• Title/Summary/Keyword: Cardiac markers

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Report for Development of Korean Portable Cardiopulmonary Bypass II. Experimental Study of Portable Cardiopulmonary Bypass for Emergency Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation after Cardiac Arrest in Normal Dogs (한국형 이동식 심폐소생기 개발 보고 II. 응급소생술을 위한 이동식 심폐소생기의 동물 실험 연구)

  • Kim, Hyoung-Mook;Lee, In-Sung;Baek, Man-Jong;Sun, Kyung;Kim, Kwang-Taik;Lee, Hye-Won;Lee, Kyu-Back;Chang, Jun-Kuen;Kim, Chong-Won;Kim, Hark-Jei
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • v.31 no.12
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    • pp.1147-1158
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    • 1998
  • Background: Portable cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB) technique has been used increasingly as a potent and effective option for emergency cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR) because it can maintain more stable hemodynamics and provide better survival than conventional CPR techniques. This study was designed to develop a prototype of Korean portable CPB system and, by applying it to CPR, to discriminate whether it would be superior to standard open-chest CPR. Material and Method: By using adult mongrel dogs, open-chest CPR(OCPR group, n=4) and portable-CPB CPR(CPB group, n=4) were compared with respects to restoration of spontaneous circulation(ROSC), hemodynamics, effects on blood cells, blood gas patterns, biochemical markers, and survivals. Ventricular fibrillation-cardiac arrest(VF-CA) of arrest(VF-CA) of 4 minutes followed by basic life support(BLS) of 15 minutes was applied in either group, which was standardized by the protocol of American Heart Association. Then, advanced life support(ALS) was applied to either group under the support of internal cardiac massage or CPB. ALS was maintained until ROSC was achieved but not longer than 30 minutes regardless of the presence of ROSC. All of the measured values were expressed as means±SD percent change from baseline. Result: During the early ALS, higher mean arterial pressure was maintained in CPB group than in OCPR group(90±19 vs. 71±32 %; p<.05) and lower mean pulmonary arterial pressure was also maintained in CPB group than in OCPR group(105±24 vs. 146±6%; p<.05). ROSC was achieved in all dogs. Post-ROSC levels of hematocrit, RBC, and platelet were decreased and plasma free hemoglobin was increased significantly in CPB group compared to OCPR group(p<.05). Changes in blood gas patterns, lactate, and CK-MB levels were not different between groups. Early mortality was seen in 3 dogs in OCPR group(survival time 31±36 hours) and 2 in CPB group(228±153 hours, p=ns). The remainders in both groups showed prolonged survival. Conclusion: These findings indicate that portable CPB can be effective to maintain stable hemodynamics during cardiac arrest, to achieve ROSC and to prolong survival. Further study is needed to refine the portable CPB system and to meet clinical challenges.

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Parthenogenetic Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells have Similar Characteristics to In Vitro Fertilization mES Cells (체외수정 유래 생쥐 배아줄기세포와 유사한 특성을 보유한 단위발생 유래 생쥐 배아줄기세포)

