• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.235-238
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• 2002

Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-512FMCM, 742CB3, 1299C의 dextransucrase들의 glycosyl기 전이 특성을 수용체 반응과 transglycosylation반응을 통해 확인하였다. 수용체 반응의 경우 10% sucrose에 수용체로 4% maltose를 첨가하여 반응시켰고 transglycosylation반응은 다른 크기, 다른 농도 그리고 다른 종류의 가지 결합의 dextran 을 합성하는 효소들을 이용하여 수행하였다. 각각의 효소들은 maltose를 이용한 수용체 반응에서 유사한 종류의 수용체 산물들을 합성한 것에 비해 세 dextransucrase들 (512FMCM, 742CB3, 1299C) 을 일정 비율로 혼합하여 maltose를 이용한 수용체 반응 결과 512FMCM 효소의 활성 비율을 줄이고 742CB3, 1299C 효소의 활성 비율을 증가시켰을 경우에는 ${\alpha}-1{\rightarrow}$3 의 가지결합이 많은 dextran 을 합성하였다. 또한, 세 가지 다른 구조의 dextran(T40, 742CB, B1299)에 100mM maltose을 수용체로 첨가해 각각의 dextransucrase(512FMCM, 742CB3, 1299C)와 transgly cosylation을 수행한 결과 1299C 효소가 세 종류의 dextran(T40, 742CB, B1299) 에 모두 가지 결합이 많은 dextran을 합성함을 확인하였다. 또한 ${\alpha}-1{\rightarrow}$6 결합으로 주로 이루어진 2%, 5% dextran(T10, T40, T7O, T500, T2000)에 dextransucrase(512FMCM, 742CB3, 1299C)를 반응시켜 기존의 dextran 보다 가지 결합이 더 많이 형성된 transglycosylation 산물을 합성하였다. 이때 maltose를 첨가했을 경우 이 수용 체에 의해 많은 ${\alpha}-1{\rightarrow}$6 가지 결합의 dextran 을 합성함을 확인하였다.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.178-185
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• 2016

This study was designed to develop and to qualify a coffee alternative beverage using a mixture of coffee beans and roasted black beans (Rhynchosia nulubilis). Therefore, the total isoflavone content (TIC), total phenol content (TPC), antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory activity, NFATc1 (Nuclear factor of activated T-cells c1) expression in RANKL (receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and sensory evaluation were measured for 5 different Cb (coffee bean)-RoS (roasted seomoktae) mixture extracts (Cb100RoS0, Cb75RoS25, Cb50RoS50, Cb25RoS75, and Cb0RoS100). Cb0RoS100 had the highest TIC ($516.83{\pm}36.61mg/100g$) and TPC ($18.11{\pm}1.77mg$ TAE/100 g) along with the highest antioxidant activity as measured by DPPH radical scavenging activity ($73.55{\pm}8.11%$) and ABTS radical scavenging activity ($63.27{\pm}7.27%$). Also, Cb0RoS100 showed the highest anti-inflammatory activity as measured by NO production ($13.57{\pm}2.21{\mu}M$) and PGE2 production ($3.25{\pm}0.21ng/mL$). The more the RoS ratio was increased in the mixtures of Cb-RoS, the more the NFATc1 protein expression was decreased in RANKL-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. In case of sensory evaluation, Cb50RoS50 had the highest scores for flavor, delicate flavor and overall quality, which were similar to those in Cb alone (Cb100RoS0). We suggest that the use of RoS replacement instead of Cb in/as a coffee alternative beverage may help to reduce the risk of caffeine-related bone loss and/or bone disease by effectively blocking NFATc1 expression in RANKL-stimulated RAW264.7 cells compared with Cb alone.

