• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.706-711
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• 2010

한국산 작약(Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) 뿌리를 사용하여 작약추출물(PLE)을 조제 후, 변패미생물에 대한 작약추출물의 항균력을 측정하였다. Paper disk 확산법에 의한 농도별 항균력 검사에서는 작약추출물이 농도에 비례하는 항균력을 나타내었다. 생육저해곡선의 측정에서는 50 ${\mu}g$/mL이상에서 미생물의 생육이 완전히 억제되는 것을 확인하였다. 열($100^{\circ}C$에서 45분처리) 및 pH(3~11)의 넓은 범위에도 항균력을 보여, 열 및 pH에 대한 작약추출물에 포함된 항균력의 우수한 안정성을 확인할 수 있었다. 전자현미경(SAM, TEM)에 의한 미생물생태변화의 관찰에서도 작약추출물의 항균물질이 세포벽 또는 세포막의 삼투기능을 상실시켜 미생물의 생리가 중단되고 억제되는 것을 확인하였다. 그리고 ${\beta}$-galactosidase의 효소활성측정결과 작약추출물은 미생물의 세포막 기능파괴를 심하게 초래하는 것으로 예상할 수 있었다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.314-322
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• 2004

동백나무의 잎과 꽃의 식용자원화를 위한 일환으로서 동백의 부위별 성분분석, DPPH radical 소거능에 의한 항산화활성, 및 항미생물 활성을 조사하였다. 수분 함량은 꽃과 어린 잎 부위에서 70% 이상의 함유율을 보였고, 조단백질의 함량은 꽃을 제외한 나머지 부위에서 3%이상이었으며, 지방 함량은 씨부위에서 23.08%로 많이 함유되어 있었다. 회분의 함량은 수피 부위에서 2.97%와 탄수화물의 함량은 에서 높게 나타났다. 항산화활성은 어린잎(RC$_{50}$=30.37$\mu\textrm{g}$/mL), 꽃봉오리 (RC$_{50}$=52.97$\mu\textrm{g}$/mL)와 꽃(RC$_{50}$=59.48 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL)이 높은 활성을 보였으며 합성 항산화제인 BHT의 RC$_{50}$ 값이 584.04$\mu\textrm{g}$/mL의 활성 보다 높은 항산화 활성을 가지고 있음을 확인하였다. 동백을 각 부위별로 추출하여 병원성균과 식중독균, 식품과 관련이 있는 세균 및 효모 등 4균주에 대하여 항미생물 활성을 검토한 결과, 동백의 수피 부위가 P. vulgaris와 B. subtilis에 대한 높은 항균성을 나타내었으며, 특히, 어린잎은 C. albicans와 T. beigelii 모두에 대하여 매우 강한 활성을 나타내었다.을 나타내었다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.153-157
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• 2015

본 연구에서 비쭈기 나무의 잎 부분에 대한 다양한 생리활성을 조사하여 기능성소재 응용가능성을 검토하였다. 비쭈기 나무 잎 추출물은 멜라노마 세포에 대하여 낮은 세포독성을 나타냈다. 비쭈기 나무 추출물 처리 시 항산화(IC₅₀, 22.90 ㎎/L) 및 항균활성이 매우 우수하게 나타났으며 특히 그람양성세균에 대한 항균활성이 높았다. 또한, 비쭈기 나무 추출물 처리시 tyrosinase 활성저해 및 멜라닌 함량 저하(IC₅₀, 101.90 ㎎/L)를 보여주었다. 이와 같은 결과로 미루어 볼 때 비쭈기 나무 추출물은 피부미백 소재 등 피부개선 효과를 비롯한 기능성 화장품에 활용하기 위한 매우 효과적인 재료가 될 수 있다고 판단된다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.255-269
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• 2022

Actinomycetes isolated from marine habitats represent a promising source of bioactive substances. Here, we report on the isolation, identification, productivity enhancement and application of the bioactive compounds of Streptomyces qinglanensis H4. Eighteen marine actinomycetes were isolated and tested for resistance to seven bacterial diseases. Using 16S rRNA sequencing analysis (GenBank accession number MW563772), the most powerful isolate was identified as S. qinglanensis. Although the strain produced active compound(s) against a number of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, it failed to inhibit pathogenic fungi. The obtained inhibition zones were 22.0 ± 1.5, 20.0 ± 1, 16.0 ± 1, 12.0 ± 1, 22.0 ± 1 and 24.0 ± 1 mm against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Escherichia coli ATCC 19404, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027, Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC6538, respectively. To maximize bioactive compound synthesis, the Plackett-Burman design was used. The productivity increased up to 0.93-fold, when S. qinglanensis was grown in optimized medium composed of: (g/l) starch 30; KNO₃ 0.5; K₂HPO₄ 0.25; MgSO₄ 0.25; FeSO₄·7H₂O, 0.01; sea water concentration (%) 100; pH 8.0, and an incubation period of 9 days. Moreover, the anticancer activity of S. qinglanensis was tested against two different cell lines: HepG2 and CACO. The inhibition activities were 42.96 and 57.14%, respectively. Our findings suggest that the marine S. qinglanensis strain, which grows well on tailored medium, might be a source of bioactive substances for healthcare companies.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.989-1002
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• 2022