  • Park, Se-Pill;Kim, Eun-Young;Lee, Keum-Si;Lee, Young-Jae;Shin, Hyun-Ah;Min, Hyun-Jung;Lee, Hoon-Taek;Chung, Kil-Saeng;Lim, Jin-Ho
    • Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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    • v.29 no.2
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    • pp.129-138
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    • 2002
  • Objective: This study was to compare the characteristics between parthenogenetic mES (P-mES) cells and in vitro fertilization mES cells. Materials and Methods: Mouse oocytes were recovered from superovulated 4 wks hybrid F1 (C57BL/6xCBA/N) female mice. For parthenogenetic activation, oocytes were treated with 7% ethanol for 5 min and $5{\mu}g$/ml cytochalasin-B for 4 h. For IVF, oocytes were inseminated with epididymal sperm of hybrid F1 male mice ($1{times}10^6/ml$). IVF and parthenogenetic embryos were cultured in M16 medium for 4 days. Cell number count of blastocysts in those two groups was taken by differential labelling using propidium iodide (red) and bisbenzimide (blue). To establish ES cells, b1astocysts in IVF and parthenogenetic groups were treated by immunosurgery and recovered inner cell mass (ICM) cells were cultured in LIF added ES culture medium. To identify ES cells, the surface markers alkaline phosphatase, SSEA-1, 3,4 and Oct4 staining were examined in rep1ated ICM colonies. Chromosome numbers in P-mES and mES were checked. Also, in vitro differentiation potential of P-mES and mES was examined. Results: Although the cleavage rate (${\geq}$2-cell) was not different between IVF (76.3%) and parthenogenetic group (67.0%), in vitro development rate was significantly low in parthenogenetic group (24.0%) than IVF group (68.4%) (p<0.05). Cell number count of ICM and total cell in parthenogenetic b1astocysts ($9.6{\pm}3.1,\;35.1{\pm}5.2$) were signficantly lower than those of IVF blastocysts ($19.5{\pm}4.7,\;63.2{\pm}13.0$) (p<0.05). Through the serial treatment procedure such as immunosurgery, plating of ICM and colony formation, two ICM colonies in IVF group (mES, 10.0%) and three ICM colonies (P-mES, 42.9%) in parthenogenetic group were able to culture for extended duration (25 and 20 passages, respectively). Using surface markers, alkaline phosphatase, SSEA-l and Oct4 in P-mES and mES colony were positively stained. The number of chromosome was normal in ES colony from two groups. Also, in vitro neural and cardiac cell differentiation derived from mES or P-mES cells was confirmed. Conclusion: This study suggested that P-mES cells can be successfully established and that those cell lines have similar characteristics to mES cells.

Correlation of Glasgow Prognostic Score or Procalcitonin to Clinical Variables in Patients with Pretreatment Lung Cancer

  • Kim, Young;Seok, Ji-Yoon;Hyun, Kyung-Yae;Lee, Gil-Hyun;Choi, Seok-Cheol
    • Biomedical Science Letters
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.9-17
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    • 2016
  • Unfortunately, the five-year survival rate of lung cancer is relatively low compared with other cancers. Therefore, better predictors are need for prognosis, therapeutic strategy, risk stratification and predicting long-term mortality of lung cancer. Recently, increasing data suggest that Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) and procalcitonin levels are useful predictor cancer prognosis. In this study, we retrospectively investigated the correlation of GPS or procalcitonin to clinical variables in patients with pretreatment lung cancer. In 135 patients with pretreatment lung cancer, GPS, procalcitonin, demographic characteristics, hematological, coagulation, biochemical, inflammatory and cardiac markers were measured. Monocyte, eosinophil, basophil, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, red cell distribution width (RDW), platelet to lymphocyte ratio, mean platelet volume to platecrit ratio, D-dimer and prothrombin time (PT) levels were higher, whereas mean platelet volume was lower than their normal ranges. Glucose and sodium levels were low, whereas gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), total bilirubin, creatinine and inorganic phosphorus concentrations were increase compared their normal ranges. Procalcitonin, high sensitivity C-reactive protein and troponin-I concentrations were elevated compared with their normal ranges. GPS had significantly positive or negative relations to cancer stage, hematological, coagulation, biochemical, inflammatory and troponin-I. Based on the data, we suggest that GPS may be a potent and useful predictor for prognosis, therapeutic strategy, risk stratification and predicting long-term mortality of lung cancer.