• Journal of Radiopharmaceuticals and Molecular Probes
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.73-79
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• 2018

In our previous study, tricarbonyl $^{99m}Tc$-labeled TSPO-binding ligand, named $^{99m}Tc$-CB256, having positively charge (+1) was investigated but did not show promising results in in vivo environment despite of a nanomolar binding affinity for TSPO. Because the overall positively charge of $^{99m}Tc$-CB256 would likely interrupt its target protein uptake, we herein designed the neutral tricarbonyl-$^{99m}Tc$ labeled TSPO-binding ligand ($^{99m}Tc$-CB257, 1). $^{99m}Tc$-CB257 was prepared by the facile incorporation of the $[^{99m}Tc(CO)_3]^+$ into a N-(hydroxycarbonylmethyl)-2-picoly moiety in CB257. The radiochemical yield of $^{99m}Tc$-CB257 after HPLC purification was $54.1{\pm}2.4%$ (decay corrected, n = 3). The authentic Re-CB257 (2) was synthesized by using $(NEt_4)_2[Re(CO)_3Br_3]$ in 69.0% yield. The binding affinity of 2 for TSPO was measured in leukocyte and showed approximately 280 times higher than that observed for the positively charged (+1) ligand, Re-CB256 ($K_i=0.57{\pm}0.06nM$ versus $159.3{\pm}8.7nM$, respectively). Our results indicated that 1 can be considered potentially as a new SPECT radiotracer for TSPO-rich cancer and provides the foundation for further in vivo evaluation related with abnormal TSPO-overexpression environments.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.371-379
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• 2009

The endocannabinoid system (ECS) plays a key role in the regulation of appetite, body weight and metabolism. We undertook the present study to further clarify the regulation of the cannabinoid CB1 receptor (CB1, CNR1) in human adipose tissue in obesity. CB1 receptor mRNA expression was ~1.6-fold (p<0.004) and 1.9-fold higher (P<0.05) in subcutaneous adipocytes from obese compared to non-obese subjects in microarray and quantitative real-time PCR studies, respectively. Higher CB1 receptor mRNA expression levels in both adipose tissue (~1.2 fold, P<0.05) and adipocytes (~2 fold, P<0.01) were observed in samples from visceral compared to subcutaneous depots collected from 22 obese individuals. Immunofluorescence confocal microscopy demonstrated the presence of CB1 receptor on adipocytes and also adipose tissue macrophages. These data indicate that adipocyte CB1 receptor is up-regulated in human obesity and visceral adipose tissue and also suggest a potential role for the ECS in modulating immune/inflammation as well as fat metabolism in adipose tissue.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.718-723
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• 2015

For the fabrication of the Si negative electrode in Li-ion batteries (LIBs) containing the cross-linking polymer binder, in this work, the urethane acrylate (UA) oligomer was synthesized via a simple synthetic process. The cross-linked poly(urethane acrylate) (CPUA)/carbone black (CB)/Si composite (CPUA/CB/Si composite) was fabricated through reactions between their reactive vinyl segments in the UA oligomer. Interestingly, the CPUA/CB/Si composite showed better cycle performance than the poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVdF)/CB/Si composite (PVdF/CB/Si composite) and the polyurethane (PU)/CB/Si composite (PU/CB/Si composite). The CPUA/CB/Si composite had the best lithiation of about $2586mAh\;g^{-1}$. The UA oligomer showed a good compatibility with the electrode materials and current collector after and before a curing process.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.143-150
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• 2015

This study demonstrates an effective one-pot regioselective synthesis of 3,7-diarylpyrazolo [1,5-${\alpha}$]pyrimidines. Moreover, the derivatives obtained were effective CB1R antagonists. These pyrazolo [1,5-${\alpha}$]pyrimidines with diaryl groups at the 3,7-positions are potential pharmacophores for CB1R candidates.

