• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.667-676
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• 1995

군산 연안 조간대에 있어서 1993년 6월에서 1994년 5원까지 조사한 동죽(M. veneriformis)의 침강과 가입 및 성장, 생산량에 대하여 조사하였다. 동죽의 부유유생의 높은 밀도는 1993년 6월 19일에서 7월 3일에 관찰되었으며, 침강된 치패의 크기는 250um에서 350um였고, 평균밀도는 약 $601\;inds\cdot\;m^{-3}$이었다. 유생의 침강에 의한 가입은 주로 1993년 6월 중순에서 7월 중순에 이루어 졌으며, 유생의 침강시 저질에 따른 선택성은 없었다 그러나 침강한 치패는 환경(저질, 노출시간, 성패의 밀도)에 의하여 사망율이 결정되었다. 평균 각장에 의하여 추정한 동죽의 성장은 가입 초기에 있어서 과소평가 되었으며, 성장기는 11월 중순까지이고, 겨울철에는 정지하였다. 0세군의 연간생산은 2,900 g\cdot\;m^{-2}\;\cdot\;yr^{-1}$으로 나타났으며, 회전율은 약 4.94 (Crisp, 1984)와 4.91 (Ricker, 1978)로 추정 되었다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제41권
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• pp.34.1-34.5
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• 2019

Background: To systematically review the literature for methods to localize the genial tubercle as a means for performing an advancement of the genioglossus muscle. Methods: PubMed, Google Scholar, CRISP, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Scopus were searched from inception through June 16, 2015. Results: One hundred fifty-two articles were screened, and the full text versions of 12 articles were reviewed in their entirety and 7 publications reporting their methodology for localizing the genial tubercle. Based upon these measurements and the results published from radiographic imaging and cadaveric dissections of all the papers included in this study, we identified the genial tubercle as being positioned within the mandible at a point 10 mm from the incisor apex and 10 mm from the lower mandibular border. Conclusion: Based upon the results of this review, the genial tubercles were positioned within the mandible at a point 10 mm from the incisor apex and 10 mm from the lower mandible border. It may serve as an additional reference for localizing the genial tubercle and the attachment of the genioglossus muscle to the mandible, although the preoperative radiological evaluation and the palpation of the GT are recommended to accurately isolate.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제3권5호
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• pp.1160-1169
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• 1996

본 연구에서는 색인어 퍼지 관계행렬을 이용한 정보검색 방법을 제안하고 간단한 문헌정보 검색시스템을 사용하여 실험을 수행하고 그 결과를 분석하였다. 불리안 연산 자인 AND, OR, NOT으로 색인어들을 조합한 질의식을 통해 실험을 수행한 결과 일반 집합이론에 의한 검색실험에서보다 상당히 우수한 성능을 보였다. 특히 재현율과 정확 률을 측정한 성능평가 결과는 퍼지 문헌검색 시스템이 가능한 검색 대안이라는 사실을 확인 하였다고 할 수 있다. 한편, 검색의 기법 측면에서 고려하였을 때 본 실험은 먼저, 색인어 관계행렬에 따라서 검색결과에 서열을 부여하였고, 기준적합도값의 변동에 따라 검색결과가 유동적으로 대응하도록 하였으며, 관계값을 의미적 거리로 파악함으 로써 검색과정과 검색 시맨틱스를 일치시키고자 새롭게 시도하였다.

• 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.8-17
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• 2002

This paper suggests that the immune algorithm can effectively be used in tuning of a PID controller. The artificial immune network always has a new parallel decentralized processing mechanism for various situations, since antibodies communicate to each other among different species of antibodies/B-cells through the stimulation and suppression chains among antibodies that form a large-scaled network. In addition to that, the structure of the network is not fixed, but varies continuously. That is, the artificial immune network flexibly self-organizes according to dynamic changes of external environment (meta-dynamics function). However, up to the present time, models based on the conventional crisp approach have been used to describe dynamic model relationship between antibody and antigen. Therefore, there are some problems with a less flexible result to the external behavior. On the other hand, a number of tuning technologies have been considered for the tuning of a PID controller. As a less common method, the fuzzy and neural network or its combined techniques are applied. However, in the case of the latter, yet, it is not applied in the practical field, in the former, a higher experience and technology is required during tuning procedure. In addition to that, tuning performance cannot be guaranteed with regards to a plant with non-linear characteristics or many kinds of disturbances. Along with these, this paper used immune algorithm in order that a PID controller can be more adaptable controlled against the external condition, including moise or disturbance of plant. Parameters P, I, D encoded in antibody randomly are allocated during selection processes to obtain an optimal gain required for plant. The result of study shows the artificial immune can effectively be used to tune, since it can more fit modes or parameters of the PID controller than that of the conventional tuning methods.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.70-81
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• 1998

