• The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.109-113
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• 2008

Purpose: To evaluate the detector dependency in the various collimator size for Stereotactic Radiosugery (SRS). Materials and Methods: This study was performed with 6 MV photon beam (Varian 21EX, Varian, US) and the measurement detectors are used by ion chamber CC01, CC13 (Wellhofer, Germany) and stereotactic diode detector (SFD, Wellhofer, Germany). SRS collimator size was used by ${\varphi}$5, 10, 20, 30 mm (Brain Lab, Germany). Percentage depth dose (PDD) was measured at SSD 100 cm and field size 10×10 cm from individual detectors. Ouput factor was measured by using same setup of PDD and with maximum dose depth. Data was normalized at field size $10{\times}10\;cm$. Beam profile was measured at SSD 100 cm in SRS collimator ${\varphi}$10, 30 mm and field $10{\times}10\;cm$ and a comparison of FWHM (full width half maximum), penumbra width (20~80%). Results: The CC13 detector was overestimated 16% than other detectors from the PDD in the 5 mm collimator. Output factors were underestimated CC01 28%, CC13 72% in the 5 mm collimator and CC01 9.6%, CC13 25% in the 10 mm collimator than the SFD. Maximum difference was 3% at the FWHM of the dose profile in the 10 mm collimator and difference of the 30 mm collimator was 0% at the FWHM. Penumbra width was increased CC01 122%, CC13 194% in the 10 mm collimator and CC01 68%, CC13 185% in the 30 mm collimator than the SFD. Conclusion: It is very important for accurate dosimetry to select a detector in small field. The SFD was considered with the most accurate dosimeter for small collimator dosimetry in this study.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.180-184
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• 2018

This study was conducted to examine the effect OTR film type on the quality of garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.) baby leaf during MA storage. Garden cress harvested at baby leaf size of 10cm plant height packed with 1,300 cc, 10,000 cc, 20,000 cc, 40,000 cc, and $80,000cc{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}day^{-1}{\cdot}atm^{-1}$ OTR (oxygen transmission rate) films and MP (micro-perforated) film, and then stored at $8^{\circ}C$ for 10 days. All of the OTR film treatments showed a decrease of 0.5% fresh weight until the storage end date and a 1.3% decrease in the MP film treatment. The oxygen concentration in the packaging during storage was maintained at 18% or more in 20,000 cc, 40,000 cc, and 80,000 cc OTR film treatments, while the 1,300 cc OTR film treatment decreased to 11% at the storage end date. And the concentration of carbon dioxide was steadily increased in the 1,300 cc and 10,000 cc OTR film treatments to show the levels of 4.5% and 3.4%, respectively, and the other OTR film treatments showed a concentration of less than 1%. Ethylene concentration in the package was maintained at the highest level of $3-5{\mu}L{\cdot}L^{-1}$ in the 1,300 cc treatment during the storage period. The lowest odor and the highest quality of appearance were observed in the 1,300 cc treatment, but the MP film treatment and the other OTR treatments lost marketable quality due to yellowing. The color of garden cress baby leaf was changed the lowest in 1,300 cc treatment that showed the highest chlorophyll content and Hue angle value, lowest $b^*$ value, present of yellowing at end of storage date. Therefore, 1,300 cc treatment which was most effective for yellowing and odor suppression during storage is considered to be suitable for packaging of garden cress baby leaf.

• Review of KIISC
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.80-96
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• 2005

ISO/IEC ISO/IEC 15408인 CC(Common Criteria)는 전세계 정보보호 학계와 산업 분야에서 정보보호 기능과 보증에 대한 표준적 개념, 평가 및 분류체계로 자리매김했다. 현재의 공식적인 버전은 CC 2.2이지만, 2004년 3월에 CC 2.4(초안)가 발표된 후, 공식버전이 되기도 전인 2005년 7월에 CC 3.0 (초안, 수정 2판)이 발표되었다. CC 3.0은$50\%$이상 대폭 변화되었으며 지난 10년간 경험했던 CC의 문제점을 해결하려한 흔적이 역역하다. 본 논문에서는 CC 3.0의 변화를 CC 2.4와 함께 조사 및 분석하였고 변화에 따른 문제점과 대책을 제시한다.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.97-123
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• 1965

