• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1993.07a
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• pp.174-176
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• 1993

Laying up homogeneous power cable in the earth. we sure that one of the most effectest fact is the rising of thermal resistivity. Today, system designing of in and outdoor project, calculating current carrying capacity totally depend on standard of JCS-168D and IEC-287 to applicate. Specially, the formula of calculating soil thermal resistivity is what is based on KENELLY,s is usually used. In this report, Let's study the formula of soil thermal resistivity which was born in the idea of KENELLY.

• Mycobiology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.105-112
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• 2003

Sclerotia of Grifola umbellata were cultivated by two methods such as burying and root inoculation methods. The sclerotia of G. umbellata produced by the burying method were $6.0{\sim}6.8{\times}3.4{\sim}4.6{\times}1.8{\sim}1.9cm$(Width$\times$Length$\times$Thickness) in size and $17.3{\sim}19.6g$ in weight, respectively. Their increase rate was $1.10{\times}1.12$ times. On the other hand, the sclerotia cultivated by the root inoculation method were $18.3{\sim}31.5{\times}12.5{\sim}26.4{\times}3.1{\sim}3.7cm(W{\times}L{\times}T)$ in size and $219.1{\sim}576.6g$ in weight, respectively. Their growth increment was $11.18{\sim}39.77$ times. The rhizomorphs of Armillaria mellea were developed with a high density under fallen leaves layer covering cultivation site, and distributed mainly between soil surface and soil depth of about 10 cm as well as colonized prominently on the inoculated wood logs. Fungal interaction between G. umbellata and A. mellea were observed mainly in the stage of white sclerotium of G. umbellata. The sclerotia of G. umbellata which were developed newly and harvested in the root inoculation method were twined with root hairs of host tree and rhizomorphs of A. mellea. The sclerotia of G. umbellata decomposing root hairs of host tree were confirmed through SEM examination. Physiochemical characteristics of soil in all cultivation sites had no significant differences. Soil pH were in the range of pH $3.98{\sim}4.40$. Organic matters were the range of $17.97{\sim}23.86%$ and moisture contents of soil were $12.00{\sim}18.20%$. Soil temperatures showed $12.9{\sim}13.8^{\circ}C$ in November and $22.0{\sim}23.9^{\circ}C$ in August, respectively. In conclusion, the root inoculation method seems to be a practical method for cultivating sclerotia of G. umbellata due to its many advantages such as simplicity of inoculation process, shortening of cultivation periods and facility of harvest.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.85 no.3
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• pp.439-442
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• 1996

In this study, we tried to figure out the ecology of Masakimyia pustulae Yukawa et Sunose which attacts evergreen euonymus and results in scenic damage caused by early falling of leaves and may increase the susceptibility for anthrocnose. In addition, we tried to develope a method for the control of the insect to prevent spreading of the damage by use of insecticide. The results obtained from the study were as follows : 1. Masakimyia pustulae emerged from late April to late May at Chuncheon area. Average length of the adult insects was $1.88{\pm}0.43mm$, and the life span of them reached about 11 hours. The sex ratio of the insect was 56 : 44(female : male), and they ovipositied $90{\pm}28$ eggs. The shape of eggs was oval with average length $0.32{\pm}0.013mm$. The length of larvae averaged $1.64{\pm}0.25mm$ and started pupation from mid-March, which took about 40~50 days, although there was variance due to temperature variation in each spring. 2. The 3% powder of carbofuran treatment by burying $200g/m^3$ of the insecticide around the damaged tree during mid-March with additional burying about a week after pupation showed good result for the control of the insect, which resulted in more than 96.2% removal of the insects.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.269-272
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• 2017

We developed a log-burying cultivation technique for Grifola frondosa using oak logs and surveyed its annual yield characteristics. As a result of G. frondosa log cultivation, the harvesting period of the 'Yipsae1ho' cultivar was delayed by approximately 10-15 days compared to that of the Dabak cultivar, and the fruit color of the 'Yipsae1ho' cultivar was dark brown, while that of the 'Dabak' cultivar was grayish brown. Yield of the 'Yipsae1ho' cultivar was $16.0 kg/m^2$ in the first year, $15.4kg/m^2$ in the second year, $9.5 kg/m^2$ in the third year, $4.6 kg/m^2$ in the fourth year, and $4.6kg/m^2$ in the fifth year, while yield of the 'Dabak' cultivar was $12.3kg/m^2$ in the first year, $11.5kg/m^2$ in the second year, $12.7kg/m^2$ in the third year, $6.2 kg/m^2$ in the fourth year, and $8.2kg/m^2$ in the fifth year. Total yield of the 'Yipsae1ho' cultivar ($50.0 kg/m^2$) was slightly lower than that of the 'Dabak' cultivar ($50.8kg/m^2$). The optimum period for log-burying cultivation of Grifola frondosa is estimated to be 3 years.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.119-166
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• 2019