Cephalopods, in particular octopus (Octopus vulgaris), have the ability to alter their appearance or body pattern by showing a wide range of camouflage by virtue of their chromatophores, which contain nanostructured granules of ommochrome pigments. Recently, the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of ommochromes have become of great interest; therefore, in this study, the pH-dependent redox effect of the extraction solvent on the antioxidant potential and the structural characterization of the pigments were evaluated. Cell viability was determined by the microdilution method in broth by turbidity, MTT, resazurin, as well as fluorescence microscopy kit assays. A Live/Dead Double Staining Kit and an ROS Kit were used to elucidate the possible inhibitory mechanisms of ommochromes against bacterial and fungal strains. The results obtained revealed that the redox state alters the color changes of the ommochromes and is dependent on the pH in the extraction solvent. Natural phenoxazinone (ommochromes) is moderately toxic to the pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella Typhimurium and Candida albicans, while the species Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas fluorescens, and the filamentous fungi Aspergillus parasiticus, Alternaria spp. and Fusarium verticillioides, were tolerant to these pigments. UV/visible spectral scanning and Fourier- transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) suggest the presence of reduced ommatin in methanol/ HCl extract with high intrinsic fluorescence.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제54권6호
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• pp.927-937
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• 2021

This study was performed to screen the antimicrobial activities of the extract from the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas against skin pathogens and to purify the relevant antibacterial peptide. The acidified extract showed potent antibacterial activities against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria but showed no activity against Candida albicans and no significant cell toxicity. Among acne-causing pathogens, the acidified extract showed potent antibacterial activity only against Staphylococcus aureus, and its antibacterial activity was completely abolished by treatment with trypsin or chymotrypsin, and was inhibited by salt treatment. The acidified extract showed strong DNA-binding ability but did not show bacterial membrane permeabilizing ability. Based on antimicrobial activity screening and cytotoxic effects, a novel antibacterial peptide was purified from the acidified gill extract using solid-phase extraction, cation-exchange, and reversed-phase HPLC. The resulting peptide had a molecular weight of 4800.8 Da and showed partial sequence homology with the carbonic anhydrase 4 (CA4) protein in the hard-shelled mussel. Overall, we purified a novel antibacterial peptide, named cgCAFLP, which is related to carbonic anhydrase 4 (CA4) protein, against skin pathogens. Our results suggest that the Pacific oyster extract could be used as an additive to control some acne-related skin pathogens (S. aureus).

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.45-51
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• 2013

Objectives : This study was conducted to measure the antioxidative and antimicrobial activities of water- and ethanol-extracts from Betula platyphylla var. japonica, Punica granatum and Rhus javanica against various species of anaerobic bacteria. Methods : In order to evaluate the antioxidative and antimicrobial activities of water- and ethanol-extracts, DPPH radical scavenging and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activities were measured in various species such as Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Propionibacterium acnes that induce skin inflammation. Also the total amount of phenol in each water- and ethanol-extract was measured to identify its role in the antioxidative and antimicrobial activities of water- and ethanol-extracts from Betula platyphylla var. japonica, Punica granatum and Rhus javanica. The antibacterial activity of the extracts was measured by confirming the lowest concentrations in disk diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) tests. Results : It was observed that RJE (Rhus javanica-EtOH extracts) show the highest content of total phenol. In addition, for RJE the total phenol content was higher from samples taken from domestic sources than from samples taken from foreign sources. DPPH radical scavenging activity was increased by treatment with PGE (Punica granatum-EtOH extracts), RJE and RJW (Rhus javanica-water extracts). It was observed that SOD-like activity was highest in the treatment with PGE. All of the extracts showed antimicrobial activity on S. epidermidis, S. aureus, P. acnes and E. coli, including those from Punica granatum, and it was noted that the activity was higher with RJE than with RJW. Conclusions : These results provide evidence that ethanol extracts of Punica granatum and Rhus javanica may have a beneficial role as antioxidants and antibiotics. Extracts from domestic samples of Betula platyphylla var japonica appeared to have a greater efficacy than extracts from foreign samples.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.474-483
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• 2023

