• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.269-273
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• 2011

본 연구는 도암댐 상류 고랭지 농업지역의 이른 봄철 융설에 의해 발생되는 비점오염 물질의 배출 특성을 규명하고자 수행하였다. 연구는 2010년 2월 중순부터 4월 말까지 수행하였다. 연구지역에서는 2009년 11월 2일부터 2010년 4월 29일까지 눈이 내렸으며, 일 최대 적설량은 2월 11일에 기록된 59.3 cm이고, 총 적설량은 372.1 cm로 나타났다. 연구결과 융설에 의해 발생되는 단위 면적당 유량은 $77.05\;m^3$/ha/day로서 겨울철 평시 유량 $26.99\;m^3$/ha/day에 비해 두배 가까이 증가하였다. 유량의 변화는 기온의 영향을 많이 받는 것으로 나타났으며, 유량의 변화는 탁도와 SS 그리고 $COD_{Mn}$의 농도 변화에 영향을 주는 것으로 조사되었다. 오염물질 항목 중 SS와 COD의 유량가중평균농도는 각각 986.0 mg/L와 16.3 mg/L로서 겨울철 평시 농도보다 크게 증가하였는데, 이는 융설시 발생한 유출수에 의해 미세한 토양입자의 유실과 함께 오염물질도 배출된 결과로 판단된다. 그러나 T-N과 T-P의 농도는 큰 변화가 없는 것으로 조사되었다. 본 연구결과에 기초할 때, 담수호 상류에 위치한 고랭지 지역에서는 겨울철 적설량이 많고 융설에 의한 수질오염 문제가 하는 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 해빙기 융설로 인해 발생되는 비점오염 물질의 정량화에 대한 연구가 체계적이고 지속적으로 수행될 필요가 있다. 특히 우리나라의 겨울철 적설량과 기온은 연도별로 많은 편차가 있고, 연구결과 다량의 오염물질이 배출되기 때문에 융설에 대한 연구는 반드시 수행되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.369-374
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• 2011

A putative maltogenic amylase gene (DGMA) was cloned from the Deinococcus geothermalis DSM 11300 genome using the polymerase chain reaction. The gene encoded 608 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 68,704 Da. The recombinant DGMA was constitutively expressed using the pHCXHD plasmid. As expected, the recombinant DGMA hydrolyzed cyclodextrins and starch to maltose and pullulan to panose by cleaving the ${\alpha}$-(1,4)-glycosidic linkages, as observed for typical maltogenic amylases. Characterization of the recombinant DGMA revealed that the highest maltogenic amylase activity occurred at $40^{\circ}C$ and pH 6.0. The half-life of catalytic activity at $65^{\circ}C$ and $55^{\circ}C$ were 8.2 min and 187.4 min, respectively. DGMA mainly hydrolyzed ${\beta}$-cyclodextrin, soluble starch, and pullulan and its efficient ratio of those substrates was 9:4.5:1.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.63 no.6
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• pp.511-514
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• 2007

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common pathogen of community-acquired pneumonia. Mycoplasma pneumonia causes upper and lower respiratory tract symptoms in all age groups, with the highest attack rates in subjects 5 to 20 years old. In patients with mycoplasma pneumonia, the most common radiographic findings may be reticulonodular or interstitial infiltration, which have a predilection for the lower lobes. Findings that show lung collapse on a chest X-ray are very rare. We report a case of mycoplasma pneumonia that showed right upper lobe collapse.

• Journal of Information Display
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.28-33
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• 2004

A high voltage NMOSFET is proposed to drive top emission organic light emitting device (OLED) used in the organic electroluminescent (EL) display on the single crystal silicon substrate. The high voltage NMOSFET can be fabricated by utilizing a simple layout technique with a standard CMOS logic process. It is clearly shown that the maximum supply voltage ($V_{DD}$) required for the pixel-driving transistor could reach 45 V through analytic and experimental methods. The high voltage NMOSFET was fabricated by using a standard 1.5 ${\mu}m$, 5 V CMOS logic process. From the measurements, we confirmed that the high voltage NMOSFET could sustain the excellent saturation characteristic up to 50 V without breakdown phenomena.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.31 no.11
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• pp.3309-3312
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• 2010

D-[$^{18}F$]FMAU and L-[$^{18}F$]FMAU are F-18 labeled nucleoside analogue which have been efficiently synthesized in order to be a PET imaging probe. D-[$^{18}F$]FMAU and L-[$^{18}F$]FMAU were compared as PET imaging agents using HSV1-TK gene expressing tumor-bearing mice. Their cellular uptake profiles were also compared using MCA and MCA-TK cell lines. D-[$^{18}F$]FMAU demonstrated higher cellular uptake and higher accumulation in MCA-TK tumor regions than L-[$^{18}F$]FMAU. On the other hand, L-[$^{18}F$]FMAU showed higher MCA-TK/MCA ratio of %ID/g than that of D-[$^{18}F$]FMAU. L-[$^{18}F$]FMAU can be utilized as a good candidate for HSV1-TK PET imaging. It can be used for antiviral drug evaluation.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.253-264
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• 1988

Our experience of neutron noise analysis in French-type 900 MWe pressurized water reactor (PWR) is presented. Neutron noise analysis is based on the technique of interpreting the signal fluctuations of ex-core detectors caused by core reactivity changes and neutron attenuation due to lateral core motion. It also provides advantages over deterministic dynamic-testing techniques because existing plant instrumentation can be utilized and normal operation of the plant is not disturbed. The data of this paper were obtained in the ULJIN unit 1 reactor during the start-up test period and the statistical descriptors, useful for our purpose, are power spectral density (PSD), coherence function (CF), and phase difference between detectors. It is found that core support barrel (CSB) motions induced by coolant flow forces and pressure pulsations in a reactor vessel were indentified around 8 Hz of frequency.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.411-419
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• 2018

