• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제84권3호
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• pp.209-216
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• 2021

Background: Endobronchial lung cancer (EBLC) and bronchial anthracofibrosis (BAF) share similar symptoms and radiological findings. The aim of this study was to describe clinical and radiological differences between BAF and EBLC, both of which were confirmed by bronchoscopy. Methods: This was a retrospective study of patients with BAF or EBLC from 2008 to 2014. Data were derived from a bronchoscopy registry made since January 1, 2008. Clinical and radiological characteristics of both diseases were analyzed. Results: Among 3,214 patients who underwent bronchoscopy, 167 and 117 patients were enrolled in BAF and EBLC groups, respectively. BAF occurred more predominantly in older non-smoking female patients with a higher chance of tuberculosis (38.3%) than EBLC (6.0%). Cough, sputum, and dyspnea were common symptoms reported for both groups. Bronchoscopic findings revealed that BAF lesions were more common in multiple lobar bronchi (85.0%) or bilateral bronchi (73.7%). Radiologic findings revealed that bronchial stenosis was the most commonly found lesion in both groups (49.1% and 78.6%, respectively). Rates of peribronchial calcification and bronchial wall thickening were higher in the BAF group. The number of patients with lymph node calcification was also higher in the BAF group. Conclusion: Results of this study demonstrated characteristics of clinical and radiologic findings of BAF and EBLC. Increasing the awareness of both diseases may help clinicians differentiate these two diseases from each other, thus avoiding unnecessary invasive diagnostic procedures.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제70권3호
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• pp.235-241
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• 2011

Background: The rising prevalence of asthma may be associated with the rising prevalence of obesity in developed nations. There are several studies showing that obesity increases the risk of asthma in adults. We investigated the association of each body composition scale and bronchial hyper-responsiveness. Methods: This study involved a retrospective review of the existing records for 279 subjects with respiratory symptoms, who underwent a pulmonary function test, a methacholine challenge test and a body composition test between May 2007 and June 2009. Results: Of the 279 subjects, 179 (64%) were female. There was a statistically significant difference in fat free mass and in fat free mass index between the normal bronchial responsiveness group and bronchial hyper-responsiveness group (p=0.036; p=0.000). There was no significant differences in body mass index, in fat mass and fat free mass index in the normal bronchial responsiveness group and bronchial hyper-responsiveness group in males. However in females, body mass index and fat free mass index were increased in the bronchial hyper-responsiveness group (p=0.044; p=0.000). Total body water (kg), fat free mass (kg) and soft lean mass (kg) were significantly different between the normal bronchial responsiveness group and bronchial hyper-responsiveness group (p=0.002; p=0.000; p=0.000). Conclusion: This study showed significant differences in fat free mass and in fat free mass index between the normal bronchial responsiveness group and the bronchial hyper-responsiveness group. In females, BMI, soft lean mass, and total body water showed significant differences between the normal bronchial responsiveness group and the bronchial hyper-responsiveness group. We concluded that bronchial hyper-responsiveness was associated with not only body mass index but also fat free mass index in female bronchial asthma.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.396-400
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• 1991

Massive and untreated hemoptysis is associated with a mortality of greater than 50 percents. Since the bleeding was from a bronchial arterial source in the vast majority of patients, embolization of the bronchial arteries has become an accepted treatment in the management of massive hemoptysis because it achieves immediate control of the patients. We have controlled massive hemoptysis in a case with selective bronchial arteral embolization with Gelfoam.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제58권2호
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• pp.174-178
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• 2005

기관지 정맥류는 기관지 정맥압이 상승하는 승모판 협착증이나 폐정맥 폐쇄증에서 이차적으로 발생할 수 있다. 기관지 정맥류는 주로 좌측 주기관지에서 관찰되며, 드물지만 기관지 정맥류의 파열로 대량 객혈이 가능하고 사망할 수도 있다. 저자들은 중증 승모판 협착증 환자에서 동반된 기관지 정맥류를 기관지내시경에서 우연히 관찰하였고 승모판치환술 후 기관지 정맥류가 호전되어 이를 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제65권6호
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• pp.546-549
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• 2008

기관지 동맥류는 드문 질환이나 파열되면 대량출혈이 일어나므로 응급으로 치료가 필요한 질환이다. 진단 즉시 수술적 치료가 원칙이나 최근 경도자 방법이 발전하여 기관지동맥색전술이 추천되고 있다. 반복적인 객혈로 내원한 환자에서 기관지확장증을 동반한 기관지동맥류를 진단하여 금속코일 색전술을 통해 치료에 성공한 1예를 보고하는 바이다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.440-448
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• 1996

