• 유통과학연구
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2022

Purpose: This study examines the economic and technical reasons for the uneven distribution of broadband internet services in Indonesia before and during the recession due to the C19 pandemic, and examines its effect on the country's economy. Research design, data and methodology: The research was designed by conducting an economic feasibility, which was verified through area observations and interviews with providers and their association, as well as the Regulator. Results: The results show that during the C19 pandemic, there has been an increase in the distribution of broadband internet services in Indonesia since there has been an increase in demand for cellular services and fixed services together. However, the increase in broadband internet service coverage is still not evenly distributed in the country and unable to boost the decline in Gross Domestic Product during the C19 pandemic. Conclusions: The increase in fixed broadband coverage by seventy percent is an indication for the state to make policies to encourage bundling techniques between operators with the aim of internet services being more evenly distributed throughout the country. Where, the influence of a more even distribution of broadband internet services in all countries is believed to be able to support the country's economy.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.2573-2589
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• 2023

As 5G mobile systems carry multiple services and applications, numerous user, and application types with varying quality of service requirements inside a single physical network infrastructure are the primary problem in constructing 5G networks. Radio Access Network (RAN) slicing is introduced as a way to solve these challenges. This research focuses on optimizing RAN slices within a singular physical cell for vehicle-to-everything (V2X) and enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) UEs, highlighting the importance of adept resource management and allocation for the evolving landscape of 5G services. We put forth two unique strategies: one being offline network slicing, also referred to as standard network slicing, and the other being Online reinforcement learning (RL) network slicing. Both strategies aim to maximize network efficiency by gathering network model characteristics and augmenting radio resources for eMBB and V2X UEs. When compared to traditional network slicing, RL network slicing shows greater performance in the allocation and utilization of UE resources. These steps are taken to adapt to fluctuating traffic loads using RL strategies, with the ultimate objective of bolstering the efficiency of generic 5G services.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.826-836
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• 2016

Increase of hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP)-based video popularity causes that broadband and Internet service providers' links transmit mainly multimedia content. Network planning, traffic engineering or congestion control requires understanding of the statistical properties of network traffic; therefore, it is desirable to investigate the characteristic of traffic traces generated, among others, by systems which employ adaptive bit-rate streaming. In our work, we investigate traffic originating from 120 client-server pairs, situated in an emulated laboratory environment, and multiplexed onto a single network link. We show that the structure of the traffic is distinct from the structure generated by first and second generation of HTTP video systems, and furthermore, not similar to the structure of general Internet traffic. The obtained traffic exhibits negative correlations, anti-persistence, and its distribution function is skewed to the right. Furthermore, we show that the traffic generated by clients employing the same or similar play-out strategies is positively correlated and synchronised (clustered), whereas traffic originated from different play-out strategies shows negative or no correlations.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.107-130
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• 2005

본 연구의 목적은 인터넷이 발달함에 따라 최근 주목받고 있는 인터넷 영화산업의 공간적 분포와 입지적 특성을 파악하고, 인터넷 영화산업의 가치사슬과 인터넷 영화의 유통구조를 분석하고, 인터넷 영화 사업체들의 연계성과 이들의 공간적 집적화 현상을 파악하려는 것이다. 인터넷 영화산업은 영화 콘텐츠와 관련된 기술의 발달, 인터넷의 광대역화와 초고속통신망의 확충 및 영화 컨텐츠에 대한 수요 증가로 인해 급성장하고 있다. 우리나라 인터넷 영화산업의 74$\%$는 서울에 집중하고 있었으며, 서울에서도 강남구와 서초구 일부지역에 집적하고 있다 인터넷 영화산업의 입지선정에 영향을 준 중요한 요인으로는 동종$\cdot$유사업체의 근접성, 교통의 편리성, 장소의 지명도, 기술관련 업체와의 근접성 순으로 나타났다. 인터넷 영화산업은'콘텐츠 공급 $\rightarrow$ 콘텐츠 유통 $\rightarrow$ 서비스 공급'이라는 가치사슬로 이루어져 있자만, VOD판권 소유자, VOD판권 유통대행사, 서비스 공급자들이 가치사슬 전반에 참여하면서 매우 복잡한 유통구조를 형성하고 있다. 인터넷 영화사업체들은 인터넷 영화를 서비스하기 위해 영화 콘덴츠 제공업체 기술 $\cdot$ 운영지원업체, 주요 고객업체, 그리고 협력 $\cdot$ 제휴업체들과의 긴밀한 네트워킹을 구축하고 있으며, 이들은 국지적으로 집적하여 공식적, 비공식적인 모임을 통해서 시너지 효과를 창출하고 있다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제7권11호
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• pp.2769-2792
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• 2013

In this paper, we propose an authenticated key agreement scheme, TinyIBAK, based on the identity-based cryptography and bilinear paring, for large scale sensor networks. We prove the security of our proposal in the random oracle model. According to the formal security validation using AVISPA, the proposed scheme is strongly secure against the passive and active attacks, such as replay, man-in-the middle and node compromise attacks, etc. We implemented our proposal for TinyOS-2.1, analyzed the memory occupation, and evaluated the time and energy performance on the MICAz motes using the Avrora toolkits. Moreover, we deployed our proposal within the TOSSIM simulation framework, and investigated the effect of node density on the performance of our scheme. Experimental results indicate that our proposal consumes an acceptable amount of resources, and is feasible for infrequent key distribution and rekeying in large scale sensor networks. Compared with other ID-based key agreement approaches, TinyIBAK is much more efficient or comparable in performance but provides rekeying. Compared with the traditional key pre-distribution schemes, TinyIBAK achieves significant improvements in terms of security strength, key connectivity, scalability, communication and storage overhead, and enables efficient secure rekeying.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2008

