• Title/Summary/Keyword: CCN

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A Comparison Study on Data Caching Policies of CCN (콘텐츠 중심 네트워킹의 데이터 캐시 정책 비교 연구)

  • Kim, Dae-Youb
    • Journal of Digital Convergence
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.327-334
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    • 2017
  • For enhancing network efficiency, various applications/services like CDN and P2P try to utilize content which have previously been cached somewhere. Content-centric networking (CCN) also utilizes data caching functionality. However, dislike CDN/P2P, CCN implements such a function on network nodes. Then, any intermediated nodes can directly respond to request messages for cached data. Hence, it is essential which content is cached as well as which nodes cache transmitted content. Basically, CCN propose for every nodes on the path from the content publisher of transmitted object to a requester to cache the object. However, such an approach is inefficient considering the utilization of cached objects as well as the storage overhead of each node. Hence, various caching mechanisms are proposed to enhance the storage efficiency of a node. In this paper, we analyze the performance of such mechanisms and compare the characteristics of such mechanisms. Also, we analyze content utilization patterns and apply such pattern to caching mechanisms to analyze the practicalism of the caching mechanisms.

Popularity-Based Pushing Scheme for Supporting Content Provider Mobility in Content-Centric Networking (콘텐츠 중심 네트워크에서 정보제공자의 이동성 지원을 위한 인기도 기반 푸싱 기법)

  • Woo, Taehee;Park, Heungsoon;Kwon, Taewook
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.40 no.1
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    • pp.78-87
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    • 2015
  • Content-Centric Networking(CCN) is a new networking paradigm to search for the routing information needed to find a data from the content name, unlike conventional IP networks. In CCN, the mobility management, one of the CCN challenges, is consists of consumer mobility and content provider mobility. Among both, in the case of the content provider mobility, it requires too much overhead and time to update routing information on the corresponding routers. In this paper, we propose Popularity-based Pushing CCN(PoPCoN) which considers the content popularity to support effective mobility of content provider in CCN. Our proposed algorithm shortens content download time for the consumer and reduces the network overhead during mobility as compared to the existing approaches.

A Blockchain-Based Content Authentication Scheme for CCN (블록체인 기반 CCN 콘텐츠 인증 기술)

  • Kim, DaeYoub
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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    • v.28 no.4
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    • pp.975-985
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    • 2018
  • ICN architecture, one of future Internet technologies, proposes that content request packets toward a content source can be responded by several distributed nodes. So, ICN can solve network congestion which is happened around content sources and provide a seamless content distribution service regardless of the network and system statuses of content sources. Especially, CCN implements content caching functionality in network nodes so that such intermediated network nodes can themselves respond to content requests. However, when receiving content from distributed nodes, users receiving content cannot authenticate the nodes providing the content. So CCN is vulnerable to various attacks such as an impersonation attack, a data pollution attack, and so on. This paper first describes CCN content authentication and its weakness. Then it proposes an improved content authentication scheme based on a blockchain and evaluates the performance of the proposed scheme.

A Study on the Support of Intermediate Node Mobility by Double Paths in CCN Real-Time Services (CCN 실시간 서비스 간 이중 경로에 의한 중간노드 이동성 지원에 관한 연구)

  • Keum, Suk-Ju;Kwon, Tae-Wook
    • The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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    • v.16 no.5
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    • pp.825-834
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    • 2021
  • With the development of various devices and Internet platforms, production and demand for content are increasing rapidly. However, effective response to exponentially increasing data usage is difficult in current TCP/IP schemes. As a result, with the emergence of an alternative called CCN, data can be transmitted and received from the host-centered to the content-oriented, and large-capacity content can be handled with more mitigated network resources. In this paper, we will address intermediate node mobility, which is one of the areas studied in CCN. In CCN, real-time services are a very important factor for information providers as well as requestors. However, when a node departure situation occurs, packet transmission and transmission speed decreases. Therefore, to ensure these numbers, even if the intermediate node deviates using a dual path, it provides a complete QoS (Quality of Service) using an alternative path.

Cache Policy based on Producer Distance to Reduce Response Time in CCN (CCN에서 응답시간 감소를 위한 생산자 거리 기반 캐시정책)

  • Kim, Keon;Kwon, Tae-Wook
    • The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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    • v.16 no.6
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    • pp.1121-1132
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    • 2021
  • Nowadays, it is more difficult to find people who do not use mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets. Contents that can be accessed at the touch of a finger is overflowing. However, the existing network has a structure in which it is difficult to efficiently respond to the problems caused by overflowing contents. In particular, the bottleneck problem that occurs when multiple users intensively request content from the server at the same time is a representative problem. To solve this problem, the CCN has emerged as an alternative to future networks. CCN uses the network bandwidth efficiently through the In-Network Cache function of the intermediate node to improve the traffic required for user to request to reach the server, to reduce response time, and to distribute traffic concentration within the network. I propose a cache policy that can improve efficiency in such a CCN environment.

Improvement of Underlay Cooperative Cognitive Networks Bandwidth Efficiency under Interference and Power Constraints

  • Al-Mishmish, Hameed R.M.;Preveze, Barbaros;Alkhayyat, Ahmed
    • KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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    • v.13 no.11
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    • pp.5335-5353
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    • 2019
  • The definition of the bandwidth efficiency (BE) of cognitive cooperative network (CCN) is the ratio between a number of the licensed slot(s) or sub-channel(s) used by the unlicensed users to transmit a single data packet from the unlicensed transmitter to unlicensed destination, and from unlicensed relay(s) to unlicensed destination. This paper analyzes and improves the BE in the underlay CCN with a new reactive relay selection under interference and power constraints. In other words, this paper studies how unlicensed cooperative users use the licensed network slot(s) or sub-channel(s) efficiently. To this end, a reactive relay selection method named as Relay Automatic Repeat Request (RARQ) is proposed and utilized with a CCN under interference and power constraints. It is shown that the BE of CCN is higher than that of cooperative transmission (CT) due to the interference and power constraint. Furthermore, the BE of CCN is affected by the distance of the interference links which are between the unlicensed transmitter to the licensed destination and unlicensed relay to the licensed destination. In addition, the BE for multiple relays selection over a CCN under interference and power constraints is also analyzed and studied, and it is shown that the BE of CCN decreases as the number of relays increases.

Level of Cultural Competence (CC) and Educational Needs for Cultural Competence in Nursing (CCN) in Undergraduate Nursing Students (간호대학생의 문화적 역량과 문화간호역량 교육요구 분석)

  • Lee, Nae Young;Eo, Yong Sook;Lee, Ji Won
    • The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.16-27
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    • 2015
  • Purpose: This study evaluates the level of cultural competence (CC) and educational needs for cultural competence in nursing (CCN) in undergraduate nursing students. Methods: A self-report instrument was used to measure CC and educational needs for CCN. Questionnaires were completed by 330 nursing students in three nursing colleges. Descriptive statistics, a t-test, an ANOVA, Pearson correlation analyses, and multiple regression were used to analyze the data. Results: The mean CC score was 2.99 and the mean CCN educational needs score was 7.1. CC positively correlated with educational needs for CCN. The regression model explained 36% of the variance in CC. Factors affecting CC were school grades, multicultural education experience, frequency of meeting foreigners, length of encounters with foreigners, foreign-language fluency, and degree of interest in multicultural nursing. Conclusion: To strengthen the CC of students, nursing educators should develop an educational program for CCN and incorporate CCN into nursing school curricula.

Delay Attenuation LFU (DA-LFU) Cache Replacement Policy to Improve Hit Rates in CCN (CCN에서 적중률 향상을 위한 지연감쇠 LFU(DA-LFU) 캐시 교체 정책)

  • Ban, Bin;Kwon, Tae-Wook
    • KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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    • v.9 no.3
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    • pp.59-66
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    • 2020
  • Content Centric Network(CCN) with architecture that is completely different from traditional host-based networks has emerged to address problems such as the explosion of traffic load in the current network. Research on cache replacement policies is very active to improve the performance of CCN with the characteristics that all routers cache on the network. Therefore, this paper proposes a cache replacement policy suitable for situations in which popularity is constantly changing, taking into account the actual network situation. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm, we experimented in an environment where the popularity of content is constantly changing, and confirmed that we are superior to the existing replacement policy through comparing hit rates and analyzing server load.

Hybrid Hierarchical Architecture for Mobility Management in Mobile Content Centric Networking (이동 콘텐트 중심 네트워킹 구조에서의 하이브리드 계층적 이동성 관리 방안)

  • Lee, Ji-hoon
    • Journal of IKEEE
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.1147-1151
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    • 2018
  • As personal users create and share lots of contents at any time and any places, new networking architecture such as content centric networking (CCN) has emerged. CCN utilizes content name as a packet identifier, not address. However, current CCN has a limitation for content source mobility management. The movement of content sources cause long delivery latency and long service disruption. To solve that, a hierarchical mobility management was was proposed. However, the hierarchical mobility management scheme has still the loss of interest packets and long handoff latency. So, this paper presents the hybrid hierarchical mobility management in mobile CCN environements to reduce both the loss rate of interest packets and the handoff latency. It is shown from the performance evaluations shows that the proposed scheme provides low loss rate of control message.

Intermediate Node Mobility Management Technique by Real-Time Monitoring in CCN Environment (CCN 환경에서 실시간 모니터링에 의한 중간노드 이동성 관리 기법)

  • Ko, Seung-Beom;Kwon, Tae-Wook
    • The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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    • v.17 no.5
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    • pp.783-790
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    • 2022
  • The development of SNS and video platforms provided an opportunity to explode the activation of content production and consumption. However, in the legacy system, due to the host-based location-oriented data transmission, there are inherent limitations in efficient operation and management. As an alternative to this, a Contents Centric Network (CCN) was studied. In this paper, when intermediate nodes located between the information provider and the information requester between the real-time streaming services in the CCN environment move or restrict their use, failure through monitoring of wireless reception strength to solve problems like disconnection of transmission quality at the information consumer. We propose a stable intermediate node management mechanism through active response before occurrence.