• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.182-193
• /
• 2011

The aim of this paper is to present the methodology for hand tracking and hand gesture recognition. The detected hand and gesture can be used to implement the non-contact mouse. We had developed a MP3 player using this technology controlling the computer instead of mouse. In this algorithm, we first do a pre-processing to every frame which including lighting compensation and background filtration to reducing the adverse impact on correctness of hand tracking and hand gesture recognition. Secondly, YCbCr skin-color likelihood algorithm is used to detecting the hand area. Then, we used Continuously Adaptive Mean Shift (CAMSHIFT) algorithm to tracking hand. As the formula-based region of interest is square, the hand is closer to rectangular. We have improved the formula of the search window to get a much suitable search window for hand. And then, Support Vector Machines (SVM) algorithm is used for hand gesture recognition. For training the system, we collected 1500 hand gesture pictures of 5 hand gestures. Finally we have performed extensive experiment on a Windows XP system to evaluate the efficiency of the proposed scheme. The hand tracking correct rate is 96% and the hand gestures average correct rate is 95%.

• 대한토목학회논문집
• /
• 제29권3D호
• /
• pp.363-371
• /
• 2009

자동차 창유리 틴팅암도 규제를 위한 도로교통법 개정이 상당기간 논란이 되고 있다. 이는 과도한 선팅이 안전에 위협을 준다는 가설에 기초한다. 그러나 일부 운전자들은 여전히 이를 불필요한 규제로 보는 시각도 상존한다. 한편, 틴팅차량(Window tinting)이 교통류에 미치는 영향을 직접적으로 자료를 취득하여 분석한 구체적인 실험연구는 전무하다. 본 연구는 시각을 달리하여 과도한 선팅차량이 후미차량에 영향을 끼쳐 용량저해 요인으로 작용할 수도 있다는 가설을 세우고 이를 분석하기 위한 자료수집 방법을 구상하고 실현하여 취득한 현장자료로 가설이 참임을 입증하기 위한 개연성을 확인하는 기초연구를 수행하였다. 틴팅차량 후미를 주행하는 차량의 미시적 운행자료를 정밀하게 측정하는 방안으로 본 연구는 RTK GPS 수신장치를 활용한 방법을 구상하였다. 미시적(Microscopic) 분석을 위해서 차량추종(Car-following) 상태인 세 차량의 상대적 측위 및 속도를 매 0.1초 마다 측정해내는 것을 목표로 설정하였다. 측정된 자료를 이용하여 통행속도, 차두시간(Time headway), 차두거리(Distance headway) 및 가속소음(Acceleration noise)을 분석하였다. 제한적인 현장실험이었으나 분석을 통해 선행차량의 틴팅 수준이 높아질수록 교통류의 불안정성이 높아지는 경향을 실측자료로 확인할 수 있었다. 제시된 RTK GPS 수신장치를 통한 현장자료 수집방법을 활용하여 다양한 도로교통 및 운전자를 고려한 확대연구는 향후 연구로 남긴다.

• 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
• /
• 제49권6호
• /
• pp.299-306
• /
• 2000

The primary cause of air pollution by vehicles is imperfect combustion of fuel. One of the most usual causes of this imperfect combustion is the misfire in IC(Intenal Combustion) engine. Recently it is obligated for an ECU to monitor the emission level and warn the driver in case of exceeding specified emission standards. Therefore, in order to comply with this OBD-II regulations, car makers are investing a considerable amount into technology which would enable the detection of misfire and the particular cylinder in which misfire is taking place. So far, it has been able to detect misfire using engine speed, which can be obtained crank angle. However, such a method posed a problem in analyzing at high speed and in recognizing the misfire from the load impact at bumpy road. In this paper, misfire detection is made possible by simple arithmetic using WDFT, especially at high engine speed. In addition, the moving window method of a Walsh function is applied to determine the cylinders under misfire in case of multiple misfires. An actual experiment was conducted to prove that WDFT is applicable to effective in computation speed and to same result in misfire detection and cylinder determination at idle, part load and bumpy road conditions.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
• /
• 제6권5호
• /
• pp.128-138
• /
• 2005

기업 인수/합병의 성과에 대한 평가는 인수/합병 발표일 전후 단기간에 걸쳐 실현되는 경제적인 이익을 측정하는 방법과 인수/합병 종료 후의 장기 경영성과를 평가하는 방법으로 대별된다. 본 연구에서는 최근 국내외에서 급증하고 있는 건설분야 인수/합병 중 선정된 샘플을 대상으로 위에서 기술된 전자의 방법을 중심으로 전반적인 성공여부를 분석/평가하였다. 또한 인수/합병이 기업전략의 이행이라는 관점에서 사업다각화 방향에 따른 성과를 비교/분석하였다. 분석결과에 의하면 국내외 건설분야 인수/합병의 단기성과는 다소간의 경제적 이익을 실현한 것으로 평가되었으나 통계분석의 관점에서 성공적이라는 결론을 내리기 어려운 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 사업다각화 방향에 따른 성과의 비교에서는 유사부문 및 타 부문으로의 사업다각화 사이에 뚜렷한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
• /
• 제31권12호
• /
• pp.1161-1170
• /
• 2014

