• 치위생과학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.189-197
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• 2011

본 연구는 초등학교 구강건강을 담당하고 있는 보건교사를 대상으로 PRECEDE model을 이용하여 구강보건교육 실태와 요구하는 내용을 파악함으로써 초등학교 구강건강증진을 향상하고자 한다. 광주광역시 초등학교 보건교사 전수 114명을 대상으로 설문조사하였다. 1. 행동적 진단에서는 구강보건교육 비중은 10% 이하(58.8%)로 주로 재량활동시간(86.0%)에 이루어지며, 보건교사가 필요할 때 실시(53.5%)하였다. 지난 1년간 시행한 구강보건교육은 78.1%였으며, 학년별로 3학년이 77.2%로 가장 높았으며, 5학년 55.3%, 1학년 50.9%였다. 2. 교육적 진단의 준비 인자에서는 보건교육의 8분야 중 구강보건교육은 4,5순위였다. 다음해에도 계속 수행하고자 하는 사업에서 구강보건교육은 21.9%였으며, 세부주제로 잇솔질, 치아우식증, 치아외상과 응급처치가 80.0%정도 필요하다로 나타났다. 3. 교육적 진단의 실현 인자에서는 매년 구강보건교육 연수 경험율 13.2%, 만족도는 33.3% 였다. 구강보건교육 정보 수집 경로는 교사용 지도서(72.8%), 인터넷(52.6%)였으며, 구강보건교육 자료 수집 경로는 보건교육학회 및 관련단체(56.0%), 스스로 제작(41.0%)순이었다. 4. 교육적 진단의 강화성 인자에서는 정규 교육과정 중 구강보건관련 내용이 부족(46.7%), 교육에 필요한 자료가 부족(30.6%), 교육을 실시 기회부족(21.4%)이 장애 요소였다. 구강보건교육을 활성화시키는데 관련된 요인 중 전문가 초청(43.0%), 선배나 동료 협조 (35.1%)였다. 이상과 같은 결론에서, 구강보건교육 교재, 자료 및 방법이 개발되어야 하며, 초등학교 보건교사의 구강보건교육을 체계화 시키기 위한 제도적 장치가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 감성과학
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.169-180
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• 2017

특성불안이 높은 자들은 분노 표현을 억제하려하기 때문에 주관적인 행동평가로는 특성불안자의 분노 경험을 측정하는데 한계가 있다. 보다 객관적으로 특성불안자의 분노 경험을 측정하기 위하여 본 연구에서는 분노에 의해 유발된 자율신경계 반응이 특성불안 수준에 따라 차이가 있는지를 확인하고자 한다. 실험참가자들을 불안집단과 통제집단으로 구분하였으며, 분노자극을 제시하기 전과 후에 심전도(ECG), 호흡(RESP), 피부전기활동(EDA), 그리고 피부온도(SKT)를 측정하였다. ECG에서 심박률(HR), NN 간격의 표준편차(SDNN), 심박주기 제곱의 평균제곱근(RMSSD), 심박변이도의 저주파성분(LF), 심박변이도의 고주파성분(HF), 저주파성분과 고주파성분의 비율(LF/HF ratio), RESP에서 호흡주기(RR)를, EDA에서 피부전도수준(SCL)을, SKT에서 최대피부온도(maxSKT)를 산출하였다. 두 집단 간 분노자극에서 유발된 분노정서 강도의 차이를 검증한 결과, 집단 간 차이는 유의하였다. 자율신경계 반응 차이를 확인한 결과, 불안집단에서 유의미한 SDNN와 LF의 증가, HF, LF/HF ratio, 그리고 RR의 감소가 나타났다. 본 연구 결과는 특성불안이 높은 이들의 분노 경험을 측정하는데 자율신경계 반응이 객관적인 지표로 활용이 가능함을 시사한다.

• 대한치과마취과학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.45-50
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• 2012

