보였고, 우식성 식품은 정기적인 구강검진을 한다(68.2%)가 안 한다(81.0%)보다 낮게 나타냈으며 통계적으로도 유의한 차이를 보였다(P<0.05). 6. 치석제거여부에 대한 구강보건지식은 정기적인 치과 방문시기에서 치석제거 한다 50.5%, 안 한다 32.1%로 지석제거 한다에서 더 높은 응답을 보였으며 통계적으로도 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.05) 잇솔질시기는 치석제거 한다 77.2%, 안 한다 65.5% 로 한다에서 더 높은 응답을 보였으며 통계적으로도 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 우식성 식품은 치석제거한다 71.3%, 안 한다 81.8%로 안 한다에서 더 높은 응답을 보였으며 통계적으로도 유의한 차이를 보였다 (p<0.05). 불소에 관한 질문은 치석제거 한다84.2%, 안 한다 71.5%로 한다에서 더 높은 응답을 보였으며 통계적으로도 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 이와 같이 구강건강수준과 구강건강관리행위가 구강보건지식에 영향이 있음을 알 수 있으므로 차후 보다 많은 연구를 통하여 치위생과 치면세마실습 과정에서 효율적이고 체계적인 구강보건교육이 진행될 수 있도록 하며, 또한 자발적으로 치면세마실습에 참여한 환자에게는 개별 맞춤형의 구강보건교육을 통해 구강건강을 증진시키는 행위에 대한 동기부여를 강화하고 지속적인 구강건강관리가 유지되도록 하여야 할 것이다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.442-448
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• 2016

본 연구는 구강보건교육에 대한 경험, 계속구강건강관리 프로그램 필요성과 참여 의향을 알아보기 위해 2016년 6월 1일부터 8월 3일까지 대전광역시에서 거주하며 치과에서 1회 이상 진료를 받은 경험이 있는 만 19세 이상 성인 중 303명을 편의추출하여 설문조사하였다. 그 결과, 3회 이상 이를 닦는 대상자는 72.6%였으며 구강보조용품을 사용하는 대상자는 55.8%였고 칫솔질 시간이 2분 이상인 대상자는 55.8%였다. 치면착색제 경험은 1일 칫솔질 횟수에 영향을 미쳤으며 치면착색제 경험, 칫솔질 교육, 구강보조용품 사용 교육, 치주질환 예방 교육은 구강보조용품 사용과 1회 칫솔질 시간에 영향을 미쳤다. 계속구강건강관리 프로그램이 필요하다고 생각하는 대상자는 93.1%였으며 계속구강건강관리 프로그램 참여의향은 68.0%였다. 계속구강건강관리 프로그램 1회 참여비용은 1만원 이상 2만원 미만이 70.3%로 가장 많았으며 관리주기는 6개월이 42.6%로 가장 많았다. 계속구강건강관리 프로그램 요구도는 구강세균검사 74.3%, 칫솔질 교육 71.6%, 구취검사 69.3%, 구강보조용품 교육 46.9%, 치면세균막검사 42.9%, 타액검사 37.6% 순이었다. 계속구강건강관리 프로그램 필요성 인지에 영향을 미치는 요인은 고졸 이하에 비해 대졸 이상 4.514배, 구강보조용품을 사용하지 않은 군에 비해 사용하는 군이 2.878배, 칫솔질 시간이 2분 미만군에 비해 2분 이상군이 3.138배 필요성 인지가 높았다. 계속구강건강관리 프로그램 참여 의향에 영향을 미치는 요인은 치주질환 예방 교육 경험이 없는 군에 비해 예방교육 경험이 있는 군이 1.915배 높았으며 구강보조용품 사용을 하지 않는 군에 비해 사용하는 군이 2.065배 높았다. 따라서, 치과에 내원하는 환자에게 지속적으로 구강보건교육을 하는 것이 계속구강건강관리 프로그램에 참여율을 높일 수 있다고 생각되었다. 또한, 구강세균검사나 구취검사 등이 성인 계속구강건강관리 프로그램에 포함되는 것이 추천되며 계속구강건강관리 프로그램이 본인이 부담할 수 있는 적정 비용 수준으로 보험 급여화될 수 있도록 제안해야 한다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.64-76
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• 1970

This report will present a clinical and statistical analysis of 210 case of Ectopic pregnancies who were treated at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Chung Nam Medical Center from January, 1966 to March, 1970. The results obtained are as follows; 1. The total number of Ectopic pregnancies was 8.22%. 2. The occurrence of Ectopic pregnancy was high in June(13.81%), low in October(2.98%). There was a higher occurrence of Ectopic pregnancy in the summer than in the winter. 3. The average age of all patients was 33.25 years. The most frequent age for this type of pregnancy was 31-35 years (32.86%) . The youngest patient was 18 years old and the oldest was 50. 4. Multipara occurred in 82.38% of the cases; Mulipara in 17. 62% and the occurrence of primipara was especially high, 20.95%. 5. 48.09% of the women had previously experienced normal deliveries; 42.8% had received artificial abortions and 5.23% had experienced spontaneous abortions. 3.8% had a previous history of Ectopic pregnancy. It was found that the occurrence of Ectopic pregnancy was more frequent in those women who had a D & C in the Past. 6. The average length of infertility was 21.7 months. The shortest length was 60 days; longest period of infertility was 19 years. 7. The occurrence of Ectopic pregnancy is higher (29.27%) in patient who have experienced only one previous D & C. The total number of patients who received a D & C was 58.57%. 3. Ectopic symptoms appeared during the first 4.7 weeks (mean) and most frequently occurred between the 5th and 6th weeks (48.57%) of pregnancy. The Symptoms were: -99.04% complained of lower abdominal pains. -80.95% experienced abnormal uttering bleeding. -42.38% experienced bleeding before the occurrence of pain. -18.57% experienced pain before the occurrence of bleeding. -8.57% experienced both pain and bleeding. -7.62% experienced only bleeding. -22.86% experienced only pain. 9. In-77.62% of the cases the annexal mass palpated. 91.42% complained of abdominal tenderness. 42.38% complained of pain when the cervix was examined. 10. Culdocentesis was performed in 86.19% of the cases. In 92.82% of the cases the presence of an Ectopic pregnancy was accurately diagnosed 11. 