본 논문은 저비용이면서 정확한 비퍼지화 연산을 수행하는 새로운 COA(Center of Area) 비퍼지화기를 제안한다. 제안한 COA 비퍼지화기의 정확성은 비퍼지화 연산시 소속값뿐 아니라 소속 함수의 폭을 고려함으로서 얻어진다. 제안한 COA 비퍼지화기의 저비용성은 비퍼지화 연산시 요구되는 나눗셈 연산을 좌.우측 모멘트의 균형점을 찾는 것으로 대신함으로서 얻어진다. 제안한 COA 비퍼지화기는 승산기가 부가적으로 필요하고 모멘트의 균형점을 찾는데 많은 시간이 걸리는 단점이 있다. 첫번째 단점은 승산기를 확률적 AND 연사으로 대치함으로서 극복되고, 두번째 단점은 모멘트의 균형점을 빠르게 탐색하는 coarse-to-fine 탐색 알고리즘에 의해 해결된다. VHDL 시뮬레이션을 통해 제안한 COA 비퍼지화기를 트럭 후진 주차 문제에 적용한 결과 기존의 COA 비퍼지화기보다 향상된 평균 주행 거리 특성을 보임을 확인하였다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.138-149
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• 2016

Quality function deployment (QFD) is a widely adopted customer-oriented product development methodology by translating customer requirements (CRs) into technical attributes (TAs), and subsequently into parts characteristics, process plans, and manufacturing operations. A main activity in QFD planning process is the determination of the target levels of TAs of a product so as to achieve a high level of customer satisfaction using the data or information included in the houses of quality (HoQ). Gathering the information or data for a HoQ may involve various inputs in the form of linguistic data which are inherently vague, or human perception, judgement and evaluation for the information and data. This research focuses on how to deal with this kind of impreciseness in QFD optimization. In this paper, it is assumed as more realistic situation that the values of TAs are taken as discrete, which means each TA has a few alternatives, as well as the customer satisfaction level acquired by each alternative of TAs and related cost are determined based on subjective or imprecise information and/or data. To handle these imprecise information and/or data, an approach using some basic definitions of fuzzy sets and the signed distance method for ranking fuzzy numbers is proposed. An example of a washing machine under two-segment market is provided for illustrating the proposed approach, and in this example, the difference between the optimal solution from the fuzzy model and that from the crisp model is compared as well as the advantage of using the fuzzy model is drawn.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.35-51
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• 1986

The purpose of this study is to establish family life cycle of farm and to analyze changes of economic conditions-income, consumption expenditures, savings, assets, and debts-in farm household according to the family life cycle. Income, consumption expenditures, savings, assets, and debts functions are also estimated by age of household head. The data of Farm Household Economy Survey which was conducted in 1983 by Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries is used in this study. Among total data of 2000, 1603 are analyzed for mean, percentage, and regression using CRISP Program at Office of Rural Development. The results of study can be summarized as follows; 1) Eight stages of family life cycle of farm are established according to the growth of the first child. They are: Establishment stage, Child bearing and preschool stage, Elementary school stage, Middle and high school stage, College and vocational adjustment stage, Period of children's marriage, Re-adjustment stage, and isorganizing stage. 2) The economic conditions of farm household are significantly fluctuated by family life cycle. Among the eight stages, stage Ⅱ is considered relatively comfortable living period and stage Ⅲ, Ⅳ are the most difficult periods of farm household economy. 3) The estimated functions of income, consumption expenditures, savings, assets, and debts by age of household head are as follows; Y(income) = 2, 354, 832+98,456T-1,036T2(F=11.746) C(consumption expenditures) = 81,876+154,976T-1,552T2 (F=37.272) S(savings) = 2,272,956+56,511T+516T2(F=4.262) D(debts) = 903,929+28,300T-438T2(F=3.339) A(assets) = 200,816+1,213,336T-12,930T2(F=21.069) To carry on a reasonable farm household management, a suitable measure to cope with the desire of family and the economic conditions of farm household should be prepared.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.227-232
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• 2015