The Fontan operation is a heart operation used to treat complex congenital heart defects like tricuspid atresia, hypoplastic left heart syndrome, pulmonary atresia and single ventricle. A single ventricle is dedicated to pumping oxygenated blood to the systemic circulation and the entire systemic venous return reaches the pulmonary arterial system without the direct influence of a pumping chamber. In the patient with Fontan operation, it is important to achieve adequate pulmonary blood flow and cardiac output in anesthetic management. In this case, a 10-year-old boy (19.6 kg, 114 cm) with cleft palate, cerebral palsy and severe mental retardation, who underwent a Fontan operation when he was 4 years old, was presented for deep sedation. Because he was suffering from eating disorder with cleft palate, the orthodontist and the plastic surgeon planned to insert intraoral orthodontic device before cleft palate repair. But it was impossible to open his mouth for alginate impression procedure. After careful pre-anesthesia evaluation we planned to administer deep sedation with propofol infusion. After Intravenous catheter insertion, we started propofol intravenous infusion with the formula of a loading dose of 1.0 mg/kg followed by an infusion rate of 6.0 mg/kg/hr with syringe pump. His blood pressure was remained around 80/40 mmHg after loss of consciousness, but he could not maintain his airway patent. So we lowered the infusion rate to 3.0 mg/kg/hr, immediately. The oxygen saturation was maintained above 95% with nasal oxygen supply, and blood pressure was maintained around 100-80/60-40 mmHg. After the sedation of 110 minutes with propofol (the infusion rate to 3.0-5.0 mg/kg/hr), he fully regained consciousness, and was discharged without complication after 1 hour observation. In case of post-Fontan patient, intravenous deep sedation with propofol was safe and effective method of behavioral management during dental treatment.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.29-54
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• 2012

이 연구에서는 한국방송통신대학교 도서관에서 제공하고 있는 서비스에 대한 이용자의 인식 수준과 기대 수준에 영향을 미치는 요인은 무엇이며, 이용자들의 특성에 따라 어떠한 차이가 있는지를 파악하고자 하였다. 또한 도서관서비스 차원별로 이용자의 인식 수준이 도서관의 이용의사와 만족도에 실제 영항을 미치는가를 조사, 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 도서관서비스 품질 평가에 관한 국내 외 문헌을 고찰하는 이론적 접근방법과 설문 조사 및 분석의 실증적 접근방법을 병행하였다. 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 LibQUAL+모형을 기반으로 연구모형을 설계하였으며, 연구가설에 대한 검증을 실시하여 집단 간 차이를 확인하였다. 분석 결과 방송대 도서관의 서비스 차원별 이용자의 현재 인식수준은 도서관 전체 만족도와 지속적인 이용의사에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 전체 만족도는 도서관의 지속적인 이용의사에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 도서관 이용행태적 특성에 따른 이용자 만족수준 향상을 위하여 도서관의 시설 개선, 원격 학술정보 제공을 위한 스마트 디지털도서관 시스템의 구축, 인쇄자료 및 전자자료 등 학술정보원의 다양성과 최신성의 확보 등의 요인이 방송대 도서관의 서비스 개선을 위한 핵심 요소로 파악되었다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제10권12호
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• pp.3815-3823
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• 2009

축제나 특별 이벤트는 관광 매력물 중 양적 질적으로 가장 빠르게 성장하고 있는 분야 중 하나이며, 지역사회에 경제적 영향, 사회문화적 영향, 환경적 영향, 정치적 영향관계를 형성하여 지역변화의 주도적 역할을 하고 있다. 지역축제가 지역의 문화발전과 나아가 지역전체의 발전에 기여하기 위해서는 축제의 경제적 가치뿐만 아니라 사회 문화 환경적 영향 정도를 파악할 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 영주풍기 인삼축제 참가자들을 대상으로 축제의 사회 문화 환경적 영향에 대한 평가를 바탕으로 군집분석을 실시하여 이들 세분시장별 축제에 대한 태도 및 행동에 대한 차이를 규명하였다. 군집분석 결과 2개의 매우 상이한 방문객 집단이 도출되었는데 이들은 행동의 특성면에서 뿐 만아니라 축제에 대한 가치와 만족 평가 및 재방문의도 등에 대해 전반적으로 매우 다른 평가를 하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 군집분석 결과에 비추어 볼 때 고평가군은 주로 본 축제의 주요시장인 50대 이후 노년층으로 구성되어 있었고, 저평가군은 고평가군에 비해 연령층이 낮았다. 고평가군 참가자들의 재방문과 향후 추천의도를 높이기 위한 건강 관련 체험 프로그램을 보완 확대하고, 저평가군 청년층 참가자들의 관심을 유도하기 위해 인삼을 이용한 화장품이나 비누 만들기 등 뷰티체험 등의 체험행사를 좀 더 집중적으로 보완하여야 할 것으로 보인다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.294-300
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• 2011