The relationship between the sasangchaejil and the results of laboratory examinations (사상체질과 임상검사 결과와의 상관관계)

  • Lee, Yong-Koo;Sul, In-Chan
    • Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.383-397
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    • 2000
  • Background/Aims: Dong-Moo Lee Jae-Ma(1837-1900) confirmed the sasangchaejil theory based on the sasang-medicine. This theory has been the main-stem of oriental medicine during 100 years in Korea. But rarely anyone has tried to prove this theory systemicaly. So we have a trial to clarify any relationship between the sasangchaejil and the laboratory and clinical results of mass screening tests. Methods: We evaluated the laboratory values of 280 people who had taken many clinical and laboratory tests. The laboratory examinations were complete blood count, liver and kidney function test, ultrasonogram of the abdomen and breasts, gastrofiberscope, many tumor markers body mass index, blood pressure, glucose, and electrocardiogram, etc. Results: 1) Among the 280 subjects, 187/66.8% were sowumin, 58/20.7% were taewumin and 35/12.5% were soyangin. 2) Those who reacted positive to HBsAb were 22 subjects(62.8%) in soyangin, 57.2% in sowumin and 55.1% in raewumin. But there were no significant correlations. 3) 45 subjects(72.4%) in taewumin had obesity, fatty liver and hyperlipidemia.(P<0.05) 4) 20.6% in taewumin had abnormal LFT suggesting hepatic disease. It was statistically sigificant.(P<0.05) 5) An anemic state was present in women of soyangin and sowumin mostly. Since an iron deficiency anemia is common in women, there were no significant corelations among sasangchaejil. Also urinary tract infectons were common in women. 6) 6 subjects in taewumin(10.3%) had cardiac problems, while only one case(2.8%) occured in soyangin and 7 cases(3.7%) in sowumin. Taewumin was significantly high.(P<0.05) 7) In the case of gastric disease, there was no distinguishable difference among sasangchaejil.(taewumin 37.9%, soyangin 31.4% and sowumin 35.2% rrespectively) 8) There was no significant difference beteen subjects with different blood types using sasangchaejil. Conclusions: There were some significant relationship between sasangchaejil and diseases prevalent to them by the theory of sasang-medicine. But Lee didn't considered the differences of gender, the change of body status according to the development of culture, and circumstances of their lives. Also he didn't consider the existence of infectious agents. Now more systemic study with larger populations are requied.

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Development and evaluation of next-generation cardiotoxicity assay based on embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes

  • Ryu, Bokyeong;Choi, Seong Woo;Lee, Seul-Gi;Jeong, Young-Hoon;Kim, Ukjin;Kim, Jin;Jung, Cho-Rok;Chung, Hyung-Min;Park, Jae-Hak;Kim, C-Yoon
    • BMB Reports
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    • v.53 no.8
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    • pp.437-441
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    • 2020
  • In accordance with requirements of the ICH S7B safety pharmacology guidelines, numerous next-generation cardiotoxicity studies using human stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (CMs) are being conducted globally. Although several stem cell-derived CMs are being developed for commercialization, there is insufficient research to verify if these CMs can replace animal experiments. In this study, in vitro high-efficiency CMs derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESC-CMs) were compared with Sprague-Dawley rats as in vivo experimental animals, and primary cultured in vitro rat-CMs for cardiotoxicity tests. In vivo rats were administrated with two consecutive injections of 100 mg/kg isoproterenol, 15 mg/kg doxorubicin, or 100 mg/kg nifedipine, while in vitro rat-CMs and hESC-CMs were treated with 5 μM isoproterenol, 5 μM doxorubicin, and 50 μM nifedipine. We have verified the equivalence of hESC-CMs assessments over various molecular biological markers, morphological analysis. Also, we have identified the advantages of hESC-CMs, which can distinguish between species variability, over electrophysiological analysis of ion channels against cardiac damage. Our findings demonstrate the possibility and advantage of high-efficiency hESC-CMs as next-generation cardiotoxicity assessment.

