• Journal of the Korean Society for Geothermal and Hydrothermal Energy
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.45-57
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• 2022

The Ministry of National Defense of the Republic of Korea is showing a lot of interest in net zero-energy buildings (NZEBs) to reduce energy consumption of military facilities and to promote green growth policy in military sector. The application of building passive technologies and renewable energies is essential to achieving NZEBs. This paper analyzed energy performance and energy cost on the conventional heating and cooling system (baseline scenario) and three different alternative scenarios (ALT 1, ALT 2 and ALT 3) applied in a hypothetical military building. A building modeling and simulation software (DesignBuilder V6.1) with EnergyPlus calculation engine was used to calculate the energy consumption for each scenario. Overall, when the GSHPs are applied to both space airconditioning and domestic hot water (DHW) production, Alt-2 and Alt-3, the amount of energy consumption for target building can be greatly reduced. In addition, when the building envelope performance is increased like Alt-3, the energy consumption can be further reduced. The annual energy cost analysis showed that the baseline was approximately 161 million KRW, while Alt-3 was approximately 33 million KRW. Therefore, it was analyzed that the initial construction cost increase could be recovered within about 6.7 years for ALT 3. The results of this study can help decision-makers to determine the optimal strategy for implementing GSHP systems in military buildings through energy performance and initial construction cost assessment.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.97-102
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• 2013

Many countries over the world have acknowledged the global warming problem by greenhouse gas emission and tried to solve the problem. The Korean government has also taken many actions such as The Act on Low Carbon, Green Growth and on Promoting Green Building in that architectural building section takes 1/4 of national greenhouse gas emission. Under the situation that buildings constructed 15 years ago when insulation standards were reinforced take about 74%, The Plan on Vitalizing Green Remodeling, finally established on July 2013, will induce energy-efficient remodeling of deteriorated buildings. Using the energy simulation by the Visual DOE 4.0 program, this paper proposed the ways of energy-efficient remodeling of deteriorated high school buildings by measuring energy saving performance of factors that were drawn from the previous study. The factors considered are insulation, window's SHGC, south louver, system efficiency, and indoor setting temperature. Among them, all factors except SHGC proved contribution to reducing energy use at deteriorated high school buildings, compared with the baseline energy consumption.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.567-573
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• 2015

Commercial buildings account for significant portions of the total building energy in Korea, and thus, a variety of research on chiller operation has been carried out. However, most of the studies were carried out on the chiller itself, i.e., the part load ratio characteristics and the corresponding electricity energy consumption patterns were not analyzed in existing studies. In this study, the part load ratio and the operating characteristics of the vapor compression chiller were analyzed within an office building equipped with the conventional variable air volume system. As a result, significant portions of total operating hours, cooling load, and energy consumption turned out to be in the part load ratio range of 0 through 50%. Thus, energy consumption was significantly affected by the chiller COP at low part load conditions, indicating that chiller operation at the part load is an important factor in commercial buildings.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.301-307
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• 2022

Energy consumption has grown alongside dramatic population increases. Statistics show that buildings in particular utilize a significant amount of energy, worldwide. Because of this, building energy prediction is crucial to best optimize utilities' energy plans and also create a predictive model for consumers. To improve energy prediction performance, this paper proposes a ResNet-LSTM model that combines residual networks (ResNets) and long short-term memory (LSTM) for energy consumption prediction. ResNets are utilized to extract complex and rich features, while LSTM has the ability to learn temporal correlation; the dense layer is used as a regression to forecast energy consumption. To make our model more robust, we employed Huber loss during the optimization process. Huber loss obtains high efficiency by handling minor errors quadratically. It also takes the absolute error for large errors to increase robustness. This makes our model less sensitive to outlier data. Our proposed system was trained on historical data to forecast energy consumption for different time series. To evaluate our proposed model, we compared our model's performance with several popular machine learning and deep learning methods such as linear regression, neural networks, decision tree, and convolutional neural networks, etc. The results show that our proposed model predicted energy consumption most accurately.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.27 no.9
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• pp.455-462
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• 2015

Residential buildings account for a significant portion of the total building-energy usage in Korea, and a variety of research studies on the domestic boiler have therefore been carried out; however, most of these studies examined the boiler itself, whereby the part-load ratio characteristics and the corresponding gas-energy consumption patterns were not analyzed. In this study, the part-load ratio and operating characteristics of a domestic gas boiler were analyzed within a residential building equipped with a radiant floor-heating system; in addition, the energy consumption between condensing and conventional boilers was comparatively analyzed. Our results show that significant portions of the total operating hours, heating load, and energy consumption are in the part-load ratio range of 0 through 40%, whereby the energy consumption was significantly affected by the boiler efficiency under low part-load conditions. These results indicate that the part-load operation of a boiler is an important factor in residential buildings; furthermore, replacing a conventional boiler with a condensing boiler can reduce annual gas-energy usage by more than 20%.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.426-432
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• 2022

