• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.31-40
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to identify the body type characteristics of fashion models by comparing body dimensions and body types of fashion models with ordinary women in their 20s in Korea. To that end, the study selected 71 people, with 28 being female university students in the Seoul area and 43 professional fashion models. One hundred and fifty-seven ordinary woman were selected who ranged from 20 to 29 years old, and 588 women from the 7th Size Korea fit for research purposes. Body measurement items were selected for the direct measurement data for Size Korea, which included 20 items of body size and 10 items of calculation needed for clothing production. The results of the study were as follows. According to the analysis of fashion models and ordinary woman in their 20s, their body size showed significant differences in 25 out of 30 items. The five items that do not show significant differences are bust point-bust point, waist back length, front interscye length, hip circumference-bust circumference, and neck point to bust point to waistline-waist front length. If you integrate the results, the fashion model is much taller than the ordinary woman, has a longer lower body, and has an 8.05 head figure. Also, the fashion model found itself to be the ideal type that ordinary women prefer because of the slimmer waist and bent shape, which is more than that measured in normal women.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.299-311
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• 2014

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop a method for measuring breast size from three-dimensional (3D) body scan image data. Background: Previous bra studies established reference points by directly contacting the subject's naked skin to determine the boundary of the breast. But some subjects were uncomfortable with these types of measurements. This study examined noncontact methods of extracting breast reference points from 3D body scan data that were collected while subjects were wearing standardized soft bras. Method: 3D body scan data of 32 Korean women were analyzed. The subjects were selected from the Size Korea 2010 study. The breast landmarks were identified by graphic analyses of slicing contour lines on 3D body scan data. Results: Three methods determining bra cup size were compared. The M1 and M2 methods determined cup size by calculating the difference between bust girth and under-bust girth. The M3 method determined bra cup size by measuring breast arc length. Conclusion: The researchers proposed an anthropometric bra cup sizing system with the breast arc length (M3 method). It was measured from the geometrically defined landmarks on the 3D body scan slicing contour lines. The new bra cup size was highly correlated with breast depth. Application: The noncontact measuring method used in this study can be applied to the ergonomic studies measuring sensitive body parts.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.571-578
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• 2009

This study was to apply the measurement variations of each region of the body to the basic bodice pattern grading and to provide the clothing pattern fit for the human body. Grading variation used in the apparel industry was researched and new grading variation was proposed by analyzing the statistical data of body measurements. The statistical variation in body measurements was applied to set the optimum grading region and variation. Five sizes were used by split grading method and drawn with Bust Circumference and waist length based on the middle size. Differences between the grading pattern and the drawing pattern were analyzed by overlapping them and measuring each region. The measurement variations of drawing patterns between the sizes were very different from those of statistical data. On the other hand, the measurement variations of grading patterns between the sizes and those of statistical data were similar. In summary, the grading pattern by applying the measurement variations to the region of the body was superior to the drawing pattern drawn by the basic measurements for clothing fitness.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.372-380
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• 2012

The optical method Digital Speckle Correlation Measurement (DSCM) has been extensively applied due its capability to measure the entire displacement field over a body surface. A formula of displacement measurement errors by the gradient-based DSCM method was derived. The errors were found to explicitly relate to the image grayscale errors consisting of sub-pixel interpolation algorithm errors, image noise, and subset deformation mismatch at each point of the subset. A power-law dependence of the standard deviation of displacement measurement errors on the subset size was established when the subset deformation was rigid body translation and random image noise was dominant and it was confirmed by both the numerical and experimental results. In a gradient-based algorithm the basic assumption is rigid body translation of the interrogated subsets, however, this is in contradiction to the real circumstances where strains exist. Numerical and experimental results also indicated that, subset shape function mismatch was dominant when the order of the assumed subset shape function was lower than that of the actual subset deformation field and the power-law dependence clearly broke down. The power-law relationship further leads to a simple criterion for choosing a suitable subset size, image quality, sub-pixel algorithm, and subset shape function for DSCM.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제33권8호
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• pp.1190-1202
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• 2009