Role of Magnetocardiography in Emergency Room (응급실에서 심자도의 역할)

  • Kwon, H.;Kim, K.;Kim, J.M.;Lee, Y.H.;Kim, T.E.;Lim, H.K.;Park, Y.K.;Ko, Y.G.;Chung, N.
    • Progress in Superconductivity
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.40-45
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    • 2006
  • In emergency rooms, patients with acute chest pain should be diagnosed as quickly as possible with higher diagnostic accuracy for an appropriate therapy to the patients with acute coronary syndrome or for avoiding unnecessary hospital admissions. At present, electrocardiography(ECG) and biochemical markers are generally used to detect myocardial infarction and coronary angiography is used as a gold standard to reveal the degree of narrowing of coronary artery. Magnetocardiography(MCG) has been proposed as a novel and non-invasive diagnostic tool fur the detection of cardiac electrical abnormality associated with myocardial ischemia. In this study, we examined whether the MCG can be used fur the detection of coronary artery disease(CAD) in patients, who were admitted to the emergency room with acute chest pain. MCG was recorded from 36 patients admitted to the emergency room with suspected acute coronary syndrome. The MCG recordings were obtained using a 64-channel SQUID MCG system in a magnetically shielded room. In result, presence of CAD could be found with a sensitivity of 88.2 % in patients with acute chest pain without 57 elevation in ECG, demonstrating a possible use in the emergency room to screen CAD patients.

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Effect of Ketogenic Diet on the Nitric Oxide of Pilocarpine-induced Status Epilepticus (Pilocarpine으로 유발된 간질중첩증에서 케톤생성 식이요법에 의한 Nitric Oxide의 변화)

  • Kim, Tae-Woo;Kim, Jae-Moon;Park, Hee-Dong;Jung, Ki-Young;Kim, Dong-Wook
    • Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.171-176
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    • 2003
  • Backgrounds and Objectives: Despite of enormous clinical and laboratory researches focused on the useful markers in status epilepticus(SE), clinically applicable methods are not yet available. Although ketogenic diet (KD) is an old method of treating epilepsies, its outstanding antiepileptic effect in some epileptic patients needs re-evaluation of this methods. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of KD on the change of nitric oxide(NO) during the SE. Methods: After the determination of critical EEG stages in the pilocarpine-induced SE model, serum NO levels were measured with Griess reaction. Open cardiac puncture was done immediately after the four different EEG stages of SE in the KD rats and regular diet (RD) rats. Cessation of SE was done with the 10~20 mg/Kg of diazepam i.p. injection in each stages of SE in KD and RD rats. Results: Pilocarpine-induced SE showed reliable EEG and behavioral patterns in all rats. Also, KD did not affect the SE induced by pilocarpine in terms of the SE induction time and SE severity. Serum NO was consistently higher in KD rats than RD rats in all SE stages. Conclusions: KD significantly increases NO during the pilocarpine-induced SE. These finding might contribute the neuroprotective effect of KD in the SE.

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Ursolic acid in health and disease

  • Seo, Dae Yun;Lee, Sung Ryul;Heo, Jun-Won;No, Mi-Hyun;Rhee, Byoung Doo;Ko, Kyung Soo;Kwak, Hyo-Bum;Han, Jin
    • The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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    • v.22 no.3
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    • pp.235-248
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    • 2018
  • Ursolic acid (UA) is a natural triterpene compound found in various fruits and vegetables. There is a growing interest in UA because of its beneficial effects, which include anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-carcinogenic effects. It exerts these effects in various tissues and organs: by suppressing nuclear factor-kappa B signaling in cancer cells, improving insulin signaling in adipose tissues, reducing the expression of markers of cardiac damage in the heart, decreasing inflammation and increasing the level of anti-oxidants in the brain, reducing apoptotic signaling and the level of oxidants in the liver, and reducing atrophy and increasing the expression levels of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase and irisin in skeletal muscles. Moreover, UA can be used as an alternative medicine for the treatment and prevention of cancer, obesity/diabetes, cardiovascular disease, brain disease, liver disease, and muscle wasting (sarcopenia). In this review, we have summarized recent data on the beneficial effects and possible uses of UA in health and disease managements.