본 연구는 연하장애에 대한 병식이 없는 뇌졸중 환자들에서 연하장애의 유무와 양상을 알아보고자 시행되었다. 부산시에 소재하고 있는 P 재활의학병원을 내원한 뇌졸중 환자들 중 설문지 조사를 통하여 병식이 없다고 응답한 11명의 환자(남자 4명, 여자 7명)들을 최종대상으로 선정하였다. 설문지 조사, 비디오 투시 연하 조영 검사(video-fluoroscopic swallowing study, VFSS), 기능적 연하곤란 척도, 신경행동학적 인지상태 검사(neuro- behavioral cognitive status examination, NCSE)를 실시하였다. 결과 분석은 SPSS12.0을 사용하여 기술통계와 피어슨 상관분석을 하였다. 본 연구의 대상 뇌졸중 환자들 중 연하장애에 대한 병식이 없다고 응답한 환자들은 모두 연하장애를 동반하였다. 동반되는 연하장애의 양상으로는 구강기의 문제들과 인두기의 삼킴반사 지연이 있으며 인지적 특성에 있어서는 NCSE 항목 중 구성력, 기억력, 유사성이 다른 항목들보다 더 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 기능적 연하곤란 척도와 NCSE 항목들 간의 상관관계를 살펴본 결과 지남력과 판단력이 삼킴반사 지연과 언어이해가 구강 내 식괴의 잔여정도와 유의한 상관관계가 있었다. 본 연구의 결과에 의하면 연하장애에 대한 병식이 없는 뇌졸중 환자들이 연하장애를 가질확률이 높다. 따라서 연하장애로 인한 합병증을 예방하고 작업치료의 효과를 높이기 위해 뇌졸중 환자들에게 조기에 연하장애 평가가 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.247-261
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to figure out related factors to the self-reported climacteric symptoms and the relationship among the health promoting behaviors, climacteric symptoms and degree of Sanhujori, the Korean traditional postpartal care. A cross-sectional survey design was employed in this study. The subjects were 108 middle-aged women who were non-hystrectomized and ranged in age from 40 to 60 years. They were selected in seoul and Kyoung-ki province, Korea, Data were collected from Oct.25 Nov. 10, 1997 by a structured questionnaire. The instruments used for this study were the revised health Promotion Lifestyle(HPLP) developed by Walker, Sechrist & Pender, and revised Climacteric Symptoms Scale developed by Chi, Sung Ai. the data were analyzed by the SPSS/$PC^+$ program using t-test, ANOVA and Scheffe test as a post hoc and Pearson Correlation Coefficient. The results of the study were as follows ; 1. The mean score of health promoting behaviors was low($2.42{\pm}0.35$). There were statistically significant differences in the score of health promoting behaviors according to the educational background, family income, marital satisfaction, whether or not taking a restorative food and degree of Sanhujori, especially the period (t=-2.07, F=2.60~7.57, p<0.05). 2. The mean score of score self-reported climacteric symptoms was 1.69%;99% of middle-aged women had symptoms. There were statically significant differences in the score of middle -aged women's self-reported climacteric symptoms according to the age, number of children, educational background, occupation, family income, marital satisfaction, whether or not receiving hormon replacement therapy (HRT) or consultation by a professional, perceived health status and self evaluation of Sanhujori(t=-2.04~3.69, F=2.87~11.63, p<0.05). 3. women's degree of Sanhujori was a positive correlation with health promoting behaviors(r=0.34, p=0.00) and negative correlation with the degree of self-reported climacteric symptoms(r=-0.19,p=0.03). 4. The influencing factors to the climacteric symptoms were self actualization, interpersonal support, and perceived health status among the health promoting behaviors with 57% of variance($R^2$=0.57). 5. The middle-aged women's type of coping pattern for the climacteric symptoms was classified as active behavioral coping, spiritual & psychological coping, and negative coping. In conclusion, to intervene the middle aged women's climacteric symptoms and develop nursing strategies for their health, health promoting behavior, especially ; self actualization, interpersonal support, and perceived health status should be considered. And, as the primary prevention strategy for women's health during the period of childbearing and also middle age, especially for the climacteric symptoms, Sanhujori should be reconsidered.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.323-333
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• 2020

