• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2017

본 논문에서는 TCP 연결 및 TFRC 연결이 하나의 병목 링크를 공유하는 네트워크에서 패킷 전송시 에러가 발생하는 경우 TCP 및 TFRC의 정상상태 동작을 해석한다. 먼저 네트워크를 TCP 연결 및 TFRC 연결이 공존하는 이산시간 시스템으로 모델화한다. 두 번째 패킷 손실이 있다는 가정 하에 송신측과 수신측 사이의 패킷의 평균 라운드 트립 시간을 계산한다. 그리고 제시한 네트워크 모델을 이용하여 정상상태의 TCP 연결 및 TFRC 연결의 스루풋, RED 라우터의 평균 큐 길이를 계산한다. 계산결과 TCP 및 TFRC 연결의 스루풋은 송신측의 윈도우 개수가 증가할수록, 전송용량이 높을수록 급격히 감소하지만 송신측 윈도우 개수가 일정 수준을 넘어가면 완만하게 감소하고 있다. RED 라우터의 평균 큐 길이는 전송속도가 저속이면 완만하게 증가하고 있으나 전송속도가 빨라지면 급격하게 증가하고 있다.

• 폴리머
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.424-429
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• 2010

졸-젤법을 이용한 실리카를 지방족 폴리에스테르 주사슬에 가교구조로 도입한 하이브리드 복합재료를 합성하여 열전소자의 버퍼코트층으로의 적용가능성을 검토하였다. 고분자 기지로 사용된 폴리에스테르는 $240^{\circ}C$의 고온에서 열처리 시간에 따라 $30{\sim}90^{\circ}C$ 정도 열분해개시 온도가 증가하였고, 폴리에스테르-실리카 복합재료는 실리카의 첨가 비율에 따라 $30{\sim}50^{\circ}C$ 정도 열분해 개시온도가 증가하였다. 폴리에스테르-실리카 복합재료는 실리카가 Knoevenagel 축합반응을 방해하는 요소로 작용하여 폴리에스테르에 비해 열처리후에도 변색이 일어나지 않았고, 광학특성 변화가 작았다. 이들 복합재료의 열전도도는 실리카의 첨가량에 따라 선형적으로 증대되었다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제31권12호
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• pp.1429-1436
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• 1994

We have prepared Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 thin films on Si substrate without buffer layer. Deposition was carried out by off-axis rf magnetron sputtering method using Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 stoichiometric target. The substrate temperature was changed from 40$0^{\circ}C$ to $700^{\circ}C$ during deposition. As the substrate temperature increased, relative intensity of (110) peak increased up to $600^{\circ}C$, however preferred orientation changed from (110) to (h00) beyond $650^{\circ}C$ of substrate temperature. Deposited films showed microstructures with fine grains whose diameters are less than 100 nm, and columnar structure was observed in the cross-sectional SEM micrograph. AES depth profile showed no significant diffusion at the interfacial reaction area. The effective dielectric constant of films showed maximum value at $600^{\circ}C$, and the leakage current increased with increasing substrate temperature, which may be ascribed to the crystallization of amorphous phases at grain boundary.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2010년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.247-247
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• 2010

CdTe는 최근 적외선 검출기 개발에 응용하기 위해 활발한 연구가 진행 중인데 이는 HgCdTe(MCT)와 격자 불일치가 0.3% 이하로 대구경 단결정 MCT박막 제작이 용이하기 때문이다. 본 연구에서는 MBE 공정으로 GaAs 물질이 완충층으로 증착된 Si(100)기판을 사용하여 CdTe 물질과 Si기판간의 격자 불일치를 줄여 대면적 CdTe 단결정 박막을 얻고자 완충층의 두께별 결정성 및 표면 특성을 보았다. CdTe 박막의 증착은 Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition system (MOCVD)를 이용하였고 실험결과 2nm의 GaAs 완충층이 사용된 박막에서 단결정 CdTe(400) 박막이 성장 되었으며, GaAs 완충층의 두께가 증가 함에 따라 $1{\mu}m$ 완충층에서는 다결정 박막이 성장 되었다. 본 연구결과는 Si 기판에 성장된 단결정 CdTe층을 이용 대면적 HgCdTe웨이퍼의 제조에 널리 이용 될 수 있으리라 여겨진다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집 Vol.21
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• pp.424-424
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• 2008

Dye-sensitized Solar Cell (DSC) is a new type of solar cell by using photocatalytic properties of $TiO_2$. The electric potential distribution in DSCs has played a major role in the operation of such cells. Models based on a built-in electric field which sets the upper limit for the open circuit voltage(Voc) and/or the possibility of a Schottky barrier at the interface between the mesoporous wide band gap semiconductor and the transparent conducting substrate have been presented. $TiO_2$ thin films were deposited on the FTO substrate by Nd:YAG Pulsed Laser Deposition(PLD) at room temperature and post-deposition annealing at $500^{\circ}C$ in flowing $O_2$ atmosphere for 1 hour. The structural properties of $TiO_2$ thin films have investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD) and atomic force microscope(AFM). Thickness of $TiO_2$ thin films were controlled deference deposition time and measurement by scanning electron microscope(SEM). Then we manufactured a DSC unit cells and I-V and efficiency were tested using solar simulator.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.66-79
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• 2008

Several oxides have recently been reported to have resistance-switching characteristics for nonvolatile memory (NVM) applications. Both binary and ternary oxides demonstrated great potential as resistive-switching memory elements. However, the switching mechanisms have not yet been clearly understood, and the uniformity and reproducibility of devices have not been sufficient for gigabit-NVM applications. The primary requirements for oxides in memory applications are scalability, fast switching speed, good memory retention, a reasonable resistive window, and constant working voltage. In this paper, we discuss several materials that are resistive-switching elements and also focus on their switching mechanisms. We evaluated non-stoichiometric polycrystalline oxides ($Nb_2O_5$, and $ZrO_x$) and subsequently the resistive switching of $Cu_xO$ and heavily Cu-doped $MoO_x$ film for their compatibility with modem transistor-process cycles. Single-crystalline Nb-doped $SrTiO_3$ (NbSTO) was also investigated, and we found a Pt/single-crystal NbSTO Schottky junction had excellent memory characteristics. Epitaxial NbSTO film was grown on an Si substrate using conducting TiN as a buffer layer to introduce single-crystal NbSTO into the CMOS process and preserve its excellent electrical characteristics.