퍼지 선형계획법은 불확실성하에서의 문제들을 해결하는데 유용한 의사결정 모형이다. 본 연구에서는 목적함수 값이 퍼지수이고 우변 상수도 퍼지수인 융합 등식 제약식을 갖는 퍼지 선형계획법 문제를 다룬다. 연구의 목적은 퍼지 해를 정의하고 그것을 구하는 절차를 모색하는 것이다. 목적함수 값에 대한 소속 함수로 부분 선형함수를, 제약식의 소속 함수로는 사다리꼴 함수를 도입한다. 사다리꼴 함수는 구간별 선형 함수 들로 나누어 나타낼 수 있다. 따라서 모든 소속 함수들을 선형식 들로 대체함으로써 퍼지 선형계획 모형을 Zimmermann의 대칭 선형 모형으로 바꿀 수 있다. 여기에 최대-최소 기준을 적용하여 일반 선형계획법 문제를 도출해 내고, 이 문제의 최적해로부터 원 문제의 퍼지 해를 얻게 된다. 본 논문에서는 사다리꼴 소속 함수에 대해 살펴보았는데 앞으로는 오목 부분 선형함수와 같은 좀 더 일반화된 소속 함수에 대한 연구가 필요하다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.772-778
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• 2006

Silk organza can make the silhouette of clothes bulky and rich, owing to its stiffness. And silk organza in the gum has better dyeability so can be dyed more bright and deeper color than scoured silk because silk organza has sericin gum that has better dyeability than fibroin. So, silk organza came into the most broad use as the material for Hanbok, especially in summer. But the silk organza has poor color fastness. Sericin is removed from organza when silk organza go through scouring. The purpose of this research is to find out the optimum conditions that the scoured silk fabrics can get stiffness by persimmon juice treatment. For experiments, non scoured, partially scoured and fully scoured silk fabrics were prepared by alkali treatments. Then 3 kinds of silk fabrics were treated with the concentration of 1, 5, 10, 50 and 100% of persimmon Juice. The change of fiber surface of the various silk fabrics were observed By SEM. The hand values of those fabric samples also were measured hand values by Kawabata Evaluation System and stiffness by Cantilaver method. By scouring, the silk organza got more flexibility and less cohesiveness between their fibers. And it can be a little more bulky by removing gum. Namely, silk organza lost its unique stiff and crisp handle. By the persimmon juice treatment, tannin component could be coated on the fiber surface. so that the stiffness of the fabrics were improved.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.173-177
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• 2012

신선절단 사과와 엽채류의 품질에 절단방법이 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여, 사과는 sharp knife나 dull knife로 절단하고, 양배추와 결구상추는 hand나 knife cutting 및 knife로 샐러드용 크기나 채썰기로 절단하고 각 절단품의 품질특성을 비교 조사하였다. 신선절단 사과의 갈변도와 과육경도는 dull knife보다 sharp knife로 절단한 경우에 유의적으로 낮고 높게 유지되었다. 반면에 신선절단 사과의 가용성 고형분 함량과 pH는 절단용 칼날의 날카로움에 따른 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 신선절단 양배추와 결구상추의 갈변도는 hand cutting보다 knife cutting에서, 샐러드용 크기보다 세절인 채썰기한 경우에서 유의적으로 낮은 수준을 나타내었다. 이로써, 신선절단품 제조시 조직손상을 크게 하는 절단방법이 사과의 갈변과 연화를, 양배추와 결구상추의 갈변을 촉진시키는 것으로 확인되었고, 고품질 제품을 위해 조직손상을 최소화할 수 있는 기술이 적용되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.