A 3D body scan measurement (SM) is used as an alternative to physical measurements (PM) as the information for designing industrial products. This study compared the mean difference (MD) between SM and PM by gender and analyzed the causes of the difference. The data used in this study were the scan measurements and physical measurements of adults aged twenty to seventy years old of the fifth Size Korea survey. The results of this study are as follows: 1. The comparison of MD between men and women for all subjects: The measurement of the significant differences between men and women were height, neck base girth, chest girth, under-bust girth, waist girth, armscye girth, back length, and foot length. The causes of difference are the difference of body shape. 2. The comparison of MD between men and women by BMI groups: Many measurements had significant differences between men and women at normal weight and overweight but underweight. Some measurements had significant differences only at a specific BMI group because the body shape difference between men and women is revealed clearly in the group. The comparison of MD between men and women by age groups: The measurements that show significant difference at more than four age groups were neck girth, chest girth, under-bust girth, waist girth, armscye girth, and foot length. The height and abdomen girth had a significant difference in the age range of 20's and 30's. There were measurements that increase MD with an increase in age; under-bust girth and lateral shoulder length for women and lateral shoulder length for men. This comparison of MD between men and women provide the correct guidelines for the use of SM.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.21-30
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• 2008

This study conducted a survey to compare the size of ready-made clothes for different body shapes and body sizes, and to discover the differences in satisfaction with the size of ready-made clothes. The subjects were women in their 208 and 308 from Busan and Gyeongnam. The women were classified into groups: normal weight, overweight, and obese, using the Body Mass Index (BMI). The comparison of the body size showed a significant difference among the shapes; the average BMI in overweight women was 24.2 while that of obese women was 27.6. For the clothing size for each body shape, obese women most often wore size 77 and size 88, regardless of the sizes of upper and lower garments. The size consistency of upper and lower garments was the lowest in obese women. However, in most of the shapes, women tended to choose larger-sizes for lower garments than for upper ones. The more obese the subject, the less inclined they were to wear garments for their real body size. Satisfaction with the clothing size was significantly different between body shapes; the more obese, the lower the level of satisfaction with the size. As well, satisfaction with the fit of clothing at certain parts was shown to be low especially in the bust measurement, shoulder width, upper garment length, crotch length, and thigh circumference. When surveyed about the use of alterations for different body shapes, the results were that over 65% of subjects did not alter upper garments regardless of their body shape. Comparatively, 68% or above of all body shapes did do alterations to lower garments for example, the length of pants or skirts.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.73-84
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• 2023

This study aims to identify the current sizing communication issues of menswear on retail websites and to suggest an effective size information presentation method. Based on sales frequency and awareness in the Korean menswear market, 22 brand websites were selected, and size-related information was investigated using 7 types of representative apparel items. The current diverse types of size codes had limitations in delivering actual product size information. Many websites preferred to display garment dimensions rather than basic body measurements, which is the suggested size designation method in Korean Standard. The websites posted fit model photos and customer reviews. However, the body size specifications, which consumers can use as a useful reference, were often omitted. There was also a high uncertainty in product size selection, with only the basic body measurement information listed, and there was a high deviation of garment dimensions within the same basic body measurements. The product size distribution did not match actual Korean body types. Based on the findings, we suggested improved effective sizing communication methods. These methods will contribute to a better online shopping environment for both consumers and retail sellers.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권8호
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• pp.1074-1080
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• 2017

Objective: The growth, carcass and retail cut yield records on 1,428 Hanwoo steers obtained through progeny testing were analyzed in this study, and their heritability and genetic relationships among the traits were estimated using animal models. Methods: Two different models were compared in this study. Each model was fitted for different fixed class effects, date of slaughter for carcass traits and batch of progeny test live measurement traits, and a choice of covariates (carcass weight in Model 1 or backfat thickness in Model 2) for carcass traits. Results: The differences in body composition among individuals were deemed being unaffected by their age at slaughter, except for carcass weight and backfat thickness. Heritability estimates of body size measurements were 0.21 to 0.36. Heritability estimates of retail cut percentage were high (0.56 from Model 1 and 0.47 from Model 2). And the heritability estimates for loin muscle percentage were 0.36 from Model 1 and 0.42 from Model 2, which were high enough to consider direct selection on carcass cutability traits as effective. The genetic correlations between body size measurements and retail cut ratio (RCR) were close to zero. But, some negative genetic correlations were found with chest girths measured at yearling (Model 1) or at 24 months of age or with chest widths. Loin muscle ratio (LMR) was genetically negatively correlated with body weights or body size measurements, in general in Model 1. These relationships were low close to zero but positive in Model 2. Phenotypic correlation between cutability traits (RCR, LMR) and live body size measurements were moderate and negative in Model 1 while those in Model 2 were all close to zero. Conclusion: Therefore, the body weights or linear body measurements at an earlier age may not be the most desirable selection traits for exploitation of correlated responses to improve loin muscle or lean meat yield.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.708-715
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• 2016