The risk of electromagnetic field(EMF) from power lines has been heavily disputed whenever high-voltage power line towers were built in South Korea. Local communities and civic groups had regarded burying the lines in the ground as an alternative to building power line towers. In 2014, however, when an elementary school science teacher reported the results of EMF measurements over the underground power lines to the Asian Citizens' Center for Environment and Health (ACCEH), the risk controversy over underground power lines took a whole new turn. The level of EMF from underground power lines turned out to be higher, and therefore more harmful than that from power line towers. In the debates that took place from then on over the EMF risk, ACCEH and NIER(National Institute of Environmental Research) presented conflicting topographies of EMF risk. This paper examines measuring practices of ACCEH and NIER by analyzing the measuring sites, measuring devices, and measuring heights chosen by each organization. This paper further examines how ACCEH and NIER mobilized various standards(EMF exposure limit, measurement guideline, categorization of carcinogens) differently. This controversy on the EMF from underground power lines of Seoul has raised concerns on the non-thermal effects of EMF in the long-term exposure and has led people to question whether burying the power lines is the safe alternative to building power line towers. Furthermore, this suggests conflicting answers on whether Seoul, where 90 % of transmission lines were already buried, is a safely managed place or not.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.68-75
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• 2006

The total production of the smelted copper reaches 450,000 tons per year, and the production of copper-related goods grows year by year owing to the extension of facilities and the development of production techniques. On the other hand, the volume of slag discharges by-produced at the time of copper smelting process is also on trend of increase. The by-produced copper smelting slag amounts to 700,000 tons a year, which is one and half times of the total smelted copper production. Accordingly nobody disagrees that comprehensive researches on how to deal with and how to reuse the accumulated smelting copper slag have to be encouraged. Even though the possible uses of the copper smelting slag have being made on various levels at present as materials for iron powder cement, sand-blasting and fire-proofing rock wool, but a considerable volume of the slag is abandoned as unnecessary by burying or piling up in careless in the open ground.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.92-96
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• 1999

Neuroma is formed by abnormal, incomplete nerve regeneration after nerve injury. A painful neuroma in the hand can be psychologically and physically disabling. The goal of treating painful neuroma is to relieve pain and to restore nerve function. A numerous treatment modality was reported for alleviating the problem. These treatments include crushing the neuroma, ligating it, burying in soft tissue, bone, and muscle, injecting it with alcohol, phenol, and steroid, capping it with silicone cuff. But, none of these methods has been uniformly successful, although each has its advocates. No one technique reliably prevents formation of a painful neuroma. However, the principles of treatment is resection of neuroma and proximal stump of the nerve is transposed to appropriate adjacent tissue. Our current technique was resection of neuroma with partial normal neural tissue, and then the nerve ending was transposed and sutured to the side of the proximal stump with 10-0 nylon, so end-to-side neurorrhaphy was made. The nerve ending had to be placed and fixed into the proximal nerve epineurium like as a figure of a loop. We believe this technique is another useful method for the treatment of painful neuroma.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.313-318
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• 2006

The main cause of natural disaster in Korea is meteorological phenomenon, such as typhoon, heavy rain, storm, rainstorm, heavy snow, hailstorm, overflowing of sea and so on(including thunderstroke, blast, snow damage, freezing and earthquake), and among those disasters, heavy rain takes place most often, and it occupies 80% of total disaster Especially, disaster related to slope collapse (landslide, collapse of retaining wall, burying ect.) takes place every year due to meteorological cause such as localized heavy rain, which is getting stronger. (National Institute for Prevention Disaster, 2002, Meteorological Administration) Accordingly, it is necessary to analyze the features of slope collapse related to natural disaster in Korea, and also to make up counterplan to prevent disaster. This paper will try to analyze potential areas which are susceptible to landslide regarding factors inducing landslide and heavy rain, and to evaluate the potentiality of landslide regarding local particularity of rainfall, furthermore to provide essential information for development of community such as preventing damages from landslide, construction Industry, and effective use of land.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.79-87
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• 2012

Currently, The method to produce a brewing body for dentistry supplementation water produces a brewing body by fabrication, burying and it is heat wish in city gas and oxygen. It uses an original judgment found airplane the brewing body uses a spring of the back wait that melting temperature dissolved various alloys in by a blow pipe, and to generate centrifugal force and produces it. In addition, because it uses preheating to dissolve an alloy in general, it is hard to regulate the appropriate melting temperature of the alloy and brewing time and generates a brewing defect hereby same as gas industry and pinhole and shows the defect of the supplementation thing due to the super-heating. In this paper, We developed the high induction heating system which it could set brewing time,temperature and had durability and security,by the kind of the alloy to produce a high quality prosthetic thing brewing body.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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• v.51 no.9
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• pp.474-481
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• 2002

Sheath circulating current is increased in the change of sheath mutual impedance which is caused by unbalanced cable system, and different section length between joint boxes. If excessive current flows in sheath, sheath loss which is reduced the transmission capacity is produced. Recently, excessive sheath circulating current was partially measured in underground cable systems of KEPCO. Accordingly, actual schemes to reduce excessive sheath circulating current are urgently required for installed cable system as well as newly-installing cable systems. This paper describes the relation analysis of sheath circulating current and burying types. And also, various schemes to reduce excessive circulating current using EMTP/ATPDraw and applicable schemes are proposed through a detailed analysis regarding cable systems by considering various electrical and environmental factors. It is evaluated that the proposed reduction schemes can be effectively applied to reduce the excessive sheath circulating current with the minimized electrical problems. And reduction effect is Proved with sheath circulating current reduction equipment.