In recent years, there has been an upsurge for the usage of buckling restrained braces (BRB) rather than ordinary braces, as they have evidently performed better. If the overall brace buckling is ignored, BRBs are proven to have higher energy absorption capacity and flexibility. This article aims to deliberate an economically efficient yet adequate type of all-steel BRB, comprised of the main components as in traditional ones, such as : (1) a steel core that holds all axial forces and (2) a steel restrainer tube that hinders buckling to occurr in the core; there is a more practical detailing in the BRB system due to the elimination of a filling mortar. An investigation has been conducted for the proposed rectangular-tube core BRB and it is hysteric behavioral results have been compared to previous researches conducted on a structure containing a similar plate core profile that has the same cross-sectional area in its core. A loss of strength is known to occur in the BRB when the limiting condition of local buckling is not satisfied, thus causing instability. This typically occurs when the thickness of the restrainer tube's wall is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the core plate or its width. In this study, a parametric investigation for BRBs with different formations has been performed to verify the effect of the design parameters such as different core section profiles, restraining member width to thickness ratio and relative cross-sectional area of the core to restrainer, on buckling load evaluation. The proposed BRB investigation results have also been presented and compared to past BRB researches with a plate profile as the core section, and the advantages and disadvantages of this configuration have been discussed, and it is concluded that BRBs with tubular core section exhibit a better seismic performance than the ones with a plate core profile.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.143-153
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• 2012

Objectives : This study examined the current prevalence rate of school bullying and its related psychopathology. Methods : A total of 3,550 elementary/middle school students and their parents were recruited for this study. A self-report questionnaire on perpetration and victimization in school bullying was used for collection of data regarding prevalence and the present state of school bullying. For evaluation of associated psychopathology, self report forms, including the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder Rating Scale (ARS), Korean-Child Behavior Checklist (K-CBCL), Korean-Youth Self Report (K-YSR), and the Korean Eppendorf Schizophrenia Inventory (K-ESI) were applied. Samples were classified according to four subtype groups (control, victim, perpetrator, and victim-perpetrator) and characteristics of each group were compared. Results : Overall, the prevalence rate for bullying perpetration was 64.4% and the prevalence rate for bullying victimization was 63.4%, indicating involvement of more than half of students in school bullying. Bully-victims reported high social immaturity and depressive and suicidal tendency, whereas bully-perpetrators reported less social immaturity and more externalizing problems. Among the subtype groups, the victim-perpetrator group showed the most prominent depressive/anxiety tendency and behavioral problems. Conclusions : Both victimization and perpetration of bullying are common problems for child and adolescent groups and several psycho-social problems were found to be related. The results of this study will guide direction of future study and development of strategies for prevention of bullying.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.37-51
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• 2012

New generation of tall and complex buildings systems are now introduced that are reflective of the latest development in materials, design, sustainability, construction, and IT technologies. While the complexity in design is being overcome by the availability and advances in structural analysis tools and readily advanced software, the design of these buildings are still reliant on minimum code requirements that yet to be validated in full scale. The involvement of the author in the design and construction planning of Burj Khalifa since its inception until its completion prompted the author to conceptually develop an extensive survey and real-time structural health monitoring program to validate all the fundamental assumptions mad for the design and construction planning of the tower. The Burj Khalifa Project is the tallest structure ever built by man; the tower is 828 meters tall and comprises of 162 floors above grade and 3 basement levels. Early integration of aerodynamic shaping and wind engineering played a major role in the architectural massing and design of this multi-use tower, where mitigating and taming the dynamic wind effects was one of the most important design criteria established at the onset of the project design. Understanding the structural and foundation system behaviors of the tower are the key fundamental drivers for the development and execution of a state-of-the-art survey and structural health monitoring (SHM) programs. Therefore, the focus of this paper is to discuss the execution of the survey and real-time structural health monitoring programs to confirm the structural behavioral response of the tower during construction stage and during its service life; the monitoring programs included 1) monitoring the tower's foundation system, 2) monitoring the foundation settlement, 3) measuring the strains of the tower vertical elements, 4) measuring the wall and column vertical shortening due to elastic, shrinkage and creep effects, 5) measuring the lateral displacement of the tower under its own gravity loads (including asymmetrical effects) resulting from immediate elastic and long term creep effects, 6) measuring the building lateral movements and dynamic characteristic in real time during construction, 7) measuring the building displacements, accelerations, dynamic characteristics, and structural behavior in real time under building permanent conditions, 8) and monitoring the Pinnacle dynamic behavior and fatigue characteristics. This extensive SHM program has resulted in extensive insight into the structural response of the tower, allowed control the construction process, allowed for the evaluation of the structural response in effective and immediate manner and it allowed for immediate correlation between the measured and the predicted behavior. The survey and SHM programs developed for Burj Khalifa will with no doubt pioneer the use of new survey techniques and the execution of new SHM program concepts as part of the fundamental design of building structures. Moreover, this survey and SHM programs will be benchmarked as a model for the development of future generation of SHM programs for all critical and essential facilities, however, but with much improved devices and technologies, which are now being considered by the author for another tall and complex building development, that is presently under construction.