Clinical Relevance of Cystatin C as a Renal Marker in Dogs with Chronic Mitral Valve Insufficiency

  • Eom, Na-Young;Choi, Eul-Soo;Song, Joong-Hyun;Lee, Hee-Chun;Jung, Dong-In
    • Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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    • v.33 no.2
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    • pp.81-86
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    • 2016
  • Cystatin C is a low molecular weight 13 kilodalton protein. It is known to be a more sensitive marker of glomerular filtration rate than creatinine in humans. The purpose of the present study was to demonstrate the changes of renal markers including cystatin C according to the severity of chronic mitral valve insufficiency (CMVI) and to investigate the clinical relevance of cystatin C as an early renal marker in dogs with CMVI. A retrospective study was performed to assess renal function according to International Small Animal Cardiac Health Council (ISACHC) system classification of heart failure in dogs with CMVI. Thirty seven dogs were divided into a group 1 (healthy dogs ; n = 10), a group 2 (ISACHC I ; n = 10) and a group 3 (ISACHC II-III ; n = 17). In all dogs, serum concentrations of bun (sUr), creatinine (sCr) and cystatin C (sCys-C) were measured with an automated analyzer. In dogs with CMVI, sCys-C concentrations were significantly correlated with sCr concentrations and were independent of age, BW, SBP, and sex. Renal dysfunction tended to occur more frequently as the severity of CMVI increases. In dogs with mild CMVI, only sCys-C concentrations were statistically higher than in healthy dogs. This study demonstrates the clinical relevance of sCys-C. sCys-C may be a valuable renal marker for early diagnosis of renal dysfunction in dogs with CMVI.

Alteration of Coagulation and Fibrinolysis System According to Right Ventricular Dysfunction in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (만성폐쇄성폐질환에서 우심실 기능 부전에 따른 혈액응고 및 섬유소용해계 변화)

  • Kim, Young;Jang, Yoon Soo;Kim, Hyung Jung;Kim, Se Kyu;Chang, Joon;Ahn, Chul Min;Kim, Sung Kyu;Kwak, Jin Young;Choi, Jin Hwa
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.60 no.6
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    • pp.625-630
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    • 2006
  • Background: Pulmonary hypertension in COPD patients is the result of a direct effect of tobacco smoke on the intrapulmonary vessels with the abnormal production of the mediators that control vasoconstriction, vasodilatation, and vascular cell proliferation, which ultimately lead to aberrant vascular remodeling and physiology. COPD patients are prone to the developmint of an acute and chronic thromboembolism with an elevation of the plasma procoagulant and fibrinolytic markers However, the roles of the coagulation and fibrinolysis system on the right ventricular dysfunction in COPD patients are not well defined. We examined the alteration of the coagulation and fibrinolysis system in COPD patients according to the right ventricular function measured using cardiac multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). Methods: The right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) was measured using cardiac MDCT in 26 patients who were diagnosed with COPD according to the definition of the GOLD guideline. The plasma level of thrombin antithrombin (TAT) and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 were measured using an enzyme linked immunoassay. Results: The plasma TAT was markedly elevated in COPD patients ($10.5{\pm}19.8{\mu}g/L$) compared with those of the control ($3.4{\pm}2.5{\mu}g/L$) (p<0.01). However, the plasma PAI-1 in COPD patients ($29.6{\pm}20.7ng/mL$) was similar to that in the controls. The plasma TAT showed a significant inverse relationship with the RVEF measured by the cardiac MDCT in COPD patients (r=-0.645, p<0.01). However, the plasma PAI-1 did not show a relationship with the RVEF (r=0.022, p=0.92). Conclusion: These results suggest that the coagulation system in COPD patients is markedly activated, and that the plasma level of TAT might be a marker of a right ventricular dysfunction in COPD patients.