• Environmental Sciences Bulletin of The Korean Environmental Sciences Society
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.139-148
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• 2000

A mass balance/photochemical modeling approach was used to evaluate the sea-to-air dimethyl sulfide (DMS) fluxes in tropical regions and part of the Southern Ocean. The flux determinations were based on 10 airborne observations by ACE 1 transit flights (i.e., Flights 4-9 and 29-32). The DMS flux values for the tropical regions ranged from 1.0 to 7.4 $\mu$mole/$m^2$/day with an average estimate of 4.2$\pm$2.3 $\mu$mole/$m^2$/day. The seasonal variations in the DMS flux predicted for the equatorial Pacific Ocean based on atmospheric DMS measurements were not entirely consistent with those derived from seawater DMS measurements were not entirely consistent with those derived from seawater DMS measurements reported in previous literature. Inhomogeneities in the DMS flux field were found to cause significant shifts in the atmospheric DMS levels even in the same sampling location. Accordingly, no definitive statement can be made at this stage regarding systematic differences or agreements in the DMS flux estimates from the two approaches. Moreover, this study strongly suggests that DMS oxidation is the most likely dominant source of SO$_2$in tropical regions, which is also supported by another set of compiled observations. Finally, these SO$_2$observations indicate that, when significant data was available for both the boundary and buffer layers, the vertical SO$_2$gradient between these two zones was primarily negative.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.885-892
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• 2011

In this study, LCA(Life Cycle Assessment) on 'Saemangum CSO Project' was carried out to evaluate environmental impact which occurred during the construction and operation periods and the potential environmental impact reduction was analyzed by comparing production and reduction level of pollution loads. LCA was conducted out according to the procedure of ISO14040 which suggested Goal and Scope Definition, Life Cycle Inventory Analysis, Life Cycle Impact Assessment and Interpretation. In the Goal and Scope Definition, the functional unit was 1 m3 of CSO, the system boundary was construction and operation phases, and the operation period was 20 years. For the data collection and inventory analysis, input energies and materials from civil, architecture, mechanical and electric fields are collected from design sheet but the landscape architecture field is excepted. LCIA(Life Cycle Impact Assessment) was performed following the procedure of Eco-Labelling Type III under 6 categories which were resource depletion, eutrophication, global warming, ozone-layer destruction, and photochemical oxide formation. In the result of LCA, 83.4% of environmental impact occurred in the construction phase and 16.6% in the operation phase. Especially 78% of environmental impact occurred in civil works. The Global warming category showed the highest contribution level in the environmental impact categories. For the analysis on potential environmental impact reduction, the reduction and increased of environmental impact which occurred on construction and operation phases were compared. In the case of considering only the operation phase, the result of the comparison showed that 78% of environmental impact is reduced. On the other hand, when considering both the construction and operation phases, 50% of environmental impact is increase. Therefore, this study showed that eco-friendly material and construction method should be used for reduction of environmental impact during life cycle, and it is strongly necessary to develop technology and skills to reduce environmental impact such as renewable energies.

• 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회 2003년도 기술심포지움 논문집
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• pp.221-225
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• 2003

The MFIS-FET(Field Effect Transistor) devices using $BLT/Y_2O_3$ buffer layer on p-Si(100) substrates were fabricated by the Sol-Gel method and conventional memory processes. The crystal structure, morphologies and electrical properties of prepared devices were investigated by using various measuring techniques. From the C-V(capacitance-voltage) data at 5V, the memory window voltage of the $Pt/BLT/Y_2O_3/si$ structure decreased from 1.4V to 0.6V with increasing the annealing temperature from $700^{\circ}C\;to\;750^{\circ}C$. The drain current (Ic) as a function of gate voltages $(V_G)$ for the $MFIS(Pt/BLT/Y_2O_3/Si(100))-FET$ devices at gate voltages $(V_G)$ of 3V, 4V and 5V, the memory window voltages increased from 0.3V to 0.8V as $V_G$ increased from 3V to 5V.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.105-111
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• 2008

패킷 오버헤드 감소, 경로최적화, 핸드오프지연 그리고 핸드오프에 따른 신호량의 감소를 위해 이동망들에 대한 이동성 지원이 중요하다. MIPv6와 HMIPv6은 접근망에 관계없이 이동성을 제공하는 이동성관리프로토콜이다. 그러나 이들 기법은 핸드오프 발생으로 인하여 통신 품질이 크게 악화된다. MIPv6와 HMIPv6와 같은 기존의 이동성관리프로토콜에서 발생하는 핸드오프 성능을 개선시키기 위한 방안으로서, 본 논문은 FMIPv6와 버퍼링 기능을 지닌 확장된 HMIPv6를 결합한 핸드오프지연감소기법 (LLHS)을 제시하였다. 여기서 MAP은 핸드오프 발생시 이동 망 내에 이동 라우터나 이동 노드로 향한 패킷들을 버퍼링한다. 모의실험을 통하여 제안 기법이 전송 지연과 패킷 손실을 감소시킨다는 것을 보였다.