• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.66-76
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• 2008

Purpose : The purpose of the study was to determine Effects of the ADL Group Study Program Training on Functional Independence and Quality of Life for the CNS Patients. Methods : Thirty patients with stroke were assigned to experimental and control group. During eight weeks, both group participated in the conventional physical therapy and only the experimental group added in the ADL Group Study program. Experimental group performed two a week for 8 weeks and both group were scored Mini-Mental State Examination-Korean version before the training. The data were analyzed with frequency, independent t-test, paired t-test using SPSS PC(ver.12.0). Results : The result of this study is as fallows : First, after eight weeks, the experimental group the significant improvement in Korean Activity Daily Living scale, washing(p<0.01), bathing, ambulation, toilet using(p<0.05) and decorating, the short distance transfer(p<0.05) in Korean Independent Daily Living scale, vitality(p<0.05) in Quality of Life score. Conclusion : These finding suggest that the ADL Group Study Program Training can be used to improve functional independent and quality of life for the CNS patients. Also, the result of this study can provide a reference for the successful therapeutic program in CNS patients.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.44-49
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• 2006

The aqueous extract of Hydrilla verticillata (AEHV) was tested for possible pharmacological effects on experimental animals. AEHV significantly potentiated the sleeping time of mice induced by standard hypnotics viz. pentobarbitone sodium, diazepam, and meprobamate in a dose dependent manner. AEHV showed significant analgesic properties as evidenced by the significant reduction in the number of writhes and stretches induced in mice by 1.2% acetic acid solution. It also potentiated analgesia induced by morphine and pethidine in mice. Pretreatment with AEHV caused significant protection against strychnine and leptazol-induced convulsions. The behavioral studies on mice indicate CNS depressant activity of the aqueous extract of H. verticillata.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.249-252
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• 2004

The methanol extract of Diospyros peregrina bark was studied for its effect on the central nervous system (CNS) using the pentobarbitone induced sleeping time test, the open field test and the hole cross test in Swiss albino mice. The present investigation revealed that the extract, at the doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg, significantly prolonged the pentobarbitone induced sleeping time in mice though the onset of sleep was delayed as compared to the control. In open field test, the depressing effect was prominent from the second observation period (30 min) and persisted throughout the entire experimental period (240 min). In the hole cross test, the depressing effect was observed from the second observation period (30 min) and persisted up to fifth observation period (120 min) for 250 mg dose group and up to sixth observation period (180 min) for 500 mg dose group. These results support the finding that D. peregrina bark extract at the above doses has CNS depressing effects and indicate that D. peregrina bark may contain biologically active constituent(s) having CNS depressant activity.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.39-50
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• 2008

Purpose : This article reviewed the advances in the understanding of the effect of motor rehabilitation and brain plasticity on functional recovery after CNS damage. Methods : This is literature study with Pubmed, Medline and Science journal. Results : The inability of CNS neurons to regenerate is largely associated with nonneuronal aspects of the CNS environment. Especially, this neuronal growth inhibition is mediated by myelin associated glycoprotein, olygodendrocyte-myelin glycoprotein, and NOGO. Enriched environment, motor learning, forced limb use have been utilized in scientific studies to promote functional reorganization and brain plasticity. Especially, enriched environment and motor enrichment may prime the brain to respond more adaptively to injury, in part by expressed neurotrophic factors. Conclusions : These reviews suggest that activity-induced neural plasticity occur in damaged brain areas in order to functional reorganization, where it could contribute to motor recovery, and represent a target for stroke rehabilitation.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.149-157
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• 2008

Dopamine is a major neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS) that regulates neuroendocrine functions, locomotor activity, cognition and emotion. The dopamine system has been extensively studied because dysfunction of this system is linked to various pathological conditions including Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, Tourette's syndrome, and drug addiction. Accordingly, intense efforts to delineate the full complement of signaling pathways mediated by individual receptor subtypes have been pursued. Dopamine D1-like receptors are of particular interest because they are the most abundant dopamine receptors in CNS. Recent work suggests that dopamine signaling could be regulated via dopamine receptor interacting proteins (DRIPs). Unraveling these DRIPs involved in the dopamine system may provide a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying CNS disorders related to dopamine system dysfunction and may help identify novel therapeutic targets.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.285-291
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• 2016