• ALGAE
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.145-148
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• 2004

As a result of the 2-year monthly monitoring of the phytoplankton community at 3 stations in Mankyeong Estuary, Korea, we learned that cyan bacterial species of the genus Anabaena occurred at most sampling points with huge salinity differences (0.1-32.5 psu). We isolated several clones of Anabaena spp. from the monitoring stations, and screen out two euryhaline and nitrogen-fixing Anabaena clones, CB-MAL21 and CB-MAL22. The two clones were grown under various environmental gradients such as temperature (20, 30, 35 and 40$^{\circ}C$), salinity (0, 2, 5, 15 and 30psu), and $PO_4^{3-}$-P concentration (0, 1.6, 8.0, 40 and 200 ${\mu}M$M). Growth of CB-MAL21 and CB-MAL22 was measured by daily monitoring of chlorophyll fluorescence from each experimental culture for more than three serial transfers. Both the two experimental clones did not grow at 0psu. Maximal growth rates of the two clones were markedly reduced at lower $PO_4^{3-}$-P concentrations showing negligible growth at 0 and 1.6 ${\mu}M$M. However, growth of CB-MAL21 was not affected by low $NO_3^--$ concentration in culture media, showing the nitrogen-fixing ability. Maximum biomass yields of the two clones decreased dramatically at 35 and 40$^{\circ}C$. Optimal growth conditions for the two experimental clones were determined to be 20-30$^{\circ}C$, 40 ${\mu}M$M $PO_4^{3-}$-P, and wide salinity range from 5.0 to over 30psu. Best growth of CB-MAL21 was shown at (20$^{\circ}C$-15psu), which is less saline and cooler condition than those (i.e., 30$^{\circ}C$-30psu) for the best growth of CB-MAL22. The euryhaline and nitrogen-fixing CB-MAL21 strain thus can be a candidate laboratory culture for the future cyan bacterial marine biotechnology in temperate coastal waters.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.1378-1382
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• 2013

We have investigated the complex forming behavior of cucurbit[6]urils(CB6) and cucurbit[7]urils(CB7) with 7-diethylamino-4-methylcoumarin(C460) in water. The electronic absorption maximum of C460 shows bathochromic shift with the addition of CB7 and fluorescence intensity is greatly increased, while CB6 has no noticeable effects on the spectroscopic properties of C460. It is noted that CB7 interacts more strongly with C460 than CB6 does. Fluorescence lifetime also significantly increased for the CB7 complex, which is attributed to reduced polarity surrounding C460 and/or C460 being in a restricted environment. The stoichiometry for the complex formation determined from the fluorescence titration measurement indicates that 2:1 complex in which two CB7 molecules bind to C460 is formed. Thus, two step equilibrium processes are suggested for the complex formation and the binding constants are estimated. The semi-empirical electronic structures calculations indicate that C460 is not included in the CB7 cavity but interacts noncovalently with the portal carbonyls of CB7.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.13-19
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• 2010

To investigate the differences in the quality characteristics between commercial Korean native chicken (KNC) and broiler (CB), nutritive and quality parameters of the two chicken species were determined. The KNC thigh muscle had a lower content of crude fat and higher crude ash than the CB thigh. In regards to the fatty acid composition, KNC breast muscle had a higher content of arachidonic acid (C20:4) than CB. The level of inosine was higher in the CB thigh muscle than KNC but there was little difference in other nucleotide compounds. The KNC breast had higher amounts of glycine, alanine, and proline than CB, which are closely related to high quality meat flavor. The sensory acceptance was not significantly different between the breast and thigh of KNC and CB. However, KNC had higher cohesiveness, chewiness and gumminess than CB, which are indicative of a unique texture property. Based on these results, commercial KNC may have superior nutritional quality, taste, and unique texture when compared with CB. Thus, the consumer preference for KNC may be partially explained by these distinctive quality characteristics.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.87-96
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• 2000

Generally, OPC(ordinary portland cement) is used for grouting in Korea, and bentonite has usually been added to prevent the deposition of cement particles. The dispersion of CB(cement bentonite) grout is influenced by variable factors i.e. water to cement ratio, particle size of cement, kind of bentonite, adding volume, method of adding, viscosity of CB grout materials and curdling time. Among variable factors, the viscosity of CB grout materials is influenced by the dispersion, and dispersion is improved as the speed of grout mixer increase. In this paper, the specification of construction was derived by estimating physical characteristics of CB grout materials and confirming the sate of dispersion. The results show that the engineering characteristics of CB grout materials vary with the water to cement ratio and the mixing speed.