71.90% of the Ectopic pregnancies occurred in the ampule portion of the ovarian tube, of the total number of gestations, 40.95% were tubal abortions and 59.05% were ruptured. The ruptured group occurred more frequently in the islamic portion and interstitial portion of the tube than the aborted group. The aborted group occurred more frequently in the fimbrial extremities of the tube. 12. The blood pressure (systolic) was noted at 119-80mmHg in 81.89% of the total cases. Hemoglobin value was noted at over 8gm/㎗ in 58.57% of the cases. The average blood transfusion was 2.3 pints. 13. In 52.86% of the Ectopic pregnancies the right side of the ovarian tube was affected. The left side of the tube was affected in 47.14% of the cases. 14. 3.33% of the patients were not given an accurate diagnosis. 15. The kinds of operation performed were as follows; Salpingectomy, 41.43%; Adnectomy, 38.57% and Adnectomy with total hysterectomy, 19.05%. 16. The patient mortality rate was significantly small; only 1 case out of 210 died. This patient most likely had a profuse hemorrhage because of a ruptured tube before her admission to the hospital. 17. The patients personal feelings and attitudes must be treated with care. Particularly patients who are concerned about vaginal bleeding or the impossibility of another pregnancy.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.63-79
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• 1974

1. The purpose of this study. The purpose of this study is to plan and investigate short-term nursing education of two-years associate degree program to produce middle-level professional nurses which are needed by-society and nation. Current nursing education in Korea is divided into four years degree program, three years diploma program Even (though) there are differences in the aims of their education, the curriculums are not much different between the education for producing leaders which is its basic purpose and training middle-level professional nurses. Therefore the purpose of associate degree program lies in minimizing the waste of time and finance which are invested for long-term education for middle-level professional nurses. And also this coincide with the policy of national technical training and definite supply of nurse manpower according to health policy for effective role and ability of nurse. 2. The method of study. This is based on the study of literature, research on the actual condition and investigation of opinion- through questionnaire. L) The study of literature: Domestic and foreign literatures for two years associate degree program were studied and investigated. 2) Research on the actual condition : Current three years nursing education program was collected and analysed. 3) Investigation of opinion. The problem of curried nursing education system and the possibility of two years associate degree program were investigated through questionnaire. 3. The result of the study. 1) The trend of recent nursing education. a. The aims of nursing in past chiefly taking care of physical disease of patient has recently changed to nursing of character including physical, mental, socio-economic, educational and psychological condition. b. For the performing systematic and effective nurse's duty according to her role, the-change of educational system which is classified as a range of education the period of education and certificate after graduation has been enforced or fulfilled. c. Nursing education also has a trend to become a collage or two years associate degree program which can get same legal protection as other educational institutions whose basic purpose is education. Attached nursing school to hospital is getting disappeared because of disadvantage of educational system. 2) Problems. Depending upon research on actual condition of current 3 years nursing education program. a. There are too many subjects. b. Contents of education could be doubled because major subjects are subdivided in detail. c. The credits for graduation are too heavy comparing to the period of study or the ability of students. (The necessary credits are 150.8 for three years according to actual investigation 4. There is no certain standard in organizing curriculum therefore there are too much differences between schools. 4. Basic Plan. The plan for two years associate degree program in nursing education depending on demand of professional nursing field of society is based on following items. 1) Training middle-level professional nurse lay emphasis on liberal arts and basic major field. 