CNS/ATM 분야에서 안전 평가는 시스템을 개발하는데 반드시 필요한 개발 활동이다. 현재까지, 안전 평가와 관련된 많은 참고할 만한 자료들이 있으나 CNS/ATM분야에서 무엇을 어떻게 적용해야 할지 명확하게 명시된 자료는 없다. 또 다른 문제는 DO-278A기반으로 소프트웨어를 개발하기 위해서는 개발하고자 하는 소프트웨어에 대한 소프트웨어 보증 수준이 결정되어 있어야 한다. 하지만 개발 보증 수준을 결정하는 체계도 또한 정의되어 있지 않다. 이와 같은 문제를 해결하기 위해 본 논문에서는 ICAO Doc 9689에 정의된 안전 목표 수준을 기반으로 한 위험 평가를 수행하기 위한 방법을 제시한다. 항행 안전 시스템에서 일반적으로 적용 가능하도록 하기 위해 위험 평가 수행 절차를 수학적으로 표현하였으며 위험 평가를 위해 필요한 위험원의 심각도 분류, 발생 확률, 시스템 안전 목표 수준 등을 정의하고 위험 평가를 수행하기 위해 이벤트 트리 분석 절차를 적용하는 방법을 설명하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.1446-1449
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• 2010

A total of 1,444 coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) isolates from bovine mastitic milk samples collected during 2003-2008 in Korea were identified to the species level. Of 14 species identified, S. simulans, S. haemolyticus, and S. sciuri accounted for over 60% of the isolates. All the CNS isolates were tested for susceptibility to eight antimicrobials commonly used in dairy cattle. With a few exceptions, similar resistance patterns were observed among the CNS species: penicillin and ampicillin showed the lowest activity, whereas amikacin, cephalothin, and gentamicin were highly effective. About 39% (557/1,444) of the CNS isolates were pan-susceptible, whereas 12% (175/1,444) showed resistance to four or more antimicrobials tested.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.423-427
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• 2010

나노구조를 갖는 중공구형(CNS) 및 중공반구형(NBC) 다공성 탄소 담체에 각각 약 1.0 wt%의 구리를 담지시켜 두 종류의 촉매를 제조하였고 과산화수소수에 의한 페놀의 수산화 반응에서 촉매의 성능을 두 종류의 서로 다른 용매(물, 아세토니트릴)에 대하여 비교 분석하였다. 촉매에 담지된 구리의 양은 EDS 분석으로 확인하였고 비표면적, 기공 부피, 기공 분포도 등을 비교 분석하였다. 두 종류의 촉매에서 모두 아세토니트릴보다 물에서 더 높은 전환율과 과산화수소 유효도 및 카테콜과 하이드로퀴논의 생성율을 얻을 수 있었고, 물을 용매로 사용했을 때 1.0 Cu/CNS 촉매가 1.0 Cu/NBC 촉매보다 50% 이상의 전환율과 과산화수소 유효도를 보였다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.84-90
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• 2015

젓갈로부터 분리된 ampicillin 감수성, coagulase 음성 Staphylococcus 속 17 균주의 항생물질내성 및 위해성을 평가하였다. 15 균주는 한 종류 이상의 항생물질에 대한 내성을 나타내었고, penicillin G 내성 균주가 가장 높은 빈도로 검출되었다. PCR 증폭에 의한 항생물질내성 유전자 존재 확인 결과, trimethoprim 내성 관련 dfrA 유전자와 tetracycline 내성 관련 tetK 유전자를 각각 보유한 두 균주가 확인되었다. α 형 용혈활성은 검출되지 않았지만, 다섯 균주가 δ 형의 용혈을 나타내었고, 그 중 두 균주는 β 형 용혈활성을 나타냈으며, 12 균주가 biofilm을 형성하였다. 본 실험에서 수행한 모든 안전성 평가 결과는 균주 특이적으로 나타났다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.756-763
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• 2002

We have previously demonstrated that repeated injections of nicotine produced an increase in locomotor activity, dopamine(DA), release and c-Fos expression in the nucleus accumbens, one of the major projection areas of the central DA system. Acupuncture as a therapeutic intervention is widely used for the treatment of many functional disorders such as substance abuse and mental dysfunction. And many studies have shown that Coptidis Rhizoma has a suppressive effect on the central nervous system (CNS) and can affect the neurotransmitter systems in the CNS. In order to investigate whether acupuncture and Coptidis Rhizoma have an influence on nicotine-induced reinforcing and behavioral effects, we examined the effect of zusanli(ST36) and Coptidis Rhizoma on repeated nicotine-induced locomotor activity, and zusanli(ST36) on c-Fos expression as an important maker of postsynaptic neuronal activity in nucleus accumbens. Male SD rats received Coptidis Rhizoma (100mg/kg, p.o.) 30 min before injections of nicotine (0.4 mg/kg, s.c.) for 7 days. Rats were followed withdrawal for 3 days and one challenge for 1 day. Systemic challenge with nicotine produced a much larger increase in locomotor activity. Pretreatment with acupuncture at zusanli(ST36, 100Hz) and Coptidis Rhizoma decreased in nicotine-induced locomotor activity. These results demonstrated that reduction in locomotor activity by acupuncture at zusanli(ST36, 100Hz) and Coptidis Rhizoma may be mediated by reduction of dopamine release. Our results suggest that acupuncture at zusanli(ST36, 100Hz) and Coptidis Rhizoma may have therapeutic effect on nicotine addiction.