실내 위치인식 기술은 유비쿼터스 구현의 기반이 되는 중요기술요소 중 하나이다. 특히 병원의 환자 관리, 실버타운의 노인관리, 스마트 홈의 구현을 위해서는 실외의 광역범위보다는 실내에서의 사용자 위치인식에 대한 기술이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 무선랜기기 및 통신기술을 이용한 실내 위치 인식 시스템의 설계 구현에 관해 기술한다. 사용자 위치인식을 위한 기반기술로 무선랜의 전파신호강도(Received Signal Strength Indication, RSSI)를 이용한 삼변측량 기법을 이용하였다. 구현될 시스템은 무선랜기기와 지형 맵핑서버, Access Point(AP)로 구성되며, 시스템의 개발 및 실제 환경에서의 테스트를 통하여 실생활 응용에 대한 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제10권12호
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• pp.5191-5211
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• 2016

It is essential to satisfy class-specific QoS constraints to provide broadband services for new generation networks. The present study proposes a QoS-driven multicast scheme for wireless networks in which the transmission rate and end-to-end delay are assumed to be bounded during a multiple multicast session. A distributed algorithm was used to identify a cost-efficient sub-graph between the source and destination which can satisfy QoS constraints of a multicast session. The model was then modified as to be applied for wireless networks in which satisfying interference constraints is the main challenge. A discrete power control scheme was also applied for the QoS-aware multicast model to accommodate the effect of transmission power level based on link capacity requirements. We also proposed random power allocation (RPA) and gradient power allocation (GPA) algorithms to efficient resource distribution each of which has different time complexity and optimality levels. Experimental results confirm that the proposed power allocation techniques decrease the number of unavailable links between intermediate nodes in the sub-graph and considerably increase the chance of finding an optimal solution.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.295-303
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• 2022

Information and communication technology (ICT) is one of the primary zones that stimulates economic development in today's globalized world. It promotes technological developments in worldwide communication and manufacturing systems, as well as economic growth and development. Many economic activities, such as international trade and foreign direct investment, rely heavily on contemporary information and communications technologies (FDI). The goal of this study is to look at the dynamic relationship between FDI, ICT, trade openness, and economic growth in the context of BRICS countries from 2000 to 2018, with Gross Domestic Product as the dependent variable and Telephone subscriptions, Mobile subscriptions, Broadband subscriptions, Internet subscribers, Secure internet servers, Trade, and Foreign direct investment as the independent variables.Two variables are used as proxies to manage the macroeconomic environment, while five variables are used as proxies for ICT infrastructures. The outcomes of this study are analyzed using Generalized Methods of Movements (GMM). According to this study, ICT has a positive impact on the economic growth of a few countries. Trade openness and foreign direct investment, on the other hand, have a negative impact on economic growth. As growing countries, the BRICS must participate in economic reform and liberalization measures. This report suggests policy proposals for improving ICT standards, focusing especially on economic growth, trade openness, and increasing foreign investment in the BRICS countries.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제11권8호
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• pp.2801-2808
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• 2010

유선과 무선으로 경계를 나누어 진화해 온 통신기술은 서비스 간 영역을 넘어 유무선 융합과 모바일 브로드밴드를 전개하면서 향후 제 4 세대(4G) 멀티미디어 시대를 선점하기 위해 총력을 기울이고 있다. 이러한 통신의 발전을 주도하는 중심에 우리나라가 세계 최초로 선보인 와이브로가 자리하고 있다. 와이브로는 차세대 무선통신기술이 결집된 산출물이다. 와이브로 기술은 초고속 인터넷과 이동전화기반 무선인터넷의 장점을 결합하면서, 저렴한 비용으로 모바일 브로드밴드와 컨버전스의 편익과 효용을 제공하는 서비스이기 때문이다. 와이브로는 연관된 산업생태계를 바탕으로 지속적인 발전을 거듭해 왔으며, 이러한 발전은 네트워크 진화를 위한 원동력이 되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 와이브로 시스템의 보안 취약성 및 대책에 대해 제시하였다. 이를 위해 와이브로 서비스에 적합한 보안체계 구축 현황을 기반으로, 안전한 와이브로 서비스 제공을 위해 갖추어야 할 정보보호요구사항을 단말, 기지국, 제어국으로 나누어 분석하였다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.63-81
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• 2008

WiMAX has been introduced as a competitive alternative for metropolitan broadband wireless access technologies. It is connection oriented and it can provide very high data rates, large service coverage, and flexible quality of services (QoS). Due to the large number of connections and flexible QoS supported by WiMAX, the uplink access in WiMAX networks is very challenging since the medium access control (MAC) protocol must efficiently manage the bandwidth and related channel allocations. In this paper, we propose and investigate a cost-effective WiMAX bandwidth management scheme, named the WiMAX partial sharing scheme (WPSS), in order to provide good QoS while achieving better bandwidth utilization and network throughput. The proposed bandwidth management scheme is compared with a simple but inefficient scheme, named the WiMAX complete sharing scheme (WCPS). A maximum entropy (ME) based analytical model (MEAM) is proposed for the performance evaluation of the two bandwidth management schemes. The reason for using MEAM for the performance evaluation is that MEAM can efficiently model a large-scale system in which the number of stations or connections is generally very high, while the traditional simulation and analytical (e.g., Markov models) approaches cannot perform well due to the high computation complexity. We model the bandwidth management scheme as a queuing network model (QNM) that consists of interacting multiclass queues for different service classes. Closed form expressions for the state and blocking probability distributions are derived for those schemes. Simulation results verify the MEAM numerical results and show that WPSS can significantly improve the network’s performance compared to WCPS.