2) Liberal arts are divided into required and optional subjects and students could take courses by choice. 3) Major subjects are compound together by fields and they become the sciences of nursing Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ and every items has its educational purposes and contents major study includes laboratory practice and clinical experience. 4) The required credits for graduation are to which means 17-18 credits a semester. The above has been planned to solve the problems of current three years nursing education program. In conclusion for the achievement of this system, following items are needed. 1) It is necessary to change educational administration and system such as amendment of educational law or order of educational application of law. 2) Qualified professors should be available to understand and develope the idea or purpose of this educational system. 3) Local medical institutions should be opened widely and educational for clinical training. 4) The job after graduation should he secured positively.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.53-69
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• 1999

A descriptive correlation study was done to provide a basic data for comprehensive nursing care by analyzing the relationship between spiritual wellbeing, hope and perceived health status of the elderly. 195 respondents who lived at their homes and 148 respondents who lived at the facilities for elders such as nursing homes and elder's rehabilitation centers were selected and their age was over 60 years old. Paloutzian and Ellison(1982)'s spiritual wellbeing scale, Nowotny(1989)'s hope scale and Northern Illinois University's health self rating scale was used. From August 10th to August 25th, 1998, ready made questionnaires were handed out by researcher to those who can fill it out and for those who cannot fill out the questionnaires alone, the researcher read it and finished by interview. This study used Pearson's correlation coefficient for the hypothetic test and the average point and standard deviation of spiritual wellbeing, hope, and perceived health status were checked. To find out the difference between spiritual wellbeing, hope, and perceived health status by general characteristics ANOVA and Tukey test were used. The results are as follows : 1. The mean score for spiritual wellbeing of the elders was 42.27($SD{\pm}9.67$) in a possible range of 20-80. The average point of spiritual wellbeing was 2.11($SD{\pm}0.97$) point to 4 point full marks. The mean score of religious wellbeing was 21.37($SD{\pm}7.02$) and that of existential wellbeing was 20.90($SD{\pm}4.63$) in a possible range of 10 - 40. The average point of religious wellbeing was 2.14($SD{\pm}0.70$)points and existential wellbeing was 2.09($SD{\pm}0.46$) points to 4 point full marks. 2. The mean score for hope was 67.16($SD{\pm}12.28$) in a possible range of 29-116. The average point of hope was 2.31($SD{\pm}0.42$) points to 4 point full marks. 3. The mean score for perceived health status was 8.72($SD{\pm}2.49$) in a possible range of 4-14. 4. In testing the hypothesis concerning the relationship between spiritual wellbeing and hope, there was a statistically positive correlation(r=0.5209, p=0.0001). 5. In testing the hypothesis concerning the relationship between spiritual wellbeing and perceived health status, there was a statistically positive correlation(r=0.1427, p=0.0081). 6. In testing the hypothesis concerning the relationship between hope and perceived health status, there was a statistically positive correlation(r=0.2797, p=0.0001). 7. There were significant differences in spiritual wellbeing according to sex, religion, and present occupation. 8. There were significant differences in hope according to residential places, age, religion, educational level, family status, average monthly pocket money. 9. There were significant differences in perceived health status according to residential places, sex, age, educational level, present occupation and family status. From the above results it can be concluded that: There was a positive correlation between spiritual wellbeing and hope, spiritual wellbeing and perceived health status, hope and perceived health status. When the nurse implicate the nursing intervention which can be promote the spiritual wellbeing and hope, elder's perceived health status also can be improved.