Observations were made on the blood picture of total 196 heads of healthy Korean cattles, including 98 males and females in the purpose of determination of blood chemical values and their sex differences and seasonal variations during one year period from December, 1963 to November, 1964. The blood sampling were scheduled by random in four different seasons and the sample size of both sex included in each season were designated to be same size. The ranges, averages or mean values of the blood glucose, total serum protein, serum globulin, serum albumin, total non-protein nitrogen, blood urea nitrogn, total serum cholesterol, serum inorganic phosphorus and serum calcium were determined in this studies and their respective standard deviation, standard error of means, sex differences and seasonal variations were as follows. 1. The blood glucose values for the male ranged from 32.8 to 70.0 mg/100cc. with a mean of $49.781{\pm}0.823mg/100cc$; for the female the range was 32.0 to 64.0mg/100cc. with a mean of $47.235{\pm}0.782mg/100cc$. Sex difference showed significant at 5% level and seasonal variation was highly significant at 1% level. 2. The total serum protein values for the male ranged from 5.61 to 8.83 gm/100cc with a. mean of $7.366{\pm}0.062gm/100cc$; for the female ranged from 5.53 to 8. 43 gm/100cc. with a mean of $6.832{\pm}0.063gm/100cc$. Sex difference and seasonal variation was not significant. 3. The serum globulin values for the male ranged from 2.97 to 4.78 gm/100cc. with a mean of $3.961{\pm}0.039gm/100cc$.; for the female ranged from 2.87 to 4.41 gm/100cc. with a mean of $3.699{\pm}0.037gm/100cc$. Sex difference showed highly significant at 1% level and seasonal variation was not significant. 4. The serum albumin values for the male ranged from 2.58 to 4.21 gm/100cc. with a mean of $3.405{\pm}0.029gm/100cc$.; for the female ranged from 2.39 to 4.10 gm/100cc. with a mean of $3.204{\pm}0.031gm/100cc$. Sex difference showed highly significant at 1% level and seasonal variation was not significant. 5. The total non-protein nitrogan values for the male ranged from 19.1 to 44.8 gm/100cc. with a mean of $31.166{\pm}0.582mg/100cc$.; for the female the range was 15.2 to 50.5 mg/100cc. with a mean of $28.89.6{\pm}0.673mg/100cc$. Sex difference showed significant at 5% level and seasonal variation was highly significant at 1 % level. 6. The blood urea nitrogen values for the male ranged from 6.4 to 28.3 mg/100cc. with a mean of $13.371{\pm}0.466mg/100cc$.; for the female the range, was 6.0 to 26.9 mg/100cc. with a mean of $13.631{\pm}0.321mg/100cc$. Sex difference was not significant and seasonal variation showed highly significant at 1 % level. 7. The total serum cholesterol values for the male ranged from 60.0 to 238.6 mg/100cc. with a mean of $140.897{\pm}2.826mg/100cc$.; for the female ranged from 50.0 to 243.0 mg/100cc. with a mean of $124.840{\pm}3.553mg/100cc$. Sex difference and seasonal variation showed highly significant at 1% level. 8. The serum inorganic phosphorus values for the male ranged from 3.5 to 7.8 mg/100cc. with a mean of $5.426{\pm}0.096mg/100cc$.; for the female ranged from 3.1 to 8.8 mg/100cc. with a mean of $5.570{\pm}0.128mg/100cc$. Sex difference and seasonal variation showed no significant. 9. The serum calcium values for the male ranged from 7.8 to 12.8 mg/100cc. with a mean of $10.761{\pm}0.102mg/100cc$.; for the female ranged from 8.0 to 13.0 mg/100cc. with a mean of 10. $756{\pm}0.097mg/100cc$. Sex difference was not significant and seasonal variation showed highly significant at 1% level. 10. The age of test group ranged from 2 years to 6 years in both sex and the averageage were, $4.45{\pm}0.114$ years in male and $4.50{\pm}0116$ years in female. Sex difference and seasonal variation of age were not found to be significant.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.57-68
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• 2012

