• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.657-663
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• 2012

호소저수구역에서 수온이 침수식물체의 영양염류 용출에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위해 $5^{\circ}C$ 및 $25^{\circ}C$ 조건의 칼럼에서 이삭사초와 물억새를 침수시킨 후 COD, T-N 및 T-P 함량을 조사하였다. 이삭사초의 침수 후 60일째 COD 용출량은 $5^{\circ}C$ 조건에서 $60.4mg\;L^{-1}$이었으며, $25^{\circ}C$ 조건에서 $78.0mg\;L^{-1}$이었다. 물억새의 침수 후 60일째 COD 용출량은 $5^{\circ}C$ 조건에서 $62.5mg\;L^{-1}$이었으며, $25^{\circ}C$ 조건에서 $70.5mg\;L^{-1}$이었다. 전반적으로 이삭사초에서는 $25^{\circ}C$ 조건이 $5^{\circ}C$ 조건에서 보다 COD 용출이 급증한 시기가 초기에 나타난 반면에 물억새에서는 COD 용출이 급증하는 시기가 온도별로 서로 유사한 경향으로 나타났다. 이삭사초의 침수 후 60일째 T-N 용출량은 $5^{\circ}C$ 조건에서 $45.8mg\;L^{-1}$이었으며, $25^{\circ}C$ 조건에서 $60.0mg\;L^{-1}$이었다. 물억새의 침수 후 60일째 T-N 용출량은 $5^{\circ}C$ 조건에서 $55.7mg\;L^{-1}$이었으며, $25^{\circ}C$ 조건에서 $61.0mg\;L^{-1}$이었다. 식생 종류에 관계없이 $25^{\circ}C$ 칼럼의 T-N 용출이 급격히 증가한 시기는 $5^{\circ}C$ 칼럼에서 보다 더 빠른 시기에 나타났다. 이삭사초의 침수 후 60일째 T-P 용출량은 $5^{\circ}C$ 조건에서 $5.7mg\;L^{-1}$이었으며, $25^{\circ}C$ 조건에서 $8.7mg\;L^{-1}$이었다. 물억새의 침수 후 60일째 T-P 용출량은 $5^{\circ}C$ 조건에서 $7.1mg\;L^{-1}$이었으며 $25^{\circ}C$ 조건에서 $8.2mg\;L^{-1}$이었다. 식생 종류에 관계없이 $25^{\circ}C$ 칼럼의 T-P 용출이 급격히 증가한 시기는 $5^{\circ}C$ 칼럼에서 보다 더 빠른 시기에 나타났다. $25^{\circ}C$로 유지된 칼럼의 COD, T-N 및 T-P 용출량은 전반적으로 $5^{\circ}C$로 유지된 칼럼에 비해 높았다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제44권9호
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• pp.59-70
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 휴대 정보기기 시스템에서 더욱 향상된 실시간 3D 그래픽 가속 능력을 갖는 SoC(System on a Chip) 구현을 위해 효과적인 T&L(Transform & Lighting) Processor 구조를 연구하였다. T&L 과정에 필요한 IP들을 설계하였으며, 이를 바탕으로 SoC Platform 기반으로 검증하였다. 설계된 T&L Processor는 24 bits 부동소수점 형식과 16 bits 고정소수점 형식을 적절하게 혼용하고 계산식의 병렬성을 최대한 활용하여 Transform 과정 연산과 Lighting 과정 연산의 지연시간을 균일하게 배분하여 Transform 과정만 처리할 때와 Lighting과 혼용으로 처리할 때 연산 속도의 차이가 없이 동작이 가능하다. 설계된 T&L Processor는 SoC 플랫폼을 이용하여 성능 측정 실험 및 검증을 하였고, Xilinx-Virtex4 FPGA에서 80 MHz의 동작 주파수를 확인하였고 초당 20M개의 정점(Vertex) 처리 성능을 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.113-118
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• 1998

In this paper we study central limit theorem(C.L.T.) and law of iterated logarithm (L.I.L.) for fuzzy random variables with respect to Hausdorff distance.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.905-913
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• 2017

