• 토지주택연구
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.77-87
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• 2019

In Korea, the modular construction method was applied to the construction of facilities such as military barracks and school dormitories, beginning with the pilot project of Seoul New Elementary School in 2003. In 2017, public modular houses were supplied to Busan(Yongho-dong) and Seoul(Gayang-dong), and modular housing is expected to continue to be supplied in the future. However, there is no clear construction standard for the modular housing construction yet, and there are few cases where the infill modular system is applied. Therefore, this study established the work breakdown structure and proposed a standard process focusing on the infill modular system applied to the construction of Dujeong-dong modular house in Cheonan. Level 1 of the work breakdown structure by construction stage of Infill modular was defined as modular manufacturing, assembly, and finishing process. Level 2 was defined as preparation, modular production, modular infill, modular fixing, floor plastering, building finishing, and other site finishing. Level 3 is defined as 57 detailed unit work of infill modular construction. The standard process of infill modular is proposed for the assembly stage that is commonly applicable to infill modular housing construction. The results of this study can be used for the process plan, transportation plan, lifting plan of modular housing construction.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2013년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.162-163
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• 2013

A temporary work are lifting equipment that tower crane or lift, and temporary architectures that office building and storage in construction site. And it is main construction work that built and used temporarily like to a scaffolding, a walk plate, and a formwork. This study is to adjust breakdown structure of temporary work to introduce technical tendency. With a site manager, it is collected a detailed statement and compared. As a result to break down a tendency that temporary equipment, additional function, and direct work of temporary technique, first, existing detail technical indexes that group I, group J, group K, and group L are classified. Second, due to set up and manage to main agents in case of existing detail technical indexes that B1, B2, it is not wrong to classify. But, it is somewhat different, and therefore adjust it to same level. Finally, as a technical tendency that temporary equipment, additional function, and direct work of temporary technique, it is adjusted the others.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.189-200
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• 2017

The work breakdown structure and the precedence relations by work activity are very important because they are the basic data for estimating the construction duration in the construction work. However, there is no standard to accurately estimate the construction duration since the size of the school facilities construction is smaller than the general construction work. Therefore, some schools are unable to open in March or September and the delay of the construction duration can cause damage to the students. To solve this problem, this study developed a work breakdown structure of school facilities construction work and analyzed the precedence relations by work activities. The work breakdown structure of the school facilities construction is composed of three steps. The operations corresponding to level 1 and level 2 are as follows. (1) 2 preparatory work categories; preparation period and temporary construction. (2) 17 architectural work categories; temporary construction, foundation & pile work, reinforced concrete work, steel roof work, brick work, plaster work, tile work, stone work, waterproof construction, wood work, interior construction, floor work, metal work, roof work, windows construction, glazing work and paint construction. (3) 7 mechanic and fire work categories; outside trunk line work, plumbing work, air-conditioning equipment work, machine room work, city gas plumbing work, sanitation facilities and inspection & test working. (4) 4 civil work categories; wastewater work, drainage work, pavement work and other work. (5) 1 landscaping work categories; planting work. The work breakdown structure was derived from interviews with experts based on the milestones and detailed statements of existing school facilities. The analysis of precedence relations by school facilities work activity utilized PDM(Precedence Diagramming Method)which does not need a dummy and the relations were applied using FS(Finish to Start), FF(Finish to Finish), SS(Start to Start), SF(Start to Finish). The analysis of this study shows that if one work activity is delayed, the entire construction duration may be delayed because the majority of the works are FS relations. Therefore, it is necessary to use the Lag at the appropriate time to estimate the standard construction duration of the school facility construction. Lag is a term used only in the PDM method and it is used to define the relationship between the predecessor and the successor in creating the network milestone. And it means the delay time applied to the two work activities. The results of this study can reasonably estimate the standard construction duration of school facilities and it will contribute to the quality of the school facilities construction.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2012년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.117-118
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• 2012

This study has been reorganizing a standard breakdown structure of temporary technique focused on construction site. For this, first of all we, the authors, reviewed features and present statuss of construction temporary technique, and could develop to the standard breakdown structure through studying a construction site and researching a delphi method. By using the standard breakdown structure obtained from this study, it is expected that the application of to information of construction business and plan to a schedule and a work.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권12호
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• pp.702-708
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• 2018

3D 프린팅 기술은 기존 산업계의 생산 패러다임을 변화할 수 있는 4차 산업혁명의 주요기술로 큰 관심을 받고 있다. 건설분야의 특성으로 인해 3D 프린팅의 기술 도입이 타 산업분야에 비해 느리지만, 향후 생산인구의 감소와 생산성 및 안전도 향상 등을 위해 3D 프린팅을 활용한 건설 자동화가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 3D 프린팅을 건설에 도입하기 위한 사전준비로서 건설 3D 프린팅 공종분류체계와 기존 표준품셈체계와의 연계방안을 제시 한다. 이를 위해 건설 및 3D 프린팅 관련 전문가 자문을 바탕으로 기존 건설 3D 프린팅 기술을 바탕으로 가상의 시나리오를 작성하였다. 시나리오에 따라 3D 프린팅 공사 수행에 필요한 16개의 공종을 도출하였다. 기존 공종분류체계와 표준품셈을 분석하고 도출된 3D 프린팅 공종을 연계하였다. 기존 분류체계와 동일한 3D 프린팅 공종도 있었으며 기존에 존재하지 않는 공종은 유사한 분류체계 하위에 추가하는 등 4가지 타입으로 구분하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후 3D 프린팅 공사관리 및 원가산정에 도움이 될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 향후 3D 프린팅 공사 수행을 통해 실질적인 품셈 산출이 필요하다.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 6th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.716-717
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• 2015

A construction temporary work is main process and importance trade section. A technology system of construction temporary has very low availability of field works and needs improvements in Korea as construction site has a quick response about new requirements. This study reviews literature researches and can verify that changes to a comprehensive technology system for construction site. In addition, it suggests a breakdown structure of new standards for temporary construction technology based on views of construction site managers. Meanwhile, temporary construction technology in Korea has changed with a specification of construction temporary work which had been revised in 2014. However, the revision is merely dividing the design and building off of construction temporary technology. It is lacking in many ways to change this in a new standard system for temporary construction technology. Henceforth, it needs to develop a standard system for temporary construction technology and a professional system that is appropriate for different purposes by detail trade sections.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.127-137
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• 2019

In this study, we have developed a calculation system for BIM-based quantities, 4D process, and 5D construction costs, by integrating object shape attributes and the standard classification system which consist of Cost Breakdown System(CBS), Object Breakdown System(OBS) and Work Breakdown System(WBS) in order to use for the 4 dimensional process control of roads and rivers. First, a new BIM library database connected with the BIM library shape objects was built according to the CBS/OBS/WBS standard classification system of the civil engineering field, and a integrated database system of BIM-based quantities, process(4D), and construction costs(5D) for roads and rivers was constructed. Nextly, the process classification system and the cost classification system were automatically disassembled to the BIM objects consisting of the Revit-family style elements. Finally, we added functions for automatically generating four dimensional activities and generating a automatic cost statement according to the combination of WBS and CBS classification system The ultimate goal of this study was to extend the integrated quantities, process(4D), and construction costs(5D) system for new roads and rivers, enabling the integrated use of process(4D) and construction costs(5D) in the design and construction stage, based on the tasks described above.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제7권2호통권24호
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• pp.67-76
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to propose the efficient improvement in the lawsuit to request the guarantee against defect. This study points out several problems about related act and subordinate statue and judgement by analyzing the character of contract in apartment house, related laws and regulations, appraisals and judicial decisions. This study deduces the necessity of the establishment of the specification and the breakdown cost for repair and maintenance work to provide the standard for the detached judgement.

• 정보통신설비학회논문지
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.52-63
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• 2003

This study proposes a change from the currentexpected price integrated system, which is based on the standard of estimated unit manpower and material, to a new actual construction cost integrated system. In order to implement it, the standard method of measurement organization system as well as the communication area standard of estimated unit manpower and material should be changed Moreover, the work breakdown structure and itemized structure should be assorted.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2007년도 Techno-Fair 및 추계학술대회 논문집 전기물성,응용부문
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• pp.165-166
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• 2007

In these days $SF_6$ mixtures and alternative gas have been studied because of global warming and liquefying at low temperature and high pressure. At present work the breakdown characteristics of $SF_6/CF_4$ mixture in non-uniform field was performed. The experiments were carried out under positive and negative standard lightning impulse (SLT) voltages. The point-plane electrode was used with 3 mm gap distance in the test chamber. The $SF_6/CF_4$ mixture which contain 20% of $SF_6$ was compared with pure $SF_6$ and $CF_4$ gas. Experimental gas pressure ranged from 0.1 to 0.4 MPa. The breakdown voltage under negative SLI is higher than the breakdown voltage under positive voltage. And the breakdown voltage of $SF_6$ 20%, $CF_4$ 80% mixture is similar to that of pure $SF_6$.