This study investigated the survival rates and physiological responses of Korean rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli, in live fish containers ($8^{\circ}C$, 33 psu) for 18 days. The survival rate was 99% and 97% in the control and experimental groups, respectively. Hematocrit and hemoglobin did not differ significantly between the control and experimental groups. Glucose and cortisol rose immediately on the first day of containment, but both gradually normalized. Aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase did not differ significantly between the two groups after recovery. $NH_3$ continued to rise after the first day, but decreased to a level not significantly different from that of the control group during the recovery period. Plasma ions and osmolality did not change abnormally. The hemocyte population was not significantly different from that of the control. The ratios of apoptotic and necrotic cells indicated no specific variation in hemocyte viability. The histological changes in the skin and gills were not significantly different from those seen in the control. The experimental data obtained in this study suggest that live fish containers may be used to transport Korean rockfish without significantly affecting their physiology or survival.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.618-627
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• 2004

Purpose: To investigate the dental health status of kindergarten children according to their oral health behavior. Method: The subjects were 172 kindergarten children aged 5. A structured questionnaire was used for dental health behavior and oral health status were examined by dentist and bacteria in salivary. Result: 1. Mean score of oral health behavior of children was 4.69 points (SD1.65) with the highest score being 13. No significant differences were observed according to sex, except using tooth paste. A total 71.5% of subjects brushed their tooth twice a day, 9.9% of them once a day, 18.6% of them three times a day, 19.2% of children brushed their teeth after breakfast and lunch, 89.5% of then after dinner, 5.8% of them before going to bed, 18.6% of children brushed correctly, 79.7% of them used tooth paste with fluorine, 3.5% of them regularly examined oral cavity, 84.4% of them took cariogenic food without any restrain, 67.1% of them were observed with oral cavity by their mother. 2. Streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli in the saliva was $3.66({\times}106CFU/m{\ell})\;and\;1.05({\times}103CFU/m{\ell})$, respectively. No significant differences were observed according to sex, while lactobacilli were significantly lower in those children who had regular dental examinations. 3. The index of plaque was 1.56 and the boys were significantly higher than the girls. The mean dft was 4.99. No significant differences were observed according to sex, while the children whose oral cavity was observed regular were significantly lower than those who were not observed. Conclusion: As a whole the practice of oral health behavior of the kindergarten children was poor, and regular dental examinations and oral cavity observations affect their dental health status. These results suggest that intensive dental health education was needed not only for the pre-school children but also their parents and teachers.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.685-690
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• 1999

The pollution characteristics of groundwaters in Taegu City and correlation coefficients(r) between water pollution indicators were investigated for two years from January 1996 to December 1997. Volatile organic compounds such as TCE(tri-chloroethylene), PCE(tetrachloroethylene), l,l,l-trichloroethane, THM(trihalo-methane), dichloromethane, pesticides such as diazinon, parathion, malathion, and toxic inoganic matters such as As, Hg, Se, Pb, Cd, $Cr_6^+,$ CN were not detected in the groundwaters. Mean values of groundwater pollution indicators were below drinking-water standards, but hardness, $KMnO_4-C(potassium$ permanganate consumption), evaporate residues, $SO_4^{-2},\;Fe,\;NO_3^{-}-N,$ color and turbidity exceeded a little in some samples. As groundwater became deeper, hardness and evaporate residues remarkably increased, but $KMnO_4-C,\;NO_3^{-}-N,\;Cl-,$ color, turbity and bacteria decreased. $KMnO_4-C,$ evaporate residues, $Cl^-\;and\;SO_4^{-2}$ were very high at industrial and commercial areas, and $NO_3^--N$ and $NH_4^+-N$ were very high at agricultural and forest areas. It showed high positive significances in the relationships between hardness and each of evaporate residues, $SO_4^{-2}$, Zn and Mn, $KMnO_4-C$ and each of color, turbidity and Zn, color and each of turbidity, Cu, Zn and Mn, turbidity and each of Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn, and evaporate residues and each of $Cl^-,\;SO_4^{-2}$ and Zn.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.5-8
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• 2006

This study investigates the field application, Songdo the # 1st WORLD, on zero-crack construction of the fundamental mass concrete using double bubble sheets and applying low heat mixture. Experimental results of hydration heat analysis showed that crack modulus of concrete incorporating 20% of blast furnace slag cement was 1.0 in 120 hours, representing 50% probability of crack occurrence, thus requiring additional measures. As for a curing method, a specimen insulating two layers of vinyl chloride+double bubble sheets exhibited only $16.5^{\circ}C$ difference between upper and lower sections, and it also showed favorable workability as well as competitive economic side. Therefore it was determined to use it for curing method in this field. For the curing results of practical field, using 2 layers of vinyl chloride+double bubble sheets and applying low heat mixture on the fundamental mass concrete in 3A residential building exhibited less than only $15^{\circ}C$ difference between surface and center section of that in 5 days elapse and less than $20^{\circ}C$ in 9 days. This means that the crack by hydration heat was prevented, and other fields structures also resisted the plastic shrinkage by insulating the vinyl, sinking crack by second temping, even drying shrinkage by the mixture of low unit water. Therefore the crack on the placement has not been found so far, since the construction was started before 6 month.