To enhance the zero-voltage switching (ZVS) range and power density of the phase-shift full-bridge (PSFB) ZVS converters used in geophysical exploration, an additional resonant inductor is used as a leakage inductance and a blocking capacitor which is equivalent to interlayer capacitance is integrated into a novel integrated inductor-capacitor-transformer (L-C-T). The leakage inductance and equivalent interlayer capacitance of the novel integrated L-C-T are difficult to determine by conventional methods. To address this issue, this paper presents accurate and efficient methods to compute the leakage inductance and equivalent interlayer capacitance. Moreover, the accuracy of this methodology, which is based on electromagnetic energy and Lebedev's method, is verified by an experimental analysis and a finite element analysis (FEA). Taking the problems of the novel integrated L-C-T into consideration, the losses of the integrated L-C-T are analyzed and the temperature rise of the integrated L-C-T is determined by FEA. Finally, a PSFB ZVS converter prototype with the novel integrated L-C-T is designed and tested.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.37-41
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• 2000

This study was carried out to examine the effects of Lactobacillus spp. on performance and cecal microflora in broiler chicks. Eight diets consisting of basal diet(C), C+Lactobacillus crispatus BC7 (T2), C+Lactobacillus reuteri BC9 (T3), C+L.reuteri BC5+L.crispatus BC9 (T4), C+L. reuteri BC5 (T1)+L.reuteri BC9 (T5), C+L.crispatus BC7+L.reuteri BC9 (T6) and C+L.reuteri BC5+L.crispatus BC7+L.reuteri BC9 (T7), were fed to Ross male broiler chicks for 5 weeks. The level of supplemented Lactobacillus spp. was 107 cfu/g diet. Body weight and feed intake were measured every week, and cecal microfla was counted at 1 and 5 weeks for Lactobacillus and yeast. Body weight increased signigicantly in supplemental Lactobacillus treatments from 2 weeks of age (p<0.05). Chicks in T2, T5 and T5 of treatments were heavier than those of other treatments at 5 weeks of age(p<0.05). Viability was not different significantly. Feed intake and feed conversion also were not different, although feed conversion improved slightly in supplemental Lactobacillus treatments. Lactobacillus spp. of cecal content was increased in supplemental Lactobacillus treatments at 1 week, but no significance was found. The number of yeast in cecum was not different from that of supplemental Lactobacillus. In conclusion, Lactobacillus, L.crispatus BC7 and L.reuteri BC9 from broiler cecum could contribute to the increase in body weight with supplemented mono-or mixing of di-lactobacilli. The results indicate that Lactobacillus feeding can benefit to intestinal lactobacillus at early growing broiler.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.134-139
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• 1990

The hydrogenation catalyst precursors $[(L-L)Rh(NBD)]ClO_4\;(L-L=Fe({\eta}^5-C_5H_4PBu^t\;_2)_2,\;Fe({\eta}^5-C_5H_4PPhBu^t)_2$; NBD = norbornadiene) react with $H_2(1\;atm,\;30^{\circ}C$, MeOH) to yield $[(L-L)HRh({\mu}-H)_3RhH(L-L)]ClO_4$. These hydrido species are fluxional, and variable temperature NMR studies show the existence of a number of equilibria involving both fluxional and non-fluxional species. The synthesis, solution structures, and fluxional behaviors of these hydrides are described.

• 생약학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.110-119
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• 1998

Sa-Mul-Tang(SMT) consist of Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, Paeoniae Radix Alba, Cnidii Rhizoma and Angelicae Gigantis Radix. In L1210 cells-transplanted BALB/c mice, T-lymphocyte apoptosis, $CD8^+T_C$ cells population in thymocyte and nitric oxide production in macrophage were enhanced, but phagocytic activity was decreased. SMT suppressed T-lymphocyte apoptosis and enhanced CD^4+T_H$ cells population, but did not affect nitric oxide production and phagocytic activity in L1210 cells-transplanted mice. In antitumor drugs-injected mice, T-lymphocyte apoptosis was enhanced, but $CD4^+T_H/CD8^+T_C$, cells population and T-lymphocyte proliferation were decreased. SMT suppressed T-lymphocyte apoptosis, and enhanced $CD8^+T_C$ cells population, T-lymphocyte proliferation and phagocytic activity in vincristine-injected mice. These results suggest that SMT enhances T cell-mediated immunity in L1210 cell-transplanted mice, and enhances T cell-mediated immunity and phagocytic activity in vincristine-injected mice.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제37권7호
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• pp.533-539
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• 2004