As the functions and technology of IT security solution has been diversified and complicated, it is necessary to make the functions standardized. The common criteria (CC) evaluation and certification scheme was introduced with this background in 2000. For over 10 years after the introduction of CC evaluation and certification scheme, many security solution vendors have developed functions following the security functional requirement in CC. Most of CC evaluators and developers think that CC has helped to enhance the security of the solution. So, it is a right time to prove the affirmative effects of CC in quantity. In this research, we compare two cases, the security status of the solution before and after the experience of CC evaluation, and analyze the results. We made the questionnaire for the domestic solutions vendors. We show that CC has made positive effects on the security of the solution quantitatively using statistical analysis. This research is meaningful security enhancement of domestic security solutions.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.83-87
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• 2017

This study was conducted to determine types of oxygen transmission rate (OTR) films suitable for modified atmosphere (MA) storage treatment of strawberries (cv. 'Maehyang') for export and examination related changes in quality of strawberries during simulated shipping distribution conditions ($2^{\circ}C$ for $10days{\sim}8^{\circ}C$ for 11 days). Strawberries were packed by 1,300, 10,000, 20,000, and $30,000cc/m^2{\cdot}day{\cdot}atm$ OTR films for MA storage treatment and perforated film as the control for MAP. Fresh weight loss rate was less than 0.5% in OTR films except for the perforated film. Carbon dioxide and oxygen content in packages prevailed in permissible range for strawberries under recommended CA/MA conditions (i.e., $CO_2$: 15~20%, $O_2$: 5~10%) at 10,000 cc, 20,000 cc, and 30,000 cc OTR films. Ethylene content in OTR films did not reveal significant differences during storage. The 1,300 cc OTR film revealed highest off-flavor and lowest fungal incidence rate by sensory evaluation. The firmness, soluble solids, and visual quality were preserved the highest at 10,000 cc OTR film. In conclusion, 10,000 cc OTR film preserved the highest quality and extended shelf-life by 13 days if compared with conventional distribution conditions.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.279-288
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• 2005

The vascular plant at Korea CC was researched in 95 taxa and Korea CC had the highest number of vascular plants among the ponds of 9 golf courses in the capital region. The number of vascular plants at Eunhwasam CC was 21 taxa which followed as the second most. Most of the vascular plants surveyed consist of a mon-ocotyledon with 1-2 years of life and a dicotyledon as perennial. The ratio between an introduced species of pond vegetation and planting species from Jisan CC is $52.3\%$, which is the highest. The lowest ratio of those is $21.1\%$, which is from Pine Creek Cc. Pine Creek CC has 25 plant communities in total, with 16 semi-natural and natural communities and 9 planting or introduced communities. Pine Creek CC has the most varied plant communities among 9 golf clubs. There are plant communities of semi-natural and natural vegetation from all ponds, and there are 12 aquatic plant communities at disturbance or planting vegetation. We found out that Pine creek CC has more natural communities than disturbance or planting communities compared to other golf clubs, and there is not any natural vegetation at Pristine Valley CC. According to value grade from assessment indicator, the natural aspect of Seseoul CC and Eunhwasam CC are the lowest among 9 golf clubs. Taeyoung CC, Eunhwasam CC, Jisan CC, Seseoul CC are superior in made vegetation among the group in terms of euclidean similarity coefficient on natural aspect and are classified as one group. Korea CC and Pristine Valley CC have distinguished semi-natural vegetation and Midas Valley CC and Pine Creek CC, which have a relatively high natural aspect, are classified as one group. Blue Heron CC is separated from other groups into its own group because it has a high value of scenery in particular. In conclusion, there is a correlation between the natural aspect of a pond and size of vegetation.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.775-784
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• 2017