Members of the genus Streptomyces produce more than 70% of antibiotics. The rise in antibiotic resistance globally enhanced the search for novel species with the ability to produce new bioactive compounds. This study was initiated to investigate different regions in Jordan for previously uncultured and rare Streptomyces species capable of producing novel antimicrobial compounds especially active against bacteria resistant to antibiotics. A total of 191 Streptomyces strains were isolated from 26 soil samples collected from different geographic regions in Jordan. Isolates were characterized based on colony and cellular morphology as well as using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. These isolates were screened for their ability to produce antibiotics by the perpendicular-cross streak method, and then tested by well diffusion method against tested pathogens. Fifty-four isolates showed potential to produce antimicrobial products especially active against resistant bacteria, 20.1% of the isolates showed inhibitory effect against Staphylococcus aureus, 16.9% against clinical MSSA strains, and 18.0% against MRSA: whereas only 4.2% against Esherichia coli, 3.2% against Klebsiella pneumonia, 2.7% against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and 10.0% against clinical Candida albicans. Three isolates were selected for further identification due to their antibacterial activity against S. aureus, MRSA, and MSSA. These isolates were identified as follows; Streptomyces aburaviensis DSa3, Streptomyces alboniger SAb7 and Streptomyces misionensis ZAb2, based on cultural, biochemical characteristics and molecular analysis of the 16S rRNA.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.216-226
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• 2024

This study screened the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities of three extracts [1% acetic acid (HAc), distilled water (D.W.), and ethanol] from the common stalked barnacle Pollicipes mitella. Among the extracts, the 1% HAc extract showed the strongest antibacterial activity against several bacteria, but exhibited no activity against Candida albicans. To improve the degree of separation of the 1% HAc extract, solid-phase extraction was performed using a C18 cartridge with three solvents (D.W., 60A, and 100A). The 1% HAc 60A eluate showed the strongest antibacterial activity and enzyme, salt, and temperature stability, with no hemolytic activity. In addition, strong DNA-binding ability but no bacterial membrane permeability was observed. These results indicate that the P. mitella 1% HAc 60A eluate may contain antibacterial organic compounds that target intracellular components but not bacterial membranes. In addition, the 1% HAc 60A eluate exhibited potent inhibitory activity to reduce the production of inflammatory mediators (nitric oxide and prostaglandin E₂) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β) with no cytotoxicity. Therefore, the P. mitella 1% HAc 60A eluate has anti-inflammatory activity. Collectively, our results suggest that the P. mitella 1% HAc 60A eluate can be used as a bioactive source with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제43권9호
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• pp.1380-1387
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 발효 한약재를 사용하여 한방구강세척제를 개발하고자 후박, 감초, 천궁, 박하 및 정향을 상황버섯균사체로 고체발효 하였다. 후박, 감초 천궁은 수분을 30% 첨가한 조건에서 고체발효에 성공하였으며, 박하는 30% 수분과 현미가루 10%를 영양성분으로 제공하였을 때 고체발효가 진행되었다. 그러나 정향은 진균류에 대한 항균활성이 강하여 상황버섯균사체를 이용한 고체발효에 성공하지 못하였다. 고체발효 한약재 에탄올 추출물의 총 페놀 함량 및 DPPH 소거능은 발효 후 유의적으로 상승하였으며 항균효과 역시 상승하였다. 구강질환 균인 Staphylococcus epidermis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Candida albicans 또는 Streptococcus mutans에 대해 후박, 감초 및 천궁이 항균활성을 보였으며, 항균활성은 고체발효에 의해 약 100배 정도 증가하였다. 한방구강세척제 조성비를 확립하기 위하여 발효한 후박, 감초 및 천궁의 에탄올 추출물을 5:3:2로 혼합하였을 때 가장 높은 항균활성을 나타내었다. 이들 발효 한약재 에탄올 추출물 혼합액 0.075%를 유효성분으로 하고 박하와 정향 열수 추출물(100:15, v/v) 83.64%를 베이스로 하는 한방구강세척제 조성을 관능검사에 의거 결정하고 시제품을 제조하였다. 본 연구에서 개발한 발효 한방구강세척제와 시판하고 있는 한방구강세척제에 대한 소비자 선호도 조사(n=30)를 실시하였을 때 본 연구에서 개발한 제품이 종합적인 평가 점수에서 유의적으로 높았으며 구강세척제 사용 후 지속 효과를 구취 측정계로 측정하여 시간을 산출하였을 때 유의적인 차이는 없었으나 발효 한방구강세척제의 지속 효과가 다소 길었다.