It has been reported that CLA decreases fat deposition in vivo and in vitro experiments. Among CLA isomers, c9t11 and t10c12 have been shown to exert active biological activities. For example, t10c12 reduces body weight and increases lean body mass, whereas, c9t11 has little effect on body fattness. However, the underlying molecular mechanism for the anti-obesity action of CLA isomers are not well understood. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of t10c12 and c9t11 on lipid accumulation, cell proliferation, cell death and the expression levels of Ucp genes which are proposed as targets for anti-obesity in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Isomers of CLA at 50$\mu$M were added into preadipocyte differentiation medium for 3, 6 and 9days. Control cells received only the vehicle in the differentiation medium. Cytochemical analyses for lipid accumulation, cell proliferation and apotosis were carried out to compare lipidogenesis and cellular activity. RT-PCR analysis of GAPDH, Ucp 2,3 and 4 were also performed to find any modulatory effects of CLA isomers on the metabolic genes. Lipid accumulation indicated by Oil Red-O staining was inhibited in CLA isomers as compared to the control. T10c12 isomer showed less lipidogenesis than c9t11 did. A decrease occurred in CLA isomers as shown by BrdU incorporation. Apotosis has occured at higher level in t10c12 when compared to that of t9c11. Ucp 2, 3 and 4 genes were also upregulated in CLA isomers. T10c12 showed higher level of Ucp gene expressions than the c9t11 did. The biological activities of CLA isomers were also found to be different during differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, suggesting that different isomers may be active in certain stage of lipidogenesis. The results indicate that both c9t11 and t10c12 CLA isomers decrease lipidogenesis, inhibit cell proliferation, increase cell death and upregulate in Ucp gene expressions during 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation. T10c12 isomer was more effective than c9t11 in overall anti-obesity activity.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.65-72
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• 2015

The minimum rank mr(G) of a simple graph G is defined to be the smallest possible rank over all symmetric real matrices whose (i, j)-th entry (for $i{\neq}j$) is nonzero whenever {i, j} is an edge in G and is zero otherwise. The corona $C_n{\circ}K_t$ is obtained by joining all the vertices of the complete graph $K_t$ to each n vertex of the cycle $C_n$. For any t, we obtain an upper bound of zero forcing number of $L(C_n{\circ}K_t)$, the line graph of $C_n{\circ}K_t$, and get some bounds of $mr(L(C_n{\circ}K_t))$. Specially for t = 1, 2, we have calculated $mr(L(C_n{\circ}K_t))$ by the cut-vertex reduction method.

• 태양에너지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.3-14
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• 1986

It is desirable to collect the solar thermal energy at relatively high temperature in order to minimize the size of thermal storage system and to enlarge the scope of solar thermal energy utilization. In this study, to develop a solar collector that has both advantages of collecting solar thermal energy at high temperature and fixing conveniently the collector system for long term period, a cylindrical parabolique concentrating solar collector (M.C.P.C.S.C) was designed, which has several rows of parabolique reflectors and thin thickness such as the flat-plate solar collector, maintaining the optical form of concentrating solar collector. The thermal performance of the M.C.P.C.S.C. newly designed in this study was analysed theoretically and experimentally. The results are summarized as follows: 1) prediction equation for outlet temperature, $T_o$, of heat transfer fluid and for the thermal efficiency, ${\eta}$, of the collector were derived as; o $$T_o=[C+B1_n(\frac{I_c(t)}{pv^3})]T_i$$ o $${\eta}=\frac{A}{A_c}\dot{m}[(C-1)+B1_n(E{\cdot}di^6\frac{I_c(t)}{\dot{m}^3})]\frac{T_i}{I_c(t)}$$ 2) When the insolation on the tilted solar collector surface, $I_c$, was $900-950W/m^2$ and the heat transfer fluid was not circulated in tubular absorber, the maximum temperature on the absorber surface was $100-118^{\circ}C$, this result suggested that the heat transfer fluid could be heated up to $98-116^{\circ}C$. The maximum temperature on the absorber surface was decreased with the increase of the collector shape factor, $L_p/L_w$ 3) There was a good agreement between the experimental and theoretical value of solar collector efficiency, ${\eta}$, which was proportional to the collector shape factor, $L_p/L_w$ 4) It is desirable to continue the study on the relationship between the collector shape factor, $L_p/L_w$, and the thermal efficiency of solar collector.