Bronchial carcinoid tumors are uncommon, constituting approximately 3-5% of all primary lung cancers. Classification of these tumors has evolved substantially as our understanding of the cellular, biologic, and clinical aspects of these neoplasms has improved. Initially, bronchial carcinoids were thought to be benign and therefore were classified as bronchial adenomas. Currently, however, they are well recognized as having the potential for both local invasion and distant metastatic involvement. Consequently, carcinoid tumors are frankly malignant. Thus bronchial adenoma is a misnomer that should no longer be used for bronchial carcinoids. Most investigators currently favor classifying carcinoid tumors as a type of neuroendocrine neoplasm because of their potential to secrete a variety of chemical substances found in both the central nervous system and the epithelial cells of numerous organs. Bronchial carcinoids are usually characterized by a slow growth pattern and a low incidence of metastasis, and histologically conformed by the azurophil staining and the presence of the characteristic neurosecretary granule on electron microscopy. Atypical carcinoid tumor was first defined by Arrigoni et al, who proposed the following criteria for separation of atypical carcinoid from typical carcinoid tumor : 1) increased mitotic activity with 1 mitotic figure per 1-2 high power fields(or 5-10 mitoses /10 HPF), 2) nuclear pleomorphism, hyperchromatism, and an abnormal nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, 3) areas of increased cellularity with disorganization of the architecture, and 4) tumor necrosis. In contrast, typical carcinoid tumor may have focal cytologic pleomorphism, but necrosis is absent and mitotic figures are rare. Recently we experienced a case of atypical bronchial carcinoid with multiple distant metastasis, so we report this case with a review of the literature.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제56권5호
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• pp.495-504
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• 2004

목 적 : 기관지 결핵에서 기관지 탄분 섬유화증의 동반 정도와 기관지 탄분 섬유화증의 동반 유무에 따른 임상적인 차이를 알아 보고자 하였다. 대 상 : 2000년 1월부터 2003년 6월까지 호흡기 증상이나 흉부 방사선 사진의 이상 소견으로 기관지 내시경 검사를 받은 환자 가운데 기관지 결핵으로 진단된 63예의 환자들을 대상으로 하였으며, 의무 기록지를 통한 후향적 분석에서 대상 환자들의 임상적 소견 및 기관지 내시경 소견 등을 조사하였다. 기관지 탄분 섬유화증은 기관지내 점막의 다발성 색소 침착이 있거나 엽 기관지 또는 구역 기관지에 색소 침착과 동반된 섬유화성 협착이 있는 경우로 하였다. 성 적 : 대상 환자들의 평균 연령은 59.5세(21-97)였으며, 남자가 12예, 여자가 51예였다. 기관지 탄분 섬유화증은 37예(58.7%)였으며, 60세 이상에서 31예로 대부분을 차지하였다. 기관지 탄분 섬유화증이 동반된 군(37예)에서 동반되지 않은 군(26예)에 비하여 평균 연령 이 유의하게 높았으며, 나무 연기에 대한 장기적인 노출력을 가진 예도 유의하게 많았다. 기관지 결핵의 위치는 기관지 탄분 섬유화증이 동반된 군에서 동반되지 않은 군에 비하여 우중엽에 유의하게 많았으며, 기관지 결핵의 형태는 기관지 탄분 섬유화증이 동반된 군에서는 부종형(edematous-hyperemic) 및 궤양형(ulcerative)이, 동반되지 않은 군에서는 건락성 괴사형(actively caseating)이 많은 경향이었다. 결 론 : 기관지 결핵은 고령일수록 기관지 탄분 섬유화증과 동반되는 경우가 많으며, 기관지 탄분 섬유화증의 동반 유무에 따라 기관지 결핵 병변의 위치 및 형태에도 차이가 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.107-112
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• 2000

To investigate the alteration of airway mucin in airway disease patients, immunoassay procedures were employed using monoclonal antibodies HM02 and HM03 (Hybridoma, 18,457-463, 1999). Alteration of mucin release was determined by ELISA and the integrity of mucin was determined by Western blot. In ELISA, it was found that mucin release increased from pneumonia, chronic cough, bronchiectasis, eosinophilic pneumonia, lung cancer and bronchial asthma patients. In Western blot, the increase in immunoreactivity was observed in case of pneumonia, chronic cough, bronchiectasis and bronchial asthma. In bronchial asthma, there was no obvious degradation of mucin while in other diseases, varying degree of mucin degradation was observed. The data from the present study implicate that HMO2 and HM03 are suitable for the immunological analysis of mucin in airway disease patients. The role of increased mucin release and varying degree of mucin degradation on airway diseases should be further investigated in the future.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제57권5호
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• pp.484-488
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• 2004

저자들은 기관지내 이물의 흡인을 인지하지 못한 채 만성적인 기침과 호흡곤란, 전폐야에서의 복조성 천명을 보였고 폐기능 검사에서 기류제한을 보여 기관지천식으로 오인되어 진단이 늦어진 뒤 굴곡성 기관지내시경으로 이물을 제거한 후 곧바로 기관지천식의 증상과 천명이 소실되고 폐기능검사에서 보인 기류제한이 호전된 기관지내 이물의 증례 1예을 경험하여 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제68권4호
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• pp.231-235
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• 2010

Lymphadenopathy in the thoracic cavity is frequently caused by inflammatory diseases. In very rare cases, the node-bronchial fistula has been reported to be the cause of complications of pulmonary tuberculosis. A male patient with necrotizing pneumonia and mediastinal lymph node enlargements identified by chest computed tomography was also found to have a node-bronchial fistula caused by lung cancer. The patient was treated for tuberculosis with pneumonia for one week before a definitive diagnosis was made. A further investigation revealed him to have non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC, adenocarcinoma) and multiple mediastinal lymphadenopathies accompanied with the node-bronchial fistula. We report this specific case that had been previously treated for tuberculosis but was later revealed to be NSCLC accompanied with a node-bronchial fistula.