Delta sash is an important part of automobile door, which has the functions of supporting and guiding seesaw of car's window, preventing dust and air from outside. In previous manufacturing process, each part of the delta sash was independently formed by tandem processes, and rubber is bonded to steel by poisonous glue. So, the previous processes, including roll forming process and toxic gases, had low production rate and high failure rate. In this study, progressive process design of the delta sash was proposed in order to increase productivity and high utilization of the materials. And instead of the poisonous glue used for adhesion of rubber in the previous tandem process, embossing and piercing processes were designed in the new guide to help the rubber to adhere well to steel. And the optimal piercing distance was designed to ensure structural safety, and prototypes were manufactured for verifying reliability of the processes.

• 한국인쇄학회지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.49-59
• /
• 2006

In this paper, a transparent film exposed the effect of heat cut-off, reveal as means of the prevention to wrong operation of parts of display and forgery of the credit card, also it will intercept rising of the temperature in interior of a room and car by diminish the influx of near-infrared ray wavelength of solar energy come from the window. As in the past a film which absorb a wavelength of $800{\sim}2500nm$ in near-infrared ray, manufactured in physical vapor deposition(PVD), chemical vapor deposition(CVD) to using ATO, ITO of inorganic materials or sputtering method. but it has lots of problem in manufacture. On the other hand, recently a paper said it easily form a transparent film to using organic dye. This paper show synthesis of many derivatives used in Ni-complex and then it investigate to optical property and durability of flim by make the transparent film.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
• /
• 제21권11호
• /
• pp.1008-1016
• /
• 2015

This paper proposes a method for detecting the front side of vehicles. The method can find the car side with a license plate even with complicated and cluttered backgrounds. A convolutional neural network (CNN) is used to solve the detection problem as a unified framework combining feature detection, classification, searching, and localization estimation and improve the reliability of the system with simplicity of usage. The proposed CNN structure avoids sliding window search to find the locations of vehicles and reduces the computing time to achieve real-time processing. Multiple responses of the network for vehicle position are further processed by a weighted clustering and probabilistic threshold decision method. Experiments using real images in parking lots show the reliability of the method.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제8권12호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2021

The study examines the influence of COVID-19 on the stock market returns of Saudi Arabia. The data was analyzed through event study methodology using daily price data of Tadawul All Share Index (TASI). The study examines the behavior pattern of the Saudi Arabian stock market in different phases during the event period by selecting six-event windows with a range of 10 days. The results report a negative Abnormal Return (AR) of -0.003 on the event date, while the abnormal returns reversed the next day to 0.005 positively. The result of Cumulative Abnormal Return (CAR) is negative and significant at the 1 percent level in all the six-event windows starting from the event date to day 59 after the event for the TASI index. Even though the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic decreased after 30 days of the event date, it increased during the last ten days of the event window. The stock market volatility of Saudi Arabia increased during the post-event period compared to the pre-event period with a negative mean return of -0.326 and a greater standard deviation. In a conclusion, the study found a significant influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the stock market returns of TASI.

• 자동차안전학회지
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.26-38
• /
• 2022

This paper proposes multiple RLS and actuator performance index-based adaptive actuator fault-tolerant control and detection algorithms for longitudinal autonomous driving. The proposed algorithm computes the desired acceleration using feedback law for longitudinal autonomous driving. When actuator fault or performance degradation exists, it is designed that the desired acceleration is adjusted with the calculated feedback gains based on multiple RLS and gradient descent method for fault-tolerant control. In order to define the performance index, the error between the desired and actual accelerations is used. The window-based weighted error standard deviation is computed with the design parameters. Fault level decision algorithm that can represent three fault levels such as normal, warning, emergency levels is proposed in this study. Performance evaluation under various driving scenarios with actuator fault was conducted based on co-simulation of Matlab/Simulink and commercial software (CarMaker).

• 재무관리연구
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.51-84
• /
• 2008

자기주식매입 공시 후 1년 이내에 유상증자를 실시한 표본을 이용하여 자기주식의 유상증자에 대한 신호효과를 검증하였다. 자기주식직접매입은 유상증자의 신주발행가격을 부양시키는 반면, 자기주식펀드 및 신탁은 신주발행가격을 끌어올리는 역할을 하지 못함을 발견했다. 또한 자기주식매입이 유상증자 시 신주발행가격을 올리기 위한 거짓신호로 사용된 가능성을 검증하기 위해서 표본집단들과 대응집단의 장기성과를 비교하였다. 자기주식매입이 선행된 표본들은 유상증자에 비해 장기저성과정도가 심하지 않았으며, 자기주식 펀드 및 신탁이 선행된 유상증자기업의 장기성과 또한 대응집단과 유의하게 다르지 않다는 실증결과를 발견하였다. 따라서 자기주식매입이 신주발행가격의 시세조정을 위해 불공정하게 사용되고 있다는 기존의 주장에 대한 증거를 발견하지 못하였다.