HVAC systems play a critical role in reducing energy consumption in buildings. Integrating occupants' thermal comfort evaluation into HVAC control strategies is believed to reduce building energy consumption while minimizing their thermal discomfort. Advanced technologies, such as visual sensors and deep learning, enable the recognition of occupants' discomfort-related actions, thus making it possible to estimate their thermal discomfort. Unfortunately, it remains unclear how accurate a deep learning-based classifier is to recognize occupants' discomfort-related actions in a working environment. Therefore, this research evaluates the classification performance of occupants' discomfort-related actions while sitting at a computer desk. To achieve this objective, this study collected RGB video data on nine college students' cold discomfort-related actions and then trained a deep learning-based classifier using the collected data. The classification results are threefold. First, the trained classifier has an average accuracy of 93.9% for classifying six cold discomfort-related actions. Second, each discomfort-related action is recognized with more than 85% accuracy. Third, classification errors are mostly observed among similar discomfort-related actions. These results indicate that using human action data will enable facility managers to estimate occupants' thermal discomfort and, in turn, adjust the operational settings of HVAC systems to improve the energy efficiency of buildings in conjunction with their thermal comfort levels.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.51-62
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• 2014

PURPOSES: This research is a basic study for application method in korea of energy harvesting technology, and it is a research to find out the direction of architectural planning through analyzing cases of interseasonal heat transfer system applied buildings. METHODS : In this paper authors investigate application necessity of energy harvesting technology, we analyzed energy use status of building section through analyzing domestic energy consumption status and analyzed domestic renewable energy generation potential. Also we study the features of energy harvesting technology, interseasonal heat transfer system, and case study on interseasonal heat transfer system applied buildings. RESULTS : On the basis of case study on interseasonal heat transfer system applied buildings, we analyzed feasibility study and classified into four sections(economic, environment, design, applicability), and suggested directions of architectural planning. CONCLUSIONS: Economic renewable energy for public and commercial buildings(hospitals, offices, schools, factories) can be provided effectively using Interseasonal Heat Transfer.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.69-74
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• 2020

Since the design Standard for Energy Conservation in Building was implemented in 2008 for the first time, building elements such as window and door should satisfy the minimum criteria to apply for a building. Though its regulation does not cover the whole building yet, recent demand to reduce energy consumption in building sector grows rapidly year by year and also draws a lot of interest to ensure the whole building level. For example, a Zero energy building, one of low-energy buildings, requires a customized solution to resolve the air leakage issue to meet the standards in achieving the high level of air tightness. In this study, six non-residential buildings were tested by fan pressurization method to observe the air tightness of whole building to suggest the construction guideline for air tightness of low-energy building. Five out of six tested buildings showed 0.27 to 1.16 h^-1 of number of air changes except one community center. These buildings were carefully constructed not only for building planning but also for parts where there was a concern of air leakage, thereby securing high levels of air-tightness. The construction skills were developed as a checklist to manage and supervise the construction site. It is our suggestion to use this checklist at construction sites for ZEB with the high level of air-tightness.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.25 no.6_3
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• pp.1135-1145
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• 2022

Due to increase in concerns related to the climate change, state-wide promotion of the carbon neutrality has been in progress thus far. Smart City could be one of the measures as the initiative to mitigate the missions process. The primary purpose of Smart City can be summarized to be maximization of the social net-beneift to be returned for the local citizens and derivation of the optimal pattern of the energy consumption could belong to one of the elements included in the net-benefit. Currently, the energy consumption by the buildings has been determined to be responsible for the greatest consumption among the sectors considered to be energy-intensive. Moreover, considering the fact that the consumption by operations of HVAC is responsible for nearly 40% in the commercial buildings, it is virtually not possible to optimize schedules for the energy consumption with considerable deliverables from the perspective of the urban planners. Thus, the methods to implement the optimal schedules for the HVAC commissioned with the OHUs were concluded to be the suitable candidate resources for the simulation by EnergyPlus capable of monitoring the thermal changes in each subject space in the present research.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.706-711
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• 2009

Energy shortage and environmental pollution caused by fossil fuels are very serious problem. Especially buildings have consumed more and more energy, and buildings are spend up to 25% of total energy consumption. So we should prepare alternatives to save energy in buildings. In apartment houses, The efficiency of thermal insulators and window glasses is very important to curtail heating energy. In this study, the energy rating of Apartment building is evaluated by applying various thermal insulators and window glasses.