A neutral xylanase (CcXyn) was identified from Coprinus cinereus. It has a single GH10 catalytic domain with a basic amino acid-rich extension (PVRRK) at the C-terminus. In this study, the wild-type (CcXyn) and C-terminus-truncated xylanase ($CcXyn-{\Delta}5C$) were heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris and their characteristics were comparatively analyzed with aims to examine the effect of this extension on the enzyme function. The circular dichorism analysis indicated that both enzymes in general had a similar structure, but $CcXyn-{\Delta}5C$ contained less ${\alpha}-helices$ (42.9%) and more random coil contents (35.5%) than CcXyn (47.0% and 32.8%, respectively). Both enzymes had the same pH (7.0) and temperature ($45^{\circ}C$) optima, and similar substrate specificity on different xylans. They all hydrolyzed beechwood xylan primarily to xylobiose and xylotriose. The amounts of xylobiose and xylotriose accounted for 91.5% and 92.2% (w/w) of total xylooligosaccharides (XOS) generated from beechwood by CcXyn and $CcXyn-{\Delta}5C$, respectively. However, truncation of the C-terminal 5-amino-acids extension significantly improved the thermostability, SDS resistance, and pH stability at pH 6.0-9.0. Furthermore, $CcXyn-{\Delta}5C$ exhibited a much lower $K_m$ value than CcXyn (0.27 mg/ml vs 0.83 mg/ml), and therefore, the catalytic efficiency of $CcXyn-{\Delta}5C$ was 2.4-times higher than that of CcXyn. These properties make $CcXyn-{\Delta}5C$ a good model for the structure-function study of $({\alpha}/{\beta})_8$-barrel-folded enzymes and a promising candidate for various applications, especially in the detergent industry and XOS production.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.17 no.5 s.77
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• pp.89-101
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• 2002

이제 공통평가기준(CC)의 도입은 거를 수 없는 대세로 자리 잡고 있으며, 국내에서도 CC를 도입하기 위해 인증기관과 평가기관들이 도입을 위한 준비를 서두르고 있으나 개발자 입장에서는 아직 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서, 본 고에서는 CC를 고려하여 정보보호시스템을 개발하고자 하는 연구기관 및 업체에서 개발전략을 수립하는 데 도움이 될 수 있는 CC 관련 기술동향을 살펴보았다. 먼저, 기존 정보보호시스템 평가기준인 TCSEC과 ITSEC에 대해 간략히 살펴본 후, 국제간에 상호 인증을 받을 수 있는 정보보호시스템 공통평가기준에 대해 CC 출현 배경, CC 표준 규격, PP와 ST 개발동향, CC의 최근 표준화동향 관점에서 살펴본다. 그리고, 연구개발을 추진하는 개발자 입장에서 연구개발체계에 CC를 어떻게 적용할 것인가에 대한 방안을 제시한다. 이를 위해 먼저, CC 관련 주요 이슈에 대해 ICCC’2002를 통해 알게 된 내용을 위주로 살펴보고, 연구개발체계에 CC 도입시 개발자들이 고려해야 할 개발 보증 증거물들에 대해 살펴본다.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.176-183
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• 2016

Bacillus velezensis CC112 inhibited the mycelial growth of several plant pathogens, including Rhizoctonia solani, causing damping-off on ginseng. The control efficacies of B. velezensis CC112 against R. solani by seed dipping in LB and BSM broth diluted 10 times, soil dipping, and soil drenching with LB broth diluted 10 times were 65.8%, 67.1%, and 64.2%, respectively. Treatment of soil drenching with the 100 times diluted prototype of B. velezensis CC112 against R. solani and Pythium sp. by soil revealed control efficacies of 77.3% and 65.7%, respectively. These results indicate that B. velezensis CC112 is a prospective biofungicide for the biological control of ginseng damping off.