This study researched the sizing system of dress form for apparel manufacturing in the domestic market. It aims to be used as basic data for the development of a dress form that could be used by manufacturers of senior men's clothing. Research focused on the sizes presented on the homepages of 17 dress form manufacturers in the USA, France, Japan, and Korea. Body measurement was made for senior men in their 50's over men (n=134). Six items were measured by the 'Standard body measurement of Size Korea'. The type of dress form in the domestic market can be classified into half-body type (upper body type and lower body type), torso, and whole-body type; in addition, each type is divided into upper arm, arm, crotch, and thigh. Korean dress form manufacturers produced/sold diverse kinds (size 7-9) for women; however, they used large/small sizes or product sizes for men without defining sizes. The chest size (93-105cm) has not been standardized while the rates of waist circumference, hip circumference and shoulder length (in accordance with the chest size) were all different. Global dress form brands manufactured reflecting body dimensions by the state organization USA ASTM. Japan JIS. For this reason, most domestic clothing businesses depend on imported dress forms. Especially, there were no dress forms for senior men. With the growing market for seniors, it would be necessary to produce senior dress forms for clothing production that reflect the body shapes and sizes of seniors.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제33권12호
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• pp.1979-1990
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• 2009

본 연구는 20세 이상 비만여성을 위한 의류치수체계를 제안하기 위한 것으로, 2003~2004년 한국인 인체치수조사사업의 원시자료 중 선행연구에 의해 의류학 분야에서 주로 사용되는 비만판정지수 및 비만판정용 측정치 7개 항목(Rohrer지수, Vervaeck지수, BMI, 상대체중, 허리둘레, WHR, 젖가슴둘레) 중 5개 이상의 비만판정도구에서 비만으로 판정된 499명을 대상으로 하였다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 치수체계 제안에 앞서 2,212명의 성인여성 전체의 인체치수와 499명의 비만여성의 기초통계치수를 제시한 결과, 키 등의 높이항목 전체와 키와 상관관계가 높은 몇몇 길이항목을 제외한 대부분의 치수항목 즉, 둘레항 목, 두께 및 너비항목 등에서의 인체측정치가 크고, 비만판정지수도 높은 것으로 나타났다. 상의류의 치수체계 제안을 위해 젖가슴둘레, 엉덩이둘레, 키가 기본신체부위로 선정되었으며, 하의류의 치수체계 제안을 위해 허리둘레와 엉덩이둘레가 기본신체부위로 선정되었다. 치수체계 제안을 위한 교차분석표에서 젖가슴둘레, 허리둘레, 엉덩이둘레 등 둘레항목은 3cm 간격과 5cm 간격을 비교하여 제시하였으나 키는 5cm 간격으로만 한정하였다. 두 치수간격 중 보다 높은 커버율과 커버효율을 보이는 치수간격을 선택하고, 사용자의 분포율도 전체 비만여성의 1% 이상, 2% 이상 및 3% 이상으로 나누어 각각의 분포율별로 커버율과 커버효율이 높은 치수구간을 선정하였다. 상의류와 하의류 치수체계 모두에서 3% 이상의 사용자 분포율을 보이는 5cm 치수간격이 가장 높은 커버효율을 나타냈으므로, 이 결과를 바탕으로 상의류를 위한 치수호칭으로 10개, 하의류를 위한 치수호칭으로 9개를 제안하였으며, 각 호칭별로 기본신체부위의 평균 인체측정치와 참고신체부위의 평균 인체측정치를 제공하여 호칭별 의류제품의 설계에 기초